Older Adult Practice Questions
- 1.An OT working in a long-term care facilityneeds to evaluate the long-term memory of aresident. Which of the following methods isBEST for evaluating memory of personally ex-perienced events (declarative memory)?
- A.
Show the person a series of objects and ask him to recall the objects within 60 seconds.
- B.
Ask the individual how he spent New Year’s.
- C.
Have the individual state the place, date, and time.
- D.
Ask the client to remember to bring a specific item to the next therapy session.
- 2.An OT is working with an individual withdepression who is cognitively intact but demonstratingdifficulty carrying out self-care andother ADL tasks. The OT, who has no advancedcertifications, would like to identify a standardizedassessment to measure ADL performance.Which is the MOST appropriate tool for thispurpose?
- A.
Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation.
- B.
Routine Task Inventory-Expanded.
- C.
Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills
- D.
Assessment of Motor and Process Skills
- 3.An OT is evaluating an individual who hasundergone a total hip replacement to determineawareness and adherence to hip precautionsprior to discharge. What can the OT concludewhen the individual is observed leaningforward and stopping at 90 degrees of hip flexionto use the long-handled shoehorn whiledonning shoes?
- A.
Demonstrates independence with precautions
- B.
Requires verbal cuing to observe precautions
- C.
Needs a longer assistive device
- D.
Demonstrates cognitive deficits
- 4.An older adult has been hospitalized with adiagnosis of major depressive disorder followingan overdose of sleeping pills. In obtainingan occupational profile, the OT discovers thepatient has knitted and crocheted and enjoyedcooking. What activity should the OT practitionerrecommend FIRST to achieve the goalsof increasing a sense of confidence?
- A.
Crocheting a sweater for her teenage granddaughter.
- B.
Making spaghetti and garlic bread for her husband.
- C.
Knitting a small hat for her newborn grandson.
- D.
Planning meals for the week in anticipation of discharge.
- 5.An individual who is considered modifiedindependent for functional mobility consistentlyleaves her cane in another room. Whenasked where the cane is, the client replies, “Oh,that cane—it’s just so ugly.” Which of the followingactions is MOST appropriate to take?
- A.
Discuss issues related to self-concept with the individual.
- B.
Evaluate the individual’s short-term memory.
- C.
Assess the individual’s long-term memory.
- D.
Devise strategies to address time management.
- 6.Which of the following actions should theOT practitioner instruct a patient to performFIRST when initiating a safe wheelchairtransfer?
- A.
Have the patient scoot forward to the front of the seat.
- B.
Position foot plates in the up position.
- C.
Swing away the leg rests.
- D.
Lock the brakes.
- 7.N OT is working with an individual withAlzheimer’s disease who demonstrates mild tomoderate decline. She lives with her husband,who works during the day. The OT should initiallyfocus intervention on which one of thefollowing areas?
- A.
Ability to chew and swallow.
- B.
Kitchen safety.
- C.
Anger management.
- D.
Recognition of family members.
- 8.When providing caregiver training to thespouse of an individual diagnosed with earlystagedementia, the OT will MOST likely needto instruct the caregiver in strategies to compensatefor what deficits?
- A.
Short-term memory.
- B.
Fine and gross motor skills
- C.
Social skills
- D.
Dressing skills.
- 9.An OT practitioner is planning a meal preparationactivity for an individual with cognitivedeficits in the areas of attentional and organizationalskills. What is the most appropriate activityto use FIRST in addressing sequencingskills?
- A.
Setting the table.
- B.
Planning a meal.
- C.
Baking cookies following a recipe.
- D.
Preparing a shopping list.
- 10.A patient with poor visual acuity is aboutto be discharged after completing a rehabilitationprogram following a total hip replacement.The MOST appropriate environmental adaptationto ensure that the individual can go upand down stairs safely is:
- A.
Installing a stair glide.
- B.
Mounting handrails on both sides of the steps.
- C.
Marking the end of each step with high contrast tape.
- D.
Instructing the patient to take only one step at a time when going up or down.
- 11.An elderly individual who was hospitalizedfor a right CVA with left upper extremity flaccidityand decreased sensation is beginning toexperience sensory return in the left upper extremity.What intervention strategies shouldnow be included in the treatment plan?
- A.
Remedial treatment, such as rubbing or stroking the involved extremity.
- B.
Remedial treatment, such as the use of hot mitts to avoid burns.
- C.
Compensatory treatment, such as testing bathwater with the uninvolved extremity.
- D.
Compensatory treatment, such as using a one-handed cutting board to avoid cutting the insensate hand.
- 12.An elderly individual who ambulates witha walker in the home states he does not likesponge baths and would prefer to resume takingshowers but is afraid of falling. Which of thefollowing should the therapist do FIRST?
- A.
Suggest bathtub bathing instead of showering.
- B.
Encourage the client to purchase a shower chair.
- C.
Demonstrate how using a shower chair improves safety.
- D.
Explain that therapy will boost his confidence level when showering.
- 13.A man with arthritis in his hands is attendingoutpatient OT to learn joint protectiontechniques. He wants to continue his hobby ofneedlepoint, which he does every day duringhis train commute to and from work. Whatadvice should the OT give him regarding hishobby?
- A.
Provide him with needlepoint designs that have a low level of complexity.
- B.
Teach him to take breaks frequently when doing needlepoint and to respect pain.
- C.
Encourage him to take up a different hobby that does not require him to hold small items, such as a needle.
- D.
Recommend he do only small needlepoint projects that can be completed in less than an hour.
- 14.A very confused long-term care facilityresident is frequently found in the rooms ofother residents in the middle of the night.Which of the following environmental adaptationswould MOST effectively preventwandering?
- A.
Apply wrist restraints after the client has fallen asleep.
- B.
Keep hallways clear of obstructions to prevent injury.
- C.
Install an alarm on the client’s door.
- D.
Move the individual’s room close to the nurses’ station.
- 15.In order for an individual sitting in awheelchair to achieve maximal postural positioning,the OT should position the individual’spelvis in what position?
- A.
Moderate posterior tilt.
- B.
Neutral
- C.
Slight anterior tilt.
- D.
Slight posterior tilt.
- 16.An older adult day-care facility has contractedan OT practitioner to develop programmingfor its clients at risk for falls. The BESTtype of program to provide regular group physicalactivity and enhance balance would be:
- A.
Safe-transfer training.
- B.
Walking.
- C.
Tai chi.
- D.
Gardening.
- 17.Which of the following are the MOST appropriateinterventions for the OT to plan intreating a person following a total knee replacement?
- A.
Using range-of-motion and strengthening activities for the upper extremities.
- B.
Providing range-of-motion and strengthening activities for the lower extremities.
- C.
Providing ADL training in use of adaptive techniques for LE dressing and transfers.
- D.
Administering an evaluation of homemaking activities.
- 18.An individual is having difficulty gettingaround her home as a result of low vision. Whatis the MOST appropriate strategy the OT practitionercan recommend to improve accessibility?
- A.
Instruct the individual to sit while performing ADLs.
- B.
Provide strong color contrast at key areas to identify steps, pathways, etc.
- C.
Arrange for another person to provide assistance when moving within the home.
- D.
Recommend training in white cane use for identifying obstacles in the home.
- 19.When evaluating self-care performancewith an individual with functional limitationsin shoulder abduction and external rotation,which of the following is MOST essential forthe OT practitioner to assess?
- A.
Buttoning a shirt.
- B.
Combing the hair.
- C.
Tucking in a shirt in the back.
- D.
Tying a shoe.
- 20.An OT completing a home assessment hasrecommended a hospital bed, lightweightwheelchair, bedside commode, reachers, longhandledsponge, shower chair, and hand-heldshower. The family states they can only affordthe items that can be billed as durable medicalequipment. What should the OT do NEXT?
- A.
Order all of the equipment.
- B.
Order the reacher and long-handled sponge.
- C.
Order the shower chair and hand-held shower.
- D.
Order the lightweight wheelchair and hospital bed.
- 21.An individual presents with a visual impairmentand complains of cloudiness in thelens of the eye, dulling of colors, and overallblurry vision when performing all tasks. Whichof the following is the individual most likelyexperiencing?
- A.
Age-related macular degeneration.
- B.
Glaucoma.
- C.
Diabetic retinopathy.
- D.
Cataracts.
- 22.The director of an assisted living facility hasasked an OT to help them develop a falls preventionprogram. The OT should FIRST:
- A.
Evaluate residents of the facility who have fallen in the past 6 to 12 months.
- B.
Interview facility administration and staff to determine goals for the program.
- C.
Determine how frequently falls occur, how many individuals are affected, and how the problem is currently being addressed.
- D.
Provide the director with a menu of recommendations that will address the problem of falls in the facility and determine a starting point
- 23.An OT practitioner is planning a program toaddress the needs of persons with Alzheimer’sdisease, and their families, as part of a hospitaloutreach program. What area of interventionwould be MOST beneficial to maintainingsafety and supporting function at home forpeople in the moderate to severe stages of Alzheimer’s disease?
- A.
Strength and endurance activities.
- B.
Cognitive rehabilitation techniques.
- C.
Environmental modification.
- D.
Assertiveness skills.
- 24.Which of the following reflects a primarygoal area appropriate for wellness programswith the older adult population?
- A.
Augmenting strength following strokes.
- B.
Increasing overall physical activity levels and fitness.
- C.
Enhancing social interactions for depressed elders.
- D.
Increasing independent performance of ADL and mobility.
- 25.An OT is teaching several older adult individualswith COPD energy conservation techniquesin home-management skills. Followinglearning principles for older adults, the MOSTeffective way to present the information wouldbe to:
- A.
Present all the important principles to be covered together in a single presentation.
- B.
Keep the presentation loosely structured, rather than highly organized.
- C.
Attempt to persuade individuals about the importance of those points on which they do not seem to agree.
- D.
Present important principles in small units that are spaced at a slower than normal pace.
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