1.
In which major branch of Earth science would a scientist study black smokers
Correct Answer
C. Oceanography
Explanation
A scientist would study black smokers in the major branch of Earth science called oceanography. Oceanography focuses on the study of the ocean and its various components, including the physical, chemical, and biological aspects. Black smokers are hydrothermal vents found on the ocean floor, emitting hot, mineral-rich water. Therefore, studying black smokers falls under the realm of oceanography as it involves understanding the geological and chemical processes occurring in the ocean.
2.
This image is a __________
Correct Answer
C. Bar graph
Explanation
The image is a bar graph because it consists of rectangular bars that represent different categories or variables. Each bar is used to compare the quantities or values of these categories, making it a suitable representation for data comparison.
3.
Scientist begin to learn about things by_______________
Correct Answer
A. Asking questions
Explanation
Scientists begin to learn about things by asking questions. This is because asking questions allows scientists to explore and investigate a topic or phenomenon. By asking questions, scientists can gather information, generate hypotheses, and design experiments or studies to test their ideas. It is through this process of inquiry that scientists can gain a deeper understanding and knowledge about the world around them.
4.
_____________ are a series of steps followed to solve problems.
Correct Answer
D. Scientific methods
Explanation
Scientific methods are a series of steps followed to solve problems. These methods involve making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. By following these systematic procedures, scientists are able to gather evidence, test theories, and make reliable and objective discoveries in various fields of study. Therefore, scientific methods are the most appropriate answer to the given question.
5.
This image is a description of an ____________
Correct Answer
A. Earthquake
Explanation
The image provided is not visible, so it is not possible to determine the exact description. However, based on the given options, the correct answer is earthquake.
6.
The amount of matter in an object is ______
Correct Answer
D. Mass
Explanation
Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object. It is a fundamental property of an object and is independent of its temperature, area, or volume. Temperature measures the degree of hotness or coldness, area measures the size of the surface, and volume measures the amount of space occupied by an object. However, only mass quantifies the amount of matter present in an object.
7.
Aftershocks are generally weaker quakes that follow stronger quakes.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that occur after a larger earthquake. They are caused by the readjustment of stress in the Earth's crust following the main earthquake. These aftershocks can continue for days, weeks, or even months after the initial earthquake. They are generally weaker than the main earthquake but can still cause damage and be felt by people. Therefore, the statement that aftershocks are generally weaker quakes that follow stronger quakes is true.
8.
The largest ocean is the
Correct Answer
B. Pacific Ocean
Explanation
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. It covers an area of about 63 million square miles, which is more than twice the size of the next largest ocean, the Atlantic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is also the deepest ocean, with the Mariana Trench being the deepest point on Earth. It is named after the Latin word "pacificus," which means peaceful, as it was originally named by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan due to its calm and tranquil nature.
9.
The ocean floor and all of the organisms that live on or in it is the
Correct Answer
A. Benthic environment
Explanation
The benthic environment refers to the ocean floor and all the organisms that live on or in it. This includes the sediments, rocks, and other physical features of the ocean floor, as well as the diverse array of organisms that inhabit this area. The benthic environment is distinct from the pelagic environment, which refers to the open water column of the ocean. The neritic zone is the shallow region of the ocean that extends from the coastline to the edge of the continental shelf. The oceanic zone refers to the deep open ocean beyond the continental shelf. Therefore, the correct answer is the benthic environment.
10.
The largest star in the solar system is
Correct Answer
D. The Sun
Explanation
The Sun is considered the largest star in the solar system because it is a massive ball of hot, glowing gases that generates light and heat through nuclear fusion. It has a diameter of about 1.4 million kilometers, which is about 109 times the diameter of the Earth. The Sun's immense size and gravitational pull allow it to hold the planets, including Earth, in its orbit.
11.
Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere at a specific moment in time, including factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation. It is a measure of the current atmospheric conditions and can vary from place to place and day to day. Therefore, the statement that weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time is true.
12.
Which of the following tropical biomes has less than 50 cm of precipitation a year?
Correct Answer
B. Desert
Explanation
Deserts are known for their extremely dry conditions, receiving less than 50 cm of precipitation annually. This lack of rainfall results in arid and barren landscapes, characterized by sparse vegetation and limited water sources. The other options, such as rainforests, grasslands, and savannas, typically receive higher amounts of precipitation, making deserts the only biome on the list that fits the criteria of less than 50 cm of annual rainfall.
13.
Which galaxy do we live in?
Correct Answer
A. The Milky Way
Explanation
We live in the Milky Way galaxy. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that contains our solar system. It is a barred spiral galaxy, meaning it has a bar-shaped structure in its center with spiral arms extending from it. The Milky Way is home to billions of stars, including our Sun, as well as other celestial objects such as planets, asteroids, and comets. It is one of the many galaxies in the universe and is named after the milky white band of light that can be seen in the night sky, which is caused by the concentration of stars in the galactic plane.
14.
The big bang theory states that the universe begin because aliens walked on the moon
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is not accurate. The Big Bang theory is a scientific explanation for the origin of the universe, which states that the universe began with a rapid expansion from a hot and dense state. It does not involve aliens walking on the moon. Therefore, the correct answer is False.
15.
Scientists study 77 kinds of constellations.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because scientists do not study constellations. Constellations are patterns of stars that are observed and studied by astronomers, not scientists in general. Scientists study various fields such as biology, chemistry, physics, and so on, but not specifically constellations.
16.
Which of the following is a factor that affects climate?
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Prevailing winds, latitude, and ocean currents are all factors that affect climate. Prevailing winds determine the direction and speed of air movement, influencing temperature and precipitation patterns. Latitude plays a significant role in climate as it determines the amount of solar energy received, resulting in variations in temperature and seasons. Ocean currents, such as the Gulf Stream, transport warm or cold water, impacting the temperature and moisture content of coastal regions. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to shaping the climate of a particular region.
17.
What are two ways you can keep yourself informed during severe weather?
Correct Answer
B. Watch tv and listen to the radio
Explanation
Watching TV and listening to the radio are two ways to keep oneself informed during severe weather. These sources provide live updates, news bulletins, and weather forecasts that can help individuals stay aware of any potential dangers or changes in the weather conditions. By tuning in to these mediums, individuals can receive important information, such as evacuation notices, storm warnings, and safety instructions, which can be crucial for making informed decisions and taking necessary precautions during severe weather events.
18.
How many branches of Earth science are there?
Correct Answer
D. 4
Explanation
There are four branches of Earth science: geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy. Geology studies the Earth's solid materials and processes, meteorology focuses on the atmosphere and weather patterns, oceanography examines the Earth's oceans and marine life, and astronomy explores celestial bodies and the universe. Each branch contributes to our understanding of the Earth and its place in the universe.
19.
Geology is a branch of Earth science.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Geology is indeed a branch of Earth science. Geology focuses on the study of the Earth's solid materials, such as rocks and minerals, as well as the processes that shape and change the Earth's surface. It involves understanding the formation, composition, and history of rocks, as well as the study of geological hazards like earthquakes and volcanoes. By studying geology, scientists gain insights into the Earth's past, present, and future, helping us better understand our planet and its resources.
20.
Meteorology is the branch of Earth science related to
Correct Answer
A. Weather and climate
Explanation
Meteorology is the branch of Earth science that focuses on studying and understanding weather patterns and climate conditions. It involves analyzing atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure, to predict and explain weather phenomena like storms, hurricanes, and droughts. By studying weather and climate, meteorologists can provide valuable information for forecasting, planning, and understanding the impact of weather on human activities and the environment.
21.
There are 100 _________ of stars in space.
Correct Answer
C. Billion billion
Explanation
The correct answer is "billion billion" because the question asks for the number of something in space, and "billion billion" is the only option that represents a large quantity. "Million" and "thousand" are too small to represent the vastness of space, and "meteor" is not a unit of measurement for stars. Therefore, "billion billion" is the most appropriate answer.
22.
There are four branches of Earth ____
Correct Answer
science
Explanation
The given correct answer is "science" because the question is asking for the branches of Earth, and "science" is the correct term to complete the sentence. Earth science is a field of study that encompasses various branches such as geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy. These branches focus on different aspects of the Earth and its processes, making "science" the appropriate answer to complete the sentence.
23.
Oceanography is the study of the___
Correct Answer
B. Sea
Explanation
Oceanography is the study of the sea, including its physical and biological components. It involves the exploration and understanding of the ocean's characteristics, such as its currents, tides, waves, and marine life. By studying the sea, oceanographers gain insights into various aspects of the Earth's climate, weather patterns, ecosystems, and natural resources. They also investigate the impact of human activities on the sea and develop strategies for sustainable management and conservation. Therefore, "sea" is the correct answer as it accurately represents the focus and scope of oceanography.