Grade 6 Earth Science Lesson 1 And 2 Vocabulary Quiz

Explanation
Longitude is a geographic coordinate that measures the distance east or west of the prime meridian. It helps to determine the position of a specific location on the Earth's surface in relation to the prime meridian, which runs through Greenwich, England. By using longitude, one can accurately pinpoint the location of a place and understand its position in terms of its east-west orientation.

Explanation
The hydrosphere refers to the part of Earth that contains water, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and even water vapor in the atmosphere. It is responsible for regulating the planet's climate, supporting various ecosystems, and providing a habitat for numerous organisms. The crust, mantle, and lithosphere do not specifically refer to the part of Earth that contains water, making them incorrect choices.

Explanation
The correct answer is Continental drift. Continental drift refers to the theory that suggests that the continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea and have since moved to their current positions on the Earth's surface. This theory was proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century and was later developed into the concept of plate tectonics. Continental drift explains the similarities in fossils, rocks, and geological features found on different continents and provides a framework for understanding the movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates.

Explanation
Elevation refers to the height above or below sea level. It is a measure of the vertical distance between a point on the Earth's surface and the reference point of sea level. Elevation is used to describe the height of mountains, hills, valleys, and other landforms. It is an important factor in determining climate, weather patterns, and the distribution of plant and animal life.

Explanation
The crust is the correct answer because it is described as Earth's solid, rocky surface that is thin, rigid, and varies in thickness from 6 to 70 km. The mantle is the layer beneath the crust, the lithosphere refers to the rigid outer part of the Earth, and the core is the central part of the Earth. None of these options match the description given, making crust the correct answer.

Explanation
The core is the correct answer because it is located beneath the mantle and is made up of two parts, the inner core and the outer core. The core is the central part of the Earth and is primarily composed of iron and nickel. It plays a crucial role in the Earth's magnetic field and is responsible for generating the Earth's heat.

Explanation
Plate tectonics is the correct answer because it refers to the theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small plates that are constantly moving. These plates interact at their boundaries, causing various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges. Plate tectonics explains the movement and interaction of these plates, providing a comprehensive understanding of Earth's dynamic processes and the distribution of landforms and geological features across the planet.

Explanation
Magma is the correct answer because it refers to hot, fluid rock in the mantle. Magma is formed when the temperature and pressure of the rock in the mantle cause it to melt and become a liquid. This molten rock can then rise to the surface and erupt as lava, creating volcanic activity. Magma is an important component of plate tectonics and seafloor spreading, as it is responsible for the movement and creation of new crustal plates. The core, on the other hand, refers to the central part of the Earth, and is not directly related to hot, fluid rock in the mantle.

Explanation
Latitude is the correct answer because it refers to the measurement that shows the location of a place north or south of the equator. It is measured in degrees and ranges from 0° at the equator to 90° at the poles. Longitude, on the other hand, measures the location east or west of the prime meridian. Elevation refers to the height of a location above sea level, and the hydrosphere refers to all the water on Earth's surface.

Explanation
The lithosphere is the correct answer because it consists of both the crust and the rigid part of the mantle. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, while the rigid part of the mantle lies beneath the crust. Together, these two components make up the lithosphere, which is the solid, outermost layer of the Earth's surface. The core, on the other hand, is located deep within the Earth and is not part of the lithosphere.

Explanation
The mantle is the layer beneath the crust. It is located between the crust and the core of the Earth. The mantle is composed of solid rock, but it is capable of flowing slowly over long periods of time. It is the largest layer of the Earth and plays a crucial role in the movement of tectonic plates and the formation of volcanoes and earthquakes. The mantle also contains a portion called the asthenosphere, which is partially molten and allows for the movement of the tectonic plates.

Explanation
Seafloor spreading is the correct answer because it accurately describes the process where magma continues to flow between the plates, forcing them further apart. This process occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed as the plates move away from each other. As the magma rises and solidifies, it creates new seafloor, causing the plates to spread apart. This process is a key component of plate tectonics and helps to explain the movement and formation of Earth's crust.