>1g
Potassium increases
Potassium decreases
Potassium increases at first and decreases later
Potassium changes
None of the above are correct
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Clinical sensitivity
Analytical specificity
Analytical sensitivity
Clinical specificity
GGT, ALP, indirect bilirubin
GGT, ALP, direct bilirubin
Na+ is the most present cation extracellularly
Cl-is the most present anion intracellularly
Pr- proteins are the most present intracellular anions
X
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True
False
16
11
13
9
Bacterial infection
Liver disease
Intoxication
Formalin embedded tissues
Feces
Hair
Serum
All of the above
Muscle activity
Pregnancy
EDTA does not damage small molecules
EDTA is the most used in complete blood count
Heparin is used in the analysis of sedimentation rate
EDTA is most used in coagulation tests
EDTA - purple cup
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EQC uses unkown samples
IQC uses known samples
IQC is performed only in a single lab
LDL >140, Uric acid
Fibrinogen...e tc
TG...
Decrease in ammonia
Ketones in urine
Bilirubin in urine
Decrease in cholinesterases
Cystatin C is affected by muscle mass
Creatinine is secreted by the proximal tube
Calcitriol and trimethoprim block creatinine clearance
Creatinin clearance decreases during pregnancy
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The selected target region of the genome
The size of the analytical panel
The number of reads that covered each sequenced nucleotide
The mean of the reads of the entire target region
Calcinuria measured in 24hr urine
Ketonuria measured in 24hr urine
Hemaglobinuria is prerenal proteinuria
Myogloniuria is prerenal proteinuria
Other
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PCR and digestion with restriction enzymes
Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay (OLA)
Dot-Blot analysis
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
Amplification-Refractory Mutation System (ARMS)
Pool several samples
...obtain a better coverage during the sequencing process
...sequence the read 1 and the read 2
...have a complementary region to sequencing primers
None of the above
1
2
4
0
3
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Is based on creatinine clearance and other factors (age, weight, ethnicity...)
X
X
X
20
55
65
10
30
DNA polymerase I
RNAse
Uracyl-N-glycosilase
Ligase
DNAse
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Lucifero chain termination
Dye chain termination
Pyrosequencing approach
Massive parallel sequencing
None of the above
None of the above
Sanger sequencing
Sanger approach and third generation sequencing
Third generation sequencing
Next generation sequencing (NGS)
No system has the described features
Only paternal mutation
Both paternal and maternal mutations
Only maternal mutation
Glycoprotein in urinary mucus
Urokinase in distal tube
Glutamyltranspeptidase in proximal tube
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13
160
10
140
PNA
MPSF
MAPH
PH 5.5, Mg and ammonia crystals
PH 7.35, Mg and ammonia crystals
Ammonia crystals
A
C
B
None of the above are correct
The antigen is labeled
The second antibody is labelled
Both antibodies are labeled
Both the antigen and the second antibody are labeled
The first antibody is labeled
LDL
VLDL
HDL
Chylomicrons
IDL
Decrease of alfa1--‐antitrypsin
Increase in transferin
Decrease in prealbumin
Decrease of haptoblobin
Increase in the C reactive protein
Identification of known mutations
DNA cutting
Identification of deletions
Identification of unknown mutations
DNA sequencing
Physical exercise does not introduce any modification in the concentration of blood constituents
Upright position during blood collection induces some hemoconcentration
Gender, age and life habits are factors that introduce biologic variation
Direct light exposure may damage the blood samples
Shaking vigorously the blood sample is necessary to avoid coagulation.
90%
99%
100%
95%
97.5%
Bias .+ imprecision
Analytic variation + intra‐individual biologic variation
Intra‐individual biologic variation + inter‐individual biologic variation
Analytic variation + intra-individual biologic variation + inter-individual biologic variation
Analytic variation+ inter‐individual biologic variation
Four beta chains
Two alfa and two epsilon chains
Two alfa and two delta chains
Two alfa and two gamma chains
Two alfa and two beta chains
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The diet composition does not influence uric acid plasmatic concentration
Plasma uric acid is typically lower in males
Alloopurinol treatment Causes hyperuricemia
A congenital HPRT {Hypoxantine phosphoribosil transferase} deficiency cause very high plasmatic uric acid concentrations
Uric acid is catabolyzed mainly by the liver
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100 - 125 mg/dL
>5.5 mmol/L
= or > 126mg/dL
= or > 140mg/dL
μmol of substrate transformed in a second per liter of serum
μmol of substrate transformed in a minute per liter of serum
All of the above
To establish the uncertainty in a laboratory result
To determine that a method is adequate for clinical requirements
To ensure that regulatory requirements are met
To establish the trueness of the laboratory results
To verify that a method is performing as expected for its stable operating condition
Thyroid C cells
Parathyroid gland
Liver
Intestine
Kidneys
A curve that passes close to the top left‐hand corner
A curve that has a slope of 1
A curve that is close to the diagonal
A curve that passes close top the bottom right/hand corner
None of the above, ROC curve is not a means to evaluate the performance of a diagnostic test.
Primary polydipsia
Diabetes mielitus with extreme hyperglycemia
Syndrome of extreme antidiuresis (excess ADH)
Edematous states such as congestive heart failure
Renal fluid and electrolyte losses
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