.
Sag
Spike
Noise
Blackout
Sag
Spike
Noise
Blackout
Sag
Spike
Noise
Blackout
Passive standby
Line interactive
Double conversion
Ferro resonant standby
Passive standby
Line interactive
Double conversion
Ferro resonant standby
Single
Double
Three
Four
Binary amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, and phase shift keying
Pulse amplitude, pulse width, and pulse position
Amplitude, frequency, and phase
Analog, digital and shift keying
Modulating signal, upper sideband, and lower sideband
Carrier, upper sideband, and lower sideband
Upper sideband and modulating signal
Carrier and modulating signal
Amplitude of the modulating signal
Frequency of the modulating signal
Amplitude of the carrier signal
Frequency of the carrier signal
Percent of modulation
Modulation index
Bandwidth
Deviation
More total power
A reduction in carrier power
No reduction in carrier power
A reduction in carrier and sideband power
Positive half cycle of the carrier
Negative half cycle of the carrier
Positive half cycle of the modulating signal
Negative half cycle of the modulating signal
5
3
0.5
0.3
Space
Guard band
Buffer zone
Prevention field
Easier detection
Smaller bit error rate
Better signal-to-noise ratio
Higher data rates within a given bandwidth
Discrete amplitudes are assigned to the sampling pulses
A binary code number is assigned to the sample
The quantizer limits the amplitude of the pulses
The analog signal is band limited
Converting a continuous time signal into a discrete time signal
Ensuring the input to the sampler never exceeds maximum frequency
Placing an infinite number of amplitude values to a finite number of values
Limiting the highest and lowest frequency encoded before it goes to the sampler
Control
Parity
Start
Stop
One character
Block of data
A parity bit
A stop bit
Parity
Transmission rate
Whether transmission is synchronous or asynchronous
Whether transmission is in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format
Longitudinal redundancy check (LRC) and checksum
Checksum and cyclic redundancy check (CRC)
Vertical redundancy check (VRC) and CRC
VRC and LRC
Receiving end
In the oscillator
Transmitting end
In the primary buffers
White, blue, green, yellow, and violet
Blue, orange, green, brown, and slate
White, red, black, yellow, and violet
Blue, green, yellow, red, and orange
Straight through and crossover
Straight through and flip/flop
High and low baud
“n” and “g”
Positive intrinsic negative and avalanche photodiodes
Repeaters, regenerators, and optical amplifiers
A driver, optical source, and fiber optic pigtail
A light detector and output circuits
10 MHz – 100 MHz/km
100 MHz – 200 MHz/km
200 MHz – 1000 MHz/km
Up to 50 GHz/km
Multimode graded-index fiber
Multimode step index fiber
Unshielded twisted pair
Single mode fiber
Pigtail
Jumper
Patch cord
Breakout cables
Trunks
Frames
Links
Ports
Bridge
Router
Gateway
Repeater
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
Open shortest path first (OSPF)
Border gateway protocol (BGP)
Routing information protocol (RIP)
Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol (EIGRP)
Department of Defense network
Air Force network
Local area network
Public network
Manages data transfer across the tunnel
Encrypts and decrypts data
Establishes tunnels
Encapsulates data