1.
“Tutti gli adolescenti amano il cioccolato. Chi scia ama il cioccolato. Laura scia.” Se le precedenti affermazioni sono vere, quale delle seguenti non è necessariamente vera?
Correct Answer
E. E. Laura è un adolescente
Explanation
If all teenagers love chocolate and Laura loves skiing, it does not necessarily mean that Laura is a teenager. Therefore, the statement "E. Laura is a teenager" is not necessarily true based on the given information.
2.
Un otorino visita 10 pazienti in 3 ore. In un giorno particolarmente affollato l’otorino si fa aiutare da una giovane neolaureata che visita 5 pazienti in 2 ore. In 45 minuti quanti pazienti vengono visitati, considerando che li visitano contemporaneamente, ma separatamente?
Correct Answer
E. E. 3
Explanation
The otorino visits 10 patients in 3 hours, which means they visit approximately 3.33 patients per hour. The neolaureata visits 5 patients in 2 hours, which means she visits 2.5 patients per hour. When they work together for 45 minutes, the otorino would have visited approximately 2.5 patients (3.33 patients per hour * 0.75 hours), and the neolaureata would have visited approximately 1.875 patients (2.5 patients per hour * 0.75 hours). Therefore, in total, they would have visited approximately 4.375 patients, which rounds down to 4 patients. However, since they visit the patients separately, the maximum number of patients that can be visited is 3.
3.
Giulia deve comprare dei libri per l’università. Si sa che il libro di istologia costa 15£ in più di quello di fisica, il quale costa i 1/3 di quello di chimica, che costa 60£. Come ultima cosa deve comprare anche l’atlante di anatomia, che costa iltriplo del costo totale dei libri di fisica e chimica. Quanto spende in totale Giulia?
Correct Answer
A. A. 355
Explanation
Giulia spends a total of £355. The cost of the book on histology is £15 more than the book on physics. The book on physics costs 1/3 of the book on chemistry, which costs £60. The total cost of the books on physics and chemistry is therefore £60 + (£60/3) = £80. The atlas of anatomy costs three times the total cost of the books on physics and chemistry, which is £80 * 3 = £240. Finally, adding the cost of the book on histology (£240 + £15 = £255) to the total cost of the books on physics and chemistry gives us £255 + £80 = £335. Therefore, Giulia spends a total of £355.
4.
Data l’espressione “in Tanzania nessun animale non è estinto”, quale delle seguenti affermazioni è necessariamente vera?
Correct Answer
C. C. In Tanzania non potrò mai trovare un gatto non estinto
Explanation
The correct answer is C because the statement "in Tanzania nessun animale non è estinto" means "in Tanzania no animal is not extinct." Therefore, it implies that there are no non-extinct animals in Tanzania, including cats (gatti).
5.
In un motel malfamato il proprietario ha deciso di segnare il numero di omicidi commessi ogni anno, divisi in due categorie: omicidi di persone che soggiornavano nel motel e omicidi di persone che non soggiornavano nel motel ma avvenuti tra le mura dello stesso. Quale delle seguenti affermazioni non è corretta?
Correct Answer
D. D. Dal 2002 al 2003, il numero totale di omicidi è diminuito del 40%
Explanation
The correct answer is D because it states that the total number of murders decreased by 40% from 2002 to 2003. This means that there were fewer murders in 2003 compared to 2002, contradicting the statement in option A that the total number of murders increased every year between 2000 and 2002.
6.
In ognuna delle cinque cucine di una catena di ristoranti ci sono cinque chef e almeno due maître. È dunque possibile dedurre che:
Correct Answer
E. E. Gli chef sono al massimo i 5/2 dei maître
Explanation
Given that in each of the five kitchens there are five chefs and at least two maîtres, we can deduce that the maximum number of chefs is 5 times 5, which equals 25. Therefore, the answer E, which states that the chefs are at most 5/2 of the maîtres, is correct.
7.
Quale tra le seguenti coppie ditermini completa logicamente la seguente proporzione verbale:
ferrista : X = Y : archi
Correct Answer
D. D. X = infermiere; Y = violoncello
Explanation
The given proportion "ferrista : X = Y : archi" suggests a relationship between the first term "ferrista" and the second term "X" and a relationship between the third term "Y" and "archi". The correct answer, option D, "X = infermiere; Y = violoncello" makes logical sense because an "infermiere" (nurse) is a profession related to healthcare, just like a "ferrista" (ironworker) is a profession related to metalwork. Similarly, a "violoncello" (cello) is a musical instrument, just like "archi" (bows) are used to play string instruments. Thus, the logical completion of the proportion is "ferrista : infermiere = violoncello : archi".
8.
In un centro commerciale si trovano 26 ristoranti. Si sa che tra questi ce ne sono 4 che cucinano un mix di 3 cucine diverse: italiana, cinese e sudamericana. 8 ristoranti servono cucina sia italiana che sudamericana e 7 servono sia cibo cinese e sudamericano. Vi sono inoltre 6 ristoranti che servono solo cucina cinese e 10 che servono cucina italiana. Nessun ristorante propone una cucina esclusivamente italo–cinese. Quanti ristoranti servono solo cucina sudamericana?
Correct Answer
D. D. 7
Explanation
There are a total of 26 restaurants in the shopping center. Among these, 4 restaurants serve a mix of 3 different cuisines: Italian, Chinese, and South American. 8 restaurants serve both Italian and South American cuisine, and 7 restaurants serve both Chinese and South American cuisine. There are also 6 restaurants that serve only Chinese cuisine and 10 that serve only Italian cuisine. Since no restaurant serves exclusively Italian-Chinese cuisine, the remaining restaurants that serve only South American cuisine can be calculated by subtracting the total number of restaurants serving Italian and South American cuisine (8) and the total number of restaurants serving Chinese and South American cuisine (7) from the total number of restaurants serving Italian (10) and Chinese (6) cuisine. Therefore, the answer is 7.
9.
Quale termine non segue la stessa logica degli altri quattro?
Correct Answer
E. E. Mangiare
Explanation
The term "mangiare" is the only one that does not follow the logic of the other four terms. The first four terms (sicurezza, tessitore, annodare, drogheria) are all related to specific actions or professions, while "mangiare" is a more general term that refers to the act of eating.
10.
Le spese di pubblicità pesano molto sui costi complessivi di produzione e dunque anche sul prezzo dei beni, una volta che questi raggiungono il pubblico. C’è un particolare risentimento pubblico per le pubblicità di massa tra marchi rivali di prodotti come detergenti e alimenti, che molte persone sospettano essere così simili nelle proprie caratteristiche da essere virtualmente indistinguibili, se non per la loro diversa confezione. Gran parte dell’enorme somma di denaro investita in pubblicità potrebbe essere utilizzata in modo più fruttuoso per abbassare i prezzi. In conclusione, la pubblicità danneggia il consumatore. Quale delle seguenti affermazioni, se considerata vera, indebolisce l’argomentazione precedente?
Correct Answer
B. B. La pubblicità, aumentando la concorrenza, porta ad un complessivo miglioramento della qualità dei prodotti
Explanation
The given argument states that advertising harms consumers because it adds to the overall production costs and therefore increases the price of goods. It also suggests that rival brands of products, such as detergents and foods, are often perceived as being virtually indistinguishable except for their packaging, leading to resentment towards mass advertising. The correct answer, option B, weakens this argument by stating that advertising increases competition, which in turn leads to an overall improvement in the quality of products. This implies that advertising has a positive impact on consumers by encouraging brands to enhance their products to stand out in the market.
11.
Per quale scoperta fu premiato Camillo Golgi con il premio Nobel per la medicina nel 1906?
Correct Answer
E. E. Per il suo lavoro sul sistema nervoso
Explanation
Camillo Golgi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1906 for his work on the nervous system. This implies that his research and discoveries in this field were considered significant and groundbreaking by the scientific community.
12.
L’indice glicemico di un alimento:
Correct Answer
A. A. Indica la velocità con cui aumenta la glicemia in seguito all’assunzione
Explanation
The correct answer is A because the glycemic index of a food indicates the speed at which it increases blood glucose levels after consumption. This means that foods with a high glycemic index will cause a rapid increase in blood sugar levels, while foods with a low glycemic index will cause a slower and more gradual increase.
13.
Prima di invadere la Polonia, oltre ad assicurarsi l'alleanza italiana, Hitler strinse un patto di non aggressione con un altro Paese. Si trattava:
Correct Answer
D. D. Della Russia
Explanation
Before invading Poland, Hitler made a non-aggression pact with Russia. This pact, known as the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, was signed in August 1939 and allowed Hitler to invade Poland without fear of Soviet intervention. The pact also included a secret protocol that divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence between Germany and the Soviet Union. This pact provided Hitler with a strategic advantage and allowed him to focus on his plans for expansion in Western Europe without having to worry about a two-front war.
14.
La sede della Corte Costituzionale a Roma è:
Correct Answer
B. B. Palazzo della Consulta
Explanation
The correct answer is B. Palazzo della Consulta. The Palazzo della Consulta is the seat of the Italian Constitutional Court, also known as the Corte Costituzionale. It is located in Rome, Italy.
15.
Secondo la filosofia marxista, a cosa corrisponde il concetto di“plusvalore”?
Correct Answer
E. E. La differenza tra il prezzo del prodotto del lavoro e la remunerazione del lavoratore per aver svolto quel lavoro
Explanation
The concept of "plusvalore" in Marxist philosophy refers to the difference between the price of the product of labor and the remuneration of the worker for having performed that work. This means that the worker's labor is exploited by the capitalist, as the value they contribute to the production process exceeds the wages they receive. This concept highlights the unequal power dynamics and exploitation within capitalist systems.
16.
Il tasso di inflazione:
Correct Answer
A. A. È la variazione percentuale del livello dei prezzi in un periodo di tempo determinato, rispetto ad un uguale periodo precedente
Explanation
The correct answer is A. It states that the inflation rate is the percentage change in the level of prices over a specific period of time compared to the same period in the past. This definition accurately describes the concept of inflation, which refers to the general increase in prices and decrease in the purchasing power of money over time. By comparing the price level in a given period to a previous period, the inflation rate can be calculated and used to measure the rate of price increase in an economy.
17.
Nel 1993 un importante uomo politico italiano,travolto dalle inchieste di "Mani pulite", rimette il suo mandato di segretario del Psi; di chi si tratta?
Correct Answer
D. D. Craxi
Explanation
In 1993, an important Italian politician resigned as the secretary of the PSI (Italian Socialist Party) due to the investigations of "Clean Hands" (Mani pulite). This politician is Bettino Craxi.
18.
L'ETA:
Correct Answer
A. A. Rivendica l'indipendenza e la separazione dei Paesi Baschi dalla monarchia centrale
Explanation
The correct answer is A. This is because the statement "Rivendica l'indipendenza e la separazione dei Paesi Baschi dalla monarchia centrale" translates to "Claims independence and separation of the Basque Country from the central monarchy." This indicates that L'ETA is a group that advocates for the independence and separation of the Basque Country from the central monarchy.
19.
Dove si trova il Gran Sasso?
Correct Answer
D. D. Abruzzo
Explanation
The correct answer is D. Abruzzo. The Gran Sasso is located in the region of Abruzzo in Italy. It is a mountain range in the central part of the country and is part of the larger Apennine Mountains. The Gran Sasso is known for its beautiful landscapes and is a popular destination for hiking and outdoor activities.
20.
Chi è l'autore/autrice del romanzo "La luna e i falò”?
Correct Answer
A. A. Cesare Pavese
Explanation
The correct answer is A. Cesare Pavese. Cesare Pavese is the author of the novel "La luna e i falò".
21.
Per sconfiggere quale malattia fu sviluppato il primo vaccino?
Correct Answer
C. C. Vaiolo
Explanation
Il primo vaccino fu sviluppato per combattere il vaiolo. Il vaiolo era una malattia altamente contagiosa e mortale che ha ucciso milioni di persone nel corso della storia. Il vaccino contro il vaiolo è stato sviluppato da Edward Jenner nel 1796, utilizzando il virus della vaccinia, una forma meno pericolosa del vaiolo bovino, per immunizzare le persone contro il vaiolo umano. Questo è stato un importante passo avanti nella storia della medicina, poiché ha dimostrato per la prima volta che la vaccinazione poteva essere utilizzata per prevenire malattie infettive.
22.
Quale fu il presidente americano coinvolto nello scandalo Watergate?
Correct Answer
D. D. Richard Nixon
Explanation
Richard Nixon was the president of the United States who was involved in the Watergate scandal. The Watergate scandal was a political scandal in the 1970s that involved the illegal activities of the Nixon administration, including the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters. Nixon's involvement in the cover-up of these activities ultimately led to his resignation as president in 1974.
23.
Indicare quale/i delle seguenti affermazioni riguardo alla catena di trasporto degli elettroni
è/sono esatta/e:
I. Nelle emazie non avviene;
II. L’ossigeno rappresenta l’accettore finale dei protoni;
III. Vi sono implicati quattro complessi lipidici che funzionano da trasportatori di elettroni.
Correct Answer
A. A. Solo la I
Explanation
The correct answer is A. Only statement I is correct. The statement I states that electron transport chain does not occur in erythrocytes, which is true. Erythrocytes do not have mitochondria, which is where the electron transport chain takes place. Statement II is incorrect because oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons, not protons. Statement III is also incorrect because there are five complexes involved in the electron transport chain, not four. Therefore, only statement I is correct.
24.
Indicare quale delle seguenti affermazioni riguardanti i microtubuli è errata:
Correct Answer
D. D. Sono i più piccoli tra i tre filamenti proteici del citoscheletro
Explanation
The correct answer is D. Sono i più piccoli tra i tre filamenti proteici del citoscheletro. This statement is incorrect because microtubules are actually the largest of the three protein filaments in the cytoskeleton. The other two filaments are actin filaments and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are hollow cylindrical structures made up of tubulin proteins and play important roles in cell division, cell shape, and intracellular transport.
25.
Se una persona assume una sostanza chimica che porta all’inibizione totale ed irreversibile di
tutti i citocromi, portando così ad un blocco delle reazioni di ossidoriduzione a livello della catena
di trasporto degli elettroni, quale dei seguenti eventi si verificherà?
Correct Answer
C. C. L’individuo andrà incontro a morte per mancanza di ATP
Explanation
If a person takes a chemical substance that leads to the total and irreversible inhibition of all cytochromes, resulting in a blockage of the redox reactions at the level of the electron transport chain, the individual will eventually die due to a lack of ATP. ATP is the main energy source for cellular processes, and without it, the individual's cells will not be able to carry out essential functions, leading to death.
26.
In una cellula con assetto cromosomico 2n = 46, quanti cromatidi fratelli ci sono in metafase?
Correct Answer
C. C. 92
Explanation
In a cell with a chromosomal arrangement of 2n = 46, there are 46 chromosomes in total. During metaphase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids, which are identical copies of each other. Therefore, there are 46 pairs of sister chromatids, resulting in a total of 92 chromatids in metaphase.
27.
Nella condizione di stress detta “fight or flight” o “attacco o fuga”, quale dei seguenti muscoli
sicuramente NON si contrae?
Correct Answer
C. C. Muscolo sfintere della pupilla
Explanation
In the "fight or flight" stress response, the muscles in the body prepare for action. The muscles that contract during this response are the ones involved in movement and increased physical activity. The dilator muscle of the pupil, the diaphragm, the sartorius muscle, and the external intercostal muscles are all involved in movement and would therefore contract during the stress response. However, the sphincter muscle of the pupil is responsible for constricting the pupil, not for movement, so it would not contract during the stress response.
28.
Indicare la/le associazione/i“cellula-funzione” errata/e:
I. Macrofagi – attività fagocitaria per resistere ai batteri e distruggere le cellule tumorali;
II. Reticolociti – sono i precursori delle piastrine, le quali partecipano alla coagulazione del sangue;
III. Osteoclasti – degradano la matrice ossea favorendo il riassorbimento dell’osso.
Correct Answer
C. C. Solo la II
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Only II. The statement that is incorrect is II. Reticulocytes are not the precursors of platelets, but rather the precursors of red blood cells. Platelets are formed from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
29.
Con potenziale d’azione si intende la risposta stereotipata che ha la cellula quando riceve uno
stimolo sopra soglia. Quale di queste affermazioni è esatta?
Correct Answer
B. B. Esiste una fase di refrattarietà relativa che coincide con la fase di iperpolarizzazione
Explanation
The correct answer is B because it states that there is a relative refractory period that coincides with the hyperpolarization phase. This is accurate because during the hyperpolarization phase, the cell becomes more negative than its resting membrane potential, making it less likely to generate another action potential. This refractory period allows the cell to recover and reset before it can respond to another stimulus.
30.
Quale tra i seguenti tipi di linfociti non appartiene all’immunità adattativa?
Correct Answer
C. C. Linfociti Natural Killer
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Linfociti Natural Killer. Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte that belongs to the innate immune system, not the adaptive immune system. Unlike T helper cells (A), CD8+ cells (B), and B cells (D), which are all involved in the adaptive immune response, NK cells are part of the innate immune response and play a role in killing infected or cancerous cells. Therefore, they do not belong to the adaptive immune system. The answer E, "Nessuno" (None), is incorrect as there is a specific type of lymphocyte that does not belong to the adaptive immune system, which is the NK cells.
31.
A seguito della fecondazione della cellula uovo, quale delle seguenti condizioni non si verifica?
Correct Answer
C. C. La gastrula dà origine alla blastula
Explanation
After the fertilization of the egg cell, the gastrula does not give rise to the blastula. Instead, the blastula is formed directly from the fertilized egg cell. The gastrula is a stage in embryonic development that occurs after the blastula stage. During gastrulation, the blastula undergoes complex rearrangements and cell movements to form the three germ layers - ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Therefore, option C is incorrect as the gastrula does not give rise to the blastula.
32.
Quale dei seguenti eventi non si verifica nel corso di una divisione cellulare riduzionale?
Correct Answer
C. C. Separazione dei cromatidi fratelli
Explanation
Durante una divisione cellulare riduzionale, i cromatidi fratelli rimangono uniti e non si separano. La separazione dei cromatidi fratelli avviene invece durante una divisione cellulare equazionale, che è diversa dalla divisione cellulare riduzionale. Durante la divisione cellulare riduzionale, gli omologhi si appaiano, il fuso si forma, le tetradi si formano e l'involucro nucleare si ricompone.
33.
Confrontando l’attività della mioglobina con quella dell’emoglobina è possibile affermare che:
Correct Answer
E. E. L’emoglobina è una proteina a struttura quaternaria con cinetica allosterica
Explanation
The correct answer states that hemoglobin is a quaternary structured protein with allosteric kinetics. This means that hemoglobin is composed of multiple subunits and its activity is regulated by the binding of molecules at sites other than the active site. This is true as hemoglobin is composed of four subunits and its oxygen binding affinity is regulated by factors such as pH and carbon dioxide levels.
34.
In ambito cardiologico esistono delle aritmie cardiache causate da un’alterata conduzione
dell’impulso a livello del miocardio specifico. Una di queste alterazioni elettriche cardiache prende
il nome di“blocco di branca”, disturbo dovuto ad un’alterata conduzione dell’impulso a livello delle
branche ventricolari (destra e sinistra).
Come maitale disturbo è più frequente nella settore cardiaco destro (blocco di branca destro)
piuttosto che nel settore sinistro (blocco di branca sinistro)?
Correct Answer
B. B. Perché le branche sinistre sono due, la branca destra è solo una
Explanation
The correct answer is B because the left ventricle has two branches (left anterior descending and left circumflex), while the right ventricle has only one branch (right bundle branch). This difference in the number of branches can lead to a higher frequency of right bundle branch block compared to left bundle branch block in cardiac disorders.
35.
Data la seguente sequenza di RNA, se nel sito P del ribosoma è posizionato un tRNA con
anticodone GUA, qual è l’anticodone del nuovo tRNA che si sta legando nel sito A?
AUC AUU CGC UAC UAG CGG
Correct Answer
E. E. Nessuno dei precedenti
Explanation
The question asks for the anticodon of the new tRNA that is binding in the A site of the ribosome, given that a tRNA with the anticodon GUA is already in the P site. However, none of the options provided (AUC, UAC, GAU, CUA) match the anticodon GUA. Therefore, the correct answer is E. Nessuno dei precedenti (None of the above).
36.
Francesca, figliola di due portatori sani di una grave malattia autosomica recessiva che ella non
manifesta, aspetta un figlio da Paolo, portatore sano. Qual è la probabilità che il nascituro sia un
maschio e non sia affetto dalla malattia?
Correct Answer
E. E. 2/3
Explanation
Francesca is a carrier of a recessive autosomal disease but does not show any symptoms. Paolo is also a carrier of the disease. Since the disease is recessive, both parents need to pass on the disease allele for the child to be affected. The probability of the child being a carrier but not affected by the disease is 2/3 because there are three possible outcomes: the child can be a carrier and unaffected, a carrier and affected, or not a carrier at all. Since the child cannot be affected if it is not a carrier, the probability of being a carrier and unaffected is 2/3.
37.
Catia, una donna di 60 anni, è affetta da emofilia, una malattia x-linked recessiva. Suo figlio
Leonardo sposa una donna, Letizia, il cui padre è emofiliaco, mentre la madre è sana. Con che
probabilità Leonardo e Letizia avranno un figlio maschio e malato?
Correct Answer
A. A. 25%
Explanation
Leonardo and Letizia both carry the hemophilia gene, as Leonardo's mother is a carrier and Letizia's father is affected by hemophilia. Since hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disease, there is a 50% chance that Leonardo and Letizia will have a son who inherits the hemophilia gene from either of them. However, there is also a 50% chance that their son will inherit a healthy X chromosome from either of them. Therefore, the probability of Leonardo and Letizia having a male child who is affected by hemophilia is 25%.
38.
Quale/itra i seguenti enzimi non è/sono polimerasi?
I. DNA ligasi;
II. Trascrittasi inversa;
III. Telomerasi;
IV. Topoisomerasi.
Correct Answer
E. E. I, IV
Explanation
The correct answer is E. I, IV. DNA ligase and topoisomerase are not polymerases. DNA ligase is an enzyme that is responsible for joining the ends of DNA strands together, while topoisomerase is involved in the regulation of DNA supercoiling. Trascrittasi inversa (reverse transcriptase) and telomerase are both examples of polymerases. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template, while telomerase is responsible for extending the ends of chromosomes by adding repetitive nucleotide sequences.
39.
La fase luminosa della fotosintesi:
Correct Answer
D. D. Prevede lo spostamento di elettroni tramite un sistema redox
Explanation
The correct answer is D because the phase of photosynthesis known as the light-dependent reactions involves the movement of electrons through a series of redox reactions. During this phase, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts, which excites electrons. These excited electrons are then passed along a series of electron carriers, creating a flow of electrons that generates ATP and NADPH, which are used in the subsequent phase of photosynthesis. This movement of electrons through a series of redox reactions is essential for the production of energy-rich molecules in the form of ATP and NADPH.
40.
Tra le funzioni della membrana citoplasmatica degli organismi pluricellulari c’è la trasduzione
dei segnali derivanti dai recettori che legano molecole specifiche per la comunicazione tra cellule.
Quale affermazione è esatta?
Correct Answer
D. D. I recettori intracellulari sono fattori di trascrizione
Explanation
The correct answer states that intracellular receptors are transcription factors. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and regulate the transcription of genes. They play a crucial role in gene expression and control various cellular processes. Intracellular receptors, such as nuclear receptors, are a type of transcription factor that can directly bind to DNA and regulate gene transcription. This statement accurately describes the function of intracellular receptors.
41.
Un elemento X forma un legame ionico con lo iodio, formando il composto XI. Calcola il PM e
determina il nome dell’elemento X, sapendo che 225 g di XI formano 1,5 mol.
[I = 127 g/mol]
Correct Answer
A. A. PM = 23, l’elemento è Na
Explanation
The molar mass of the compound XI can be calculated by dividing the given mass (225 g) by the number of moles (1.5 mol). This gives a molar mass of 150 g/mol. Since the compound is formed by the element X and iodine (I = 127 g/mol), the molar mass of element X can be found by subtracting the molar mass of iodine from the molar mass of the compound. Therefore, the molar mass of element X is 150 g/mol - 127 g/mol = 23 g/mol. The element with a molar mass of 23 g/mol is sodium (Na).
42.
Indicare quale/i affermazione/i è/sono errata/e:
I. L’energia cinetica delle particelle è massima allo stato gassoso;
II. Nello stato liquido le forze che tengono le particelle vicine sono le più forti rispetto agli altri
stati;
III. Nello stato liquido se aumenta la T aumenta anche l’energia cinetica delle particelle e
aumentano le forze intermolecolari che tendono a far tenere le particelle vicine.
Correct Answer
C. C. II e III
Explanation
The correct answer is C. II e III. This means that statements II and III are incorrect. Statement II states that in the liquid state, the forces that hold particles close together are stronger compared to other states, which is incorrect. In reality, the intermolecular forces in the solid state are stronger than in the liquid state. Statement III states that in the liquid state, if the temperature increases, both the kinetic energy of the particles and the intermolecular forces that hold the particles close together increase. However, in reality, only the kinetic energy of the particles increases with an increase in temperature, not the intermolecular forces.
43.
Data la reazione (a) MgF2 + (b) SiO2 + (c) H2SO4 → (d) MgSO4 + (e) SiF4 + (f) H2O è giusto
affermare che:
Correct Answer
D. D. Il coefficiente stechiometrico di (f) è 2
Explanation
The correct answer is D. Il coefficiente stechiometrico di (f) è 2. This means that the stoichiometric coefficient of (f) in the balanced chemical equation is 2.
44.
In un circuito elettrico ci sono quattro capacità di cui C1 = 2 F, C2 = 3 F, C3 = 4 F sono poste in
serie tra di loro, e C4 = 1 F è posta in parallelo con C2. Calcolare la capacità totale.
Correct Answer
C. C. 1 F
Explanation
The total capacitance in a series circuit is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances. In this case, the total capacitance is equal to 1/(1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4) = 1 F.
45.
Quale delle seguenti opzioni sugli elettrofili è corretta?
Correct Answer
C. C. Possono essere carbocationi
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Possono essere carbocationi. Carbocations are electron-deficient species that have a positively charged carbon atom. They are often formed as reactive intermediates in organic reactions. Electrophiles are electron-deficient species that are attracted to electron-rich species, such as nucleophiles. While carbocations can be electrophiles, not all electrophiles are carbocations. Therefore, option C is the correct statement about electrophiles.
46.
Bilancia la seguente reazione e calcola quanti grammi di H2O si ottengono facendo reagire 0.5
mol di ossido di alluminio:
Al2O3 + H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + H2
Correct Answer
B. B. 27
Explanation
The balanced equation for the reaction is Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O. From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of Al2O3, 3 moles of H2O are produced. Therefore, if 0.5 moles of Al2O3 are reacted, we can calculate the amount of H2O produced by multiplying 0.5 moles by the molar ratio of H2O to Al2O3, which is 3:1. This gives us 1.5 moles of H2O. To convert moles to grams, we need to multiply by the molar mass of H2O, which is 18 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of H2O produced is 1.5 moles x 18 g/mol = 27 g.
47.
Quale delle seguenti NON è un acido di Arrhenius:
Correct Answer
E. E. Nessuna delle precedenti
Explanation
The correct answer is E. Nessuna delle precedenti. This means that none of the options listed (HCl, HNO3, CH3COOH, HBr) are not Arrhenius acids. Arrhenius acids are substances that ionize in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+). HCl, HNO3, CH3COOH, and HBr all ionize in water to produce H+ ions, making them Arrhenius acids. Therefore, the correct answer is E. None of the above.
48.
Una soluzione di volume pari a 500 ml contiene 0,005 moli di acido forte HX (con X
appartenente al VII gruppo). A questa soluzione vengono addizionati 4500 ml di acqua. Quanto è la
differenza di pH fra la soluzione iniziale e la soluzione finale?
Correct Answer
A. A. 1
Explanation
The difference in pH between the initial and final solution can be determined by calculating the concentration of HX in both solutions. Since the initial solution has a volume of 500 ml and contains 0.005 moles of HX, the concentration of HX is 0.01 M. When 4500 ml of water is added to the solution, the total volume becomes 5000 ml. Since the moles of HX remain the same, the concentration of HX in the final solution is 0.005/5 = 0.001 M. The difference in pH can be calculated using the formula pH = -log[H+]. Taking the negative logarithm of the initial concentration (0.01 M) gives a pH of 2, and taking the negative logarithm of the final concentration (0.001 M) gives a pH of 3. Therefore, the difference in pH between the initial and final solution is 3 - 2 = 1.
49.
Quale di questi composti non contiene un gruppo carbonilico?
Correct Answer
C. C. Dietiletere
Explanation
The compound that does not contain a carbonyl group is C. Dietiletere. This is because a carbonyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. Glicina, Anidride acetica, Acido ossalico, and Formammide all contain carbonyl groups in their chemical structures. However, Dietiletere does not have a carbonyl group in its structure, making it the correct answer.
50.
Quanti atomi di ossigeno sono presenti in 200 g di acido fosforico?
[P=31 u, O=16 u, H=1]
Correct Answer
C. C. 4,8 x 1024
Explanation
The molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is 98 g/mol. To find the number of moles in 200 g of phosphoric acid, we divide the mass by the molar mass: 200 g / 98 g/mol = 2.04 mol. Since there is 1 oxygen atom in each molecule of phosphoric acid, the number of oxygen atoms in 200 g of phosphoric acid is equal to the number of moles multiplied by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23): 2.04 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 = 1.227 x 10^24. Therefore, the correct answer is C. 4.8 x 10^24.