Which is NOT a Mendelian law of inheritance?

There is no allele dominant over the other during the first filial generation

The pair of factors that control the appearance of a trait separate or segregate from each other during gamete formation

The separation of factors in a pair controlling a particular trait does not affect the separation of factors for another trait

There is a pair of factors that control the appearance of a particular trait in every organism

There is no allele dominant over the other during the first filial generation

Why are garden peas suitable for Mendel's experiments?

They are easily self and cross pollinated

They are large and fast growing

They have many hereditary traits

They are easily self and cross pollinated

They are of good economic importance

Some diseases have genetic origins. For example, sickle – cell anemia results when an individual inherits two recessive form of the disease gene. If a girl develops sickle – cell anemia and her parents do not have the disease, which of the following statements is true?

Each of the girl's parents have one recessive sickle - cell allele

Any future children of the girl will have sickle - cell anemia

No future children of the girl will have sickle - cell anemia

None of the girl's brothers or sisters have the disease

Each of the girl's parents have one recessive sickle - cell allele

For the genotype below, determine which phenotypes are possible. Purple flowers are dominant over white flowers.

PP = purple, pp = white, Pp = purple

PP – white, pp = purple, Pp = white

PP = purple, pp = purple, Pp = white

PP = purple, pp = white, Pp = purple

PP = white, pp = white, Pp= purple

Genetics Trivia: MCQ Exam Quiz!

1.

Which pattern of inheritance is followed when a cross between a red flower and a white flower bears a pink flower?
- A.
  
  Mendelian
- B.
  
  Incomplete dominance
- C.
  
  Codominance
- D.
  
  Multiple alleles
Correct Answer
B. Incomplete dominance

Explanation
incomplete dominance is the pattern of inheritance wherein an intermediate trait is produced from the heterozygous genotype.

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2.

The gene for tallness (T) is dominant over short hair (t) among pea plants. What are the possible gene combinations in the offspring if a pure tall pea plant is crossed with a hybrid tall tea plant?
- A.
  
  1 TT, 2 Tt, 1 tt
- B.
  
  2TT, 2 tt
- C.
  
  2 TT, 2 Tt
- D.
  
  1 TT, 3 tt
Correct Answer
C. 2 TT, 2 Tt

Explanation
When a pure tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a hybrid tall pea plant (Tt), there are two possible gene combinations in the offspring. The first combination is TT, which means the offspring inherits the dominant tall gene from both parents. The second combination is Tt, which means the offspring inherits the dominant tall gene from the pure tall parent and the recessive short gene from the hybrid parent. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 TT, 2 Tt.

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3.

Having a cleft chin is a recessive trait. Suppose that the possible genotypic ratio is 1 CC, 2 Cc, and 1 cc, and the father has a genotype of Cc, what would be the genotype of the mother?
- A.
  
  CC
- B.
  
  Cc
- C.
  
  Cc
- D.
  
  CC
Correct Answer
B. Cc

Explanation
Based on the given information, the genotypic ratio is 1 CC, 2 Cc, and 1 cc. Since the father has a genotype of Cc, it means that he has one dominant allele (C) and one recessive allele (c). Since the possible genotypic ratio includes 2 Cc, it suggests that the mother must also have a genotype of Cc. This would result in a 25% chance of having a child with a cleft chin (cc genotype).

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4.

Which is NOT a Mendelian law of inheritance?
- A.
  
  The pair of factors that control the appearance of a trait separate or segregate from each other during gamete formation
- B.
  
  The separation of factors in a pair controlling a particular trait does not affect the separation of factors for another trait
- C.
  
  There is a pair of factors that control the appearance of a particular trait in every organism
- D.
  
  There is no allele dominant over the other during the first filial generation
Correct Answer
D. There is no allele dominant over the other during the first filial generation

Explanation
The Law of Complete Dominance is a pattern of heredity under Mendel's idea wherein there would be a dominant allele that could mask the expression of the recessive allele.

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5.

Which correctly describes an identical pair of alleles for a certain trait?
- A.
  
  Dominant
- B.
  
  Recessive
- C.
  
  Homozygous
- D.
  
  Heterozygous
Correct Answer
C. Homozygous

Explanation
An identical pair of alleles for a certain trait is described as homozygous. This means that both alleles for the trait are the same, either both dominant or both recessive. In a homozygous individual, there is no variation in the alleles for that specific trait.

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6.

Why are garden peas suitable for Mendel's experiments?
- A.
  
  They are large and fast growing
- B.
  
  They have many hereditary traits
- C.
  
  They are easily self and cross pollinated
- D.
  
  They are of good economic importance
Correct Answer
C. They are easily self and cross pollinated

Explanation
Garden peas are suitable for Mendel's experiments because they are easily self and cross pollinated. This means that Mendel could control the breeding of the peas and ensure that specific traits were passed on to the next generation. By carefully selecting which plants to cross and observing the resulting offspring, Mendel was able to study the inheritance patterns of different traits in a controlled manner.

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7.

Which derivation from Mendel's laws refers to situations wherein both alleles are expressed at the same time?
- A.
  
  Dominance
- B.
  
  Codominance
- C.
  
  Multiple Alleles
- D.
  
  Incomplete Dominance
Correct Answer
B. Codominance

Explanation
Codominance is the correct answer because it refers to situations where both alleles in a gene pair are expressed simultaneously and equally in the phenotype of an organism. This means that neither allele is dominant or recessive over the other, and both contribute to the observable traits. In codominance, the resulting phenotype shows a combination of traits from both alleles, rather than one allele masking the expression of the other. This is different from dominance, incomplete dominance, and multiple alleles, which involve different patterns of allele expression.

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8.

Some diseases have genetic origins. For example, sickle – cell anemia results when an individual inherits two recessive form of the disease gene. If a girl develops sickle – cell anemia and her parents do not have the disease, which of the following statements is true?
- A.
  
  Any future children of the girl will have sickle - cell anemia
- B.
  
  No future children of the girl will have sickle - cell anemia
- C.
  
  None of the girl's brothers or sisters have the disease
- D.
  
  Each of the girl's parents have one recessive sickle - cell allele
Correct Answer
D. Each of the girl's parents have one recessive sickle - cell allele

Explanation
If a girl develops sickle-cell anemia and her parents do not have the disease, it means that both of her parents are carriers of the recessive sickle-cell allele. This is because sickle-cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the recessive allele to develop the disease. Since the girl has the disease, it indicates that she inherited one copy of the recessive allele from each of her parents. Therefore, each of the girl's parents must have one recessive sickle-cell allele.

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9.

If a red – flowered gumamela is crossed with a white colored gumamela, pink gumamela flowers are produced. If pink gumamela flowers are crossed, the phenotypic ratio expected will be:
- A.
  
  1:2:1
- B.
  
  3:1
- C.
  
  4:0
- D.
  
  2:2
Correct Answer
A. 1:2:1

Explanation
When a red-flowered gumamela is crossed with a white-colored gumamela, the resulting pink gumamela flowers indicate incomplete dominance. In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous genotype (Rr) produces an intermediate phenotype (pink). When two pink gumamela flowers are crossed, the possible genotypes of the offspring are RR, Rr, and rr. The phenotypic ratio expected from this cross is 1 red:2 pink:1 white, which corresponds to the answer 1:2:1.

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10.

For the genotype below, determine which phenotypes are possible. Purple flowers are dominant over white flowers.
- A.
  
  PP – white, pp = purple, Pp = white
- B.
  
  PP = purple, pp = purple, Pp = white
- C.
  
  PP = purple, pp = white, Pp = purple
- D.
  
  PP = white, pp = white, Pp= purple
Correct Answer
C. PP = purple, pp = white, Pp = purple

Explanation
In this question, the genotype PP represents a homozygous dominant individual, which means they have two copies of the dominant allele for purple flowers. Therefore, their phenotype will be purple. The genotype pp represents a homozygous recessive individual, which means they have two copies of the recessive allele for white flowers. Therefore, their phenotype will be white. The genotype Pp represents a heterozygous individual, which means they have one copy of the dominant allele and one copy of the recessive allele. In this case, the dominant allele for purple flowers will be expressed, so their phenotype will be purple. Therefore, the possible phenotypes for the given genotypes are: PP = purple, pp = white, Pp = purple.

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Genetics Trivia: MCQ Exam Quiz!

Which pattern of inheritance is followed when a cross between a red flower and a white flower bears a pink flower?

The gene for tallness (T) is dominant over short hair (t) among pea plants. What are the possible gene combinations in the offspring if a pure tall pea plant is crossed with a hybrid tall tea plant?

Having a cleft chin is a recessive trait. Suppose that the possible genotypic ratio is 1 CC, 2 Cc, and 1 cc, and the father has a genotype of Cc, what would be the genotype of the mother?

Which is NOT a Mendelian law of inheritance?

Which correctly describes an identical pair of alleles for a certain trait?

Why are garden peas suitable for Mendel's experiments?

Which derivation from Mendel's laws refers to situations wherein both alleles are expressed at the same time?

Some diseases have genetic origins. For example, sickle – cell anemia results when an individual inherits two recessive form of the disease gene. If a girl develops sickle – cell anemia and her parents do not have the disease, which of the following statements is true?

If a red – flowered gumamela is crossed with a white colored gumamela, pink gumamela flowers are produced. If pink gumamela flowers are crossed, the phenotypic ratio expected will be:

For the genotype below, determine which phenotypes are possible. Purple flowers are dominant over white flowers.