Science Review 2nd Period

Explanation
The statement is false because tobacco, caffeine, and alcohol are not illegal drugs. While they can have negative health effects and may be regulated or restricted in some contexts, they are legal substances that are widely available and consumed by many people.

Explanation
The statement is false because heroin, cocaine, and ecstasy are illegal drugs. These substances are classified as controlled substances and are not legally available for recreational use. The possession, sale, and use of these drugs are generally prohibited by law in most countries.

Explanation
Recreational drugs are substances that are used for non-medical purposes, primarily to alter one's mood and perception. These drugs often stimulate the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward, leading to feelings of euphoria and pleasure. Therefore, it is true that people use recreational drugs to experience pleasure.

Explanation
Drugs cause addiction because they alter the brain's normal functioning and create a strong desire to continue using them. When drugs are used repeatedly, the brain's reward system is hijacked, leading to compulsive drug-seeking behavior. This addiction can have severe consequences on a person's physical and mental health, as well as their relationships and overall quality of life.

Explanation
This statement is incorrect. Stimulants actually have the opposite effect and increase thinking and muscular activity. They stimulate the central nervous system, leading to heightened alertness, increased energy, and improved focus. Some common examples of stimulants include caffeine, amphetamines, and nicotine. They can temporarily enhance cognitive function and physical performance.

Explanation
Stimulants can indeed cause hallucinations. Hallucinations are sensory perceptions that occur without any external stimulus, and they can be visual, auditory, or even tactile. While stimulants like caffeine or nicotine may not typically cause hallucinations, certain stronger stimulants like amphetamines or cocaine can lead to hallucinatory effects. These hallucinations can range from mild distortions in perception to more intense and vivid experiences. Therefore, it is accurate to say that stimulants can cause hallucinations.

Explanation
Prescription drugs are medications that are prescribed by a healthcare professional to help individuals manage pain or treat a specific disease or condition. These drugs are regulated and can only be obtained with a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider. They are often more potent and have a higher level of efficacy compared to over-the-counter medications. Therefore, it is true that prescription drugs are used to help people with pain or a disease.

Explanation
Withdrawal refers to the physical and psychological symptoms that occur when a person stops taking a drug that they have become dependent on. These symptoms can include cravings, anxiety, irritability, and physical discomfort. When the effects of drugs wear off, individuals may experience withdrawal symptoms, which often leads them to take more drugs to alleviate these symptoms. Therefore, the statement "When the effects of the drugs are over, people need to take more drugs. This is called withdrawal" is true.

Explanation
Polio is not caused by bacteria, but by a virus called the poliovirus. Bacteria and viruses are two different types of microorganisms, with bacteria being single-celled organisms that can cause various infections, while viruses are much smaller and can only replicate inside the cells of other organisms. In the case of polio, the poliovirus infects the nervous system and can lead to paralysis or even death in severe cases.

Explanation
The statement is false because there is no known cure for polio. While there are vaccines available to prevent polio, there are no prescription drugs that can cure the disease once a person is infected. Treatment for polio focuses on managing symptoms and providing supportive care to the affected individual.

Explanation
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. While it can cause various symptoms such as headache, fever, and neck stiffness, it does not typically lead to paralysis of the legs. Paralysis is more commonly associated with conditions such as spinal cord injury or certain neurological disorders. Therefore, the statement that meningitis can cause paralysis of the legs is false.

Explanation
This statement is false. While children under 5 years old are more susceptible to meningitis, it can affect individuals of any age. Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It can be a serious and potentially life-threatening condition regardless of age. It is important to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical attention if meningitis is suspected, regardless of the age of the individual.