Biology Unit 1 Preassessment
Preassessment
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is a microscope’s total magnification if the eyepiece is 10x and the objective is set at 40x?
- A.
4x
- B.
40x
- C.
400x
- D.
4000x
Correct Answer
C. 400xExplanation
The total magnification of a microscope is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece by the magnification of the objective lens. In this case, the eyepiece has a magnification of 10x and the objective lens has a magnification of 40x. Therefore, the total magnification is 10x * 40x = 400x.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
- A.
Plants
- B.
Animals
- C.
Bacteria
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. BacteriaExplanation
Bacteria are prokaryotes because they lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Unlike plants and animals, which are eukaryotes, bacteria have a simple cellular structure with a single circular chromosome and lack complex internal compartments. They are unicellular organisms that can be found in various environments and play important roles in ecosystems.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
What type of cell is shown in the diagram below?
- A.
Plants Cells
- B.
Eukaryotic cells
- C.
Bacterial cells
- D.
Prokaryotic cells
Correct Answer
B. Eukaryotic cellsExplanation
The diagram shown represents eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a nucleus enclosed within a membrane, as well as other membrane-bound organelles. These cells are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Bacterial cells, on the other hand, are prokaryotic cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Therefore, the diagram does not depict bacterial cells.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
A mysterious new organism is discovered to have the following characteristics: -Single celled, -Green in color, -Genetic information floating freely. What is the new organism’s best description?
- A.
Prokaryote
- B.
Eukaryote
- C.
Animal cell
- D.
Plant cell
Correct Answer
A. ProkaryoteExplanation
The given characteristics of being single-celled, green in color, and having genetic information floating freely suggest that the new organism is a prokaryote. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They can be photosynthetic, which explains the green color, and their genetic material is not enclosed within a nucleus, hence floating freely.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
- Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a eukaryote. How do you know?
- A.
The cell has cytoplasm
- B.
The cell has a cell membrane
- C.
The cell has a nucleus
- D.
D. The cell has ribosomes
Correct Answer
C. The cell has a nucleusExplanation
You can determine that the cell is a eukaryote because it has a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a membrane-bound nucleus that contains the cell's genetic material. This distinguishes them from prokaryotic cells, which do not have a nucleus.Rate this question:
- 6.
Which statement about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is correct
- A.
Eukaryotes have DNA and prokaryotes do not
- B.
Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a cell membrane
- C.
Prokaryotes have lysosomes and eukaryotes do not
- D.
Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a nucleus
Correct Answer
B. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a cell membraneExplanation
Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a cell membrane. This is because the cell membrane is a universal feature of all cells, regardless of whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic. The cell membrane acts as a barrier that separates the cell from its external environment, regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, and plays a crucial role in maintaining cell homeostasis. Therefore, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes possess a cell membrane to perform these essential functions.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
- Which statement about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is correct?
- A.
A. Eukaryotes have DNA and prokaryotes do not
- B.
B. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a cell membrane
- C.
C. Prokaryotes have lysosomes and eukaryotes do not
- D.
D. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have a nucleus
Correct Answer
A. A. Eukaryotes have DNA and prokaryotes do notExplanation
Eukaryotes have DNA and prokaryotes do not. This is because eukaryotes, which include plants, animals, and fungi, have a nucleus where their DNA is stored, while prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, do not have a nucleus and their DNA is found in the cytoplasm.Rate this question:
- 8.
Which cell component is not directly involved in the making or processing of proteins?
- A.
Mitochondria
- B.
Golgi apparatus
- C.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- D.
Ribosomes
Correct Answer
A. MitochondriaExplanation
Mitochondria is not directly involved in the making or processing of proteins. While the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are involved in protein processing and modification, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, mitochondria are primarily responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have __________ or _________.
- A.
. a nucleus, a cell wall
- B.
A cell membrane, chloroplasts
- C.
Chloroplasts, a cell wall
- D.
Centrioles, a nucleus.
Correct Answer
C. Chloroplasts, a cell wallExplanation
Animal cells do not have chloroplasts or a cell wall. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy. Animal cells do not perform photosynthesis, so they do not require chloroplasts. Additionally, plant cells have a rigid cell wall that provides structural support and protection, while animal cells do not have a cell wall.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
Smooth muscle cells in the lungs are involved in nonstop contractions that keep us breathing. What organelles do these cells probably have an unusually high number of?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
DNA molecules
- D.
Golgi bodies
Correct Answer
B. MitochondriaExplanation
Smooth muscle cells in the lungs are involved in nonstop contractions that require a constant supply of energy. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell and are responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Therefore, these cells likely have an unusually high number of mitochondria to meet their high energy demands and ensure continuous contractions for breathing.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Which of these is NOT a trait common to all living things?
- A.
A. Has a heart
- B.
B. Reproduces
- C.
C. Maintain homeostasis
- D.
C. Maintain homeostasis
Correct Answer
A. A. Has a heartExplanation
The trait of having a heart is not common to all living things. While many living organisms do have a heart, such as humans and other animals, there are also many living organisms that do not possess a heart, such as bacteria and plants. Therefore, having a heart cannot be considered a universal trait among all living things.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
- A.
Stores DNA
- B.
Stores Sugars
- C.
Builds Proteins
- D.
Packages Proteins
Correct Answer
A. Stores DNAExplanation
The nucleus is responsible for storing DNA. DNA contains the genetic information of an organism, including instructions for the development and functioning of cells. The nucleus protects and organizes the DNA, ensuring its integrity and accessibility when needed for various cellular processes such as replication, transcription, and gene expression.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Which of the following is the function of the golgi apparatus?
- A.
A. Modifies, sorts and packages proteins
- B.
B. Make ATP
- C.
C. Stores sugars
- D.
D. Breaks down large molecules
Correct Answer
A. A. Modifies, sorts and packages proteinsExplanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them by adding carbohydrates or lipids. It then sorts these modified proteins and packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations within the cell or for secretion outside of the cell. This process ensures that proteins are properly modified and directed to their intended locations, allowing for proper cellular function.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
Unlike the smooth ER, the rough ER has ___________________________ attached to it
- A.
Lysosomes
- B.
Carbohydrate Chains
- C.
Ribosomes
- D.
Centriolds
Correct Answer
C. RibosomesExplanation
The rough ER has ribosomes attached to it. Ribosomes are small organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis. They are found either free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER. The rough ER gets its name from the ribosomes that are attached to its surface, giving it a rough appearance under a microscope. These ribosomes on the rough ER play a crucial role in the production of proteins that are destined for secretion or for insertion into the cell membrane.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
Which of the following is the role of chloroplast?
- A.
Make proteins
- B.
Copy DNA
- C.
Absorb sunlight in order to make energy
- D.
Package proteins
Correct Answer
A. Make proteinsExplanation
Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. They contain chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs sunlight and uses it to produce glucose, the plant's main source of energy. While chloroplasts do play a role in protein synthesis, their primary function is to absorb sunlight and convert it into energy, making the production of proteins a secondary function.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
Which cell process will move substances opposite a concentration gradient in a cell membrane?
- A.
Diffusion
- B.
Facilitated diffusion
- C.
Osmosis
- D.
Active transport
Correct Answer
D. Active transportExplanation
Active transport is the correct answer because it is the only cell process that moves substances opposite a concentration gradient in a cell membrane. Unlike diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, which all move substances down a concentration gradient, active transport requires the use of energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. This process is essential for maintaining proper balance and homeostasis within the cell, allowing it to selectively transport specific molecules or ions across the membrane, regardless of their concentration outside the cell.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
Which term describes the relatively constant (stable) internal physical conditions of an organism?
- A.
A. Cell specialization
- B.
B. Homeostasis
- C.
C. Organ system
- D.
D. Unicellularity
Correct Answer
B. B. HomeostasisExplanation
Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment. This process allows the organism to regulate its temperature, pH levels, and other physiological factors within a narrow range, ensuring optimal functioning. Cell specialization (A) refers to the differentiation of cells to perform specific functions, organ system (C) refers to a group of organs working together to perform a specific function, and unicellularity (D) refers to organisms made up of a single cell. Therefore, the correct term that describes stable internal physical conditions of an organism is homeostasis (B).Rate this question:
-
- 18.
The pathway taken by water molecules into the cell is
- A.
Through the cholesterol molecules
- B.
Between the globular proteins
- C.
Between the phospholipids
- D.
Through the peripheral proteins through the peripheral proteins through the peripheral proteins
Correct Answer
C. Between the phospholipidsExplanation
Water molecules enter the cell through the spaces between the phospholipids. Phospholipids form the main structure of the cell membrane, creating a bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward. The hydrophilic heads allow water molecules to pass through, while the hydrophobic tails repel them. Therefore, water molecules move through the spaces between the phospholipids, facilitated by the peripheral proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane.Rate this question:
-
- 19.
Watering a droopy plant will help restore its shape. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the plant to its original condition?
- A.
Water left the plant leaf cells by diffusion
- B.
Water entered the cells of the leaf by osmosis
- C.
Osmosis caused salts to enter the leaf cells.
- D.
Osmosis caused salts to enter the leaf cells.
Correct Answer
B. Water entered the cells of the leaf by osmosisExplanation
When a plant is droopy, it is often due to a lack of water. Watering the plant helps to restore its shape because water enters the cells of the leaf through a process called osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher water concentration (in this case, the soil) to an area of lower water concentration (the cells of the leaf). By entering the leaf cells, water helps to hydrate and plump them up, restoring the plant to its original condition.Rate this question:
-
- 20.
A word that refers to any complete living thing is
- A.
Tissue
- B.
Organ
- C.
System
- D.
Organism
Correct Answer
D. OrganismExplanation
The word "organism" refers to any complete living thing. This term encompasses all living beings, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It highlights the fact that these entities have a complex organization and are capable of carrying out essential life processes such as reproduction, growth, and response to stimuli. The other options, tissue, organ, and system, are all components of an organism but do not encompass the entirety of a living being.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
What is the best description of mitosis?
- A.
Mitosis is a type of cell division.
- B.
Mitosis produces two identical cells.
- C.
Mitosis is important in growth.
- D.
All of the answers are correct
Correct Answer
D. All of the answers are correctExplanation
All of the answers are correct because mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two identical cells, and it is important in growth.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
Which description best explains the process of mitosis?
- A.
One cell transfers all of its information to another cell
- B.
One cell divides into two identical copies of itself
- C.
One cell divides and loses half of its DNA
- D.
One cell divides its DNA into two preexisting cells
Correct Answer
B. One cell divides into two identical copies of itselfExplanation
Mitosis is a process of cell division where one cell divides into two identical copies of itself. This is the most accurate description as it correctly represents the process of mitosis, where the genetic material is equally distributed between the two daughter cells, resulting in two identical cells.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
In which phase of mitosis does the cytoplasm divide?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Telophase
- D.
Cytokinesis
Correct Answer
A. InterphaseExplanation
During interphase, the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and organelles. However, cytoplasm division occurs during cytokinesis, which is the final stage of cell division. Therefore, the given answer is incorrect.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
At what step in cell division do chromosomes make copies of themselves?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
A. InterphaseExplanation
During interphase, which is the phase before cell division, chromosomes make copies of themselves through a process called DNA replication. This ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes during cell division. Therefore, interphase is the step in cell division where chromosomes make copies of themselves.Rate this question:
-
- 25.
Which of the following guide the movement of chromosomes during mitosis?
- A.
Spindle Fibers
- B.
Centrioles
- C.
Nuclear Envelope
- D.
DNA
Correct Answer
A. Spindle FibersExplanation
Spindle fibers guide the movement of chromosomes during mitosis. These fibers are formed from microtubules and attach to the chromosomes at their centromeres. As the spindle fibers contract, they pull the chromosomes towards opposite ends of the cell, ensuring that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. The centrioles, located near the nucleus, help in the formation of the spindle fibers. The nuclear envelope, on the other hand, breaks down during mitosis to allow the spindle fibers access to the chromosomes. DNA, although essential for the structure and function of chromosomes, does not directly guide their movement during mitosis.Rate this question:
-
- 26.
Most cells spend their lives in:
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Interphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
C. InterphaseExplanation
Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell spends most of its life. During interphase, the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell division. It is divided into three stages: G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. In G1 phase, the cell grows and carries out its normal functions. In S phase, DNA replication occurs. In G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and prepares for cell division. Therefore, interphase is the correct answer as most cells spend their lives in this phase.Rate this question:
-
- Aeronautics Quizzes
- Aerospace Quizzes
- Agricultural Science Quizzes
- Astrology Quizzes
- Astronomy Quizzes
- Atom Quizzes
- Biochemistry Quizzes
- Biomechanics Quizzes
- Biostatistics Quizzes
- Biotechnology Quizzes
- Botany Quizzes
- Branches Of Science Quizzes
- Chemistry Quizzes
- Cytology Quizzes
- Easy Science Quizzes
- Ecology Quizzes
- Electrical Quizzes
- Embryology Quizzes
- Endocrinology Quizzes
- Engineering Quizzes
- Environmental Science Quizzes
- Epidemiology Quizzes
- Experiment Quizzes
- Forestry Quizzes
- Fossil Quizzes
- Gas Quizzes
- General Science Quizzes
- Genetics Quizzes
- Histology Quizzes
- Human Biology Quizzes
- Integrated Science Quizzes
- Invention Quizzes
- Library Science Quizzes
- Lighting Quizzes
- Liquid Quizzes
- Marine Biology Quizzes
- Microbiology Quizzes
- Molecular Biology Quizzes
- Nature Quizzes
- Neuroscience Quizzes
- Nuclear Science Quizzes
- Oceanography Quizzes
- Physics Quizzes
- Psychology Quizzes
- Science And Technology Quizzes
- Science Glossary Quizzes
- Science Knowledge Quizzes
- Science Practice Quizzes
- Scientific Method Quizzes
- Scientific Notation Quizzes
- Soil Science Quizzes
- Solar System Quizzes
- Solid Quizzes
- Zoology Quizzes
Back to top