Microbiology Quiz1
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- 1.When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called:
- A.
A. Bioremediation
- B.
B. Genetic engineering
- C.
C. Epidemiology
- D.
D. Immunology
- E.
E. Taxonomy
- 2.Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?
- A.
A. Mosquito
- B.
B. Protozoa
- C.
C. Bacteria
- D.
D. Viruses
- E.
E. Fungi
- 3.The study of the immune response to infection caused by microorganisms is
- A.
A. Hypersensitivity
- B.
B. Epidemiology
- C.
C. Immunology
- D.
D. Morbidity
- E.
E. Geomicrobiology
- 4.The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called:
- A.
A. Decomposers
- B.
B. Prokaryotes
- C.
C. Pathogens
- D.
D. Eukaryotes
- E.
E. Fermenters
- 5.The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called
- A.
A. Decomposers
- B.
B. Prokaryotes
- C.
C. Pathogens
- D.
D. Eukaryotes
- E.
E. Fermenters
- 6.The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was
- A.
A. Francesco Redi
- B.
B. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- C.
C. Louis Pasteur
- D.
D. Joseph Lister
- E.
E. Robert Koch
- 7.The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was
- A.
A. Joseph Lister
- B.
B. Ignaz Semmelweis
- C.
C. Robert Koch
- D.
D. Louis Pasteur
- E.
E. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- 8.The term sterile means free of all life forms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.Microbes have been found existing in salty, acidic lakes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.What discovery was crucial to the founding of the field of microbiology?
- A.
A) Isolation of lepers limiting the spread of infectious disease
- B.
B) Agglutination of bacteria in immune serum
- C.
C) The chemical composition of DNA, the genetic material
- D.
D) The development of ground optical lenses that allowed for the direct observation of microbes
- 11.The English scientist Robert Hooke coined the term cell because the small boxes he saw in the microscope reminded him of a monk’s room. What is the cell theory that was later proposed?
- A.
A) cells are fundamental units of life
- B.
B) replication requires the division of cells into two equal cells
- C.
C) hereditary information is passed on in the form of DNA
- D.
D) all organisms are unicellular, made up of one cell
- 12.The first person to use a microscope to observe living cells was
- A.
A) Robert Hooke
- B.
B) Matthias Schleiden
- C.
C) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
- D.
D) Louis Pasteur
- 13.The curve in Pasteur's swan neck flasks was important because
- A.
A) It prevented flies from escaping the flask
- B.
B) It allowed only warm air to reach the infusion
- C.
C) It trapped microbes that otherwise would have entered the flask
- D.
D) It prevented oxygen from reaching organisms inside the flask
- 14.A pure culture refers to
- A.
A) a culture containing bacteria that all have the same shape
- B.
B) a culture which has never been used to inoculate a patient
- C.
C) a culture which causes only a single disease
- D.
D) a culture which contains only a single type of organism
- 15.Disease causing agents account for about _______ % of all microorganisms
- A.
A) 99%
- B.
B) 1%
- C.
C) 10%
- D.
D) 5%
- E.
E) 75%
- 16.Prions are infectious agents composed of
- A.
A) DNA
- B.
B) RNA
- C.
C) Proteins
- D.
D) DNA and Proteins
- E.
E) DNA and RNA
- 17.Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus acidophillus are commonly used to produce
- A.
A) Recombinant insulin
- B.
B) Yogurt
- C.
C) Wine
- D.
D) Penicillin
- 18.An extremophillic bacterium used in “Bioremediation” is
- A.
A) Neisseria gohorrhea
- B.
B) Leuconostoc
- C.
C) Chlamydia trachomatis
- D.
D) Deinococcus radiodurans
- 19.Scientist that demonstrated that bacteria that spoiled food, beer and wine could be killed by short exposure to heat was
- A.
A) Louis Pasteur
- B.
B) Robert Koch
- C.
C) Francesco Spanlanzani
- D.
D) Theophrastus Phillipus Aureolus Bombastus van Hohenhiem
- 20.Aseptic technique was introduced by
- A.
A) Ignaz Phillip Semmelwise
- B.
B) Joseph Lister
- C.
C) Louis Pasteur
- D.
D) Antoine van Leuhenhook
- 21.Penicillin was discovered by
- A.
A) Louis Pasteur
- B.
B) Alexander Flemming
- C.
C) Paul Erlich
- D.
D) Robert Koch
- 22.A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9
- A.
A. Is more basic
- B.
B. Has no OH- ions
- C.
C. Has more H+ ions
- D.
D. Has a higher pH
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct
- 23.A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9
- A.
A. 2 times more acidic
- B.
B. 20 times more acidic
- C.
C. 20 times more basic
- D.
D. 100 times more acidic
- E.
E. 100 times more basic
- 24.Organic chemicals have a basic framework of the element_________bonded to other atoms.
- A.
A. Carbon
- B.
B. Nitrogen
- C.
C. Oxygen
- D.
D. Calcium
- 25.C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 à C12 H22O11 + H2O, represents:
- A.
A. Formation of a peptide bond
- B.
B. A decomposition reaction
- C.
C. Denaturation
- D.
D. Formation of a polysaccharide
- E.
E. Dehydration synthesis
- 26.The building blocks of an enzyme are
- A.
A. Nucleotides
- B.
B. Glycerol and fatty acids
- C.
C. Monosaccharides
- D.
D. Phosphate, glycerol, fatty acids
- E.
E. Amino acids
- 27.The Five I's of studying microorganisms include all of the following except
- A.
A. Inoculation
- B.
B. Incubation
- C.
C. Infection
- D.
D. Isolation
- E.
E. Identification
- 28.The term that refers to the purposeful addition of microorganisms into a laboratory nutrient medium is
- A.
A. Isolation
- B.
B. Inoculation
- C.
C. Immunization
- D.
D. Infection
- E.
E. Contamination
- 29.A pure culture contains
- A.
A. Only one species of microorganism
- B.
B. Only bacteria
- C.
C. A variety of microbes from one source
- D.
D. A variety of species from the same genus
- E.
E. None of the choices are correct
- 30.The correct microbiological term for the tiny sample of specimen that is put ino a nutrient medium in order to produce a culture is the
- A.
A. Colony
- B.
B. Inoculum
- C.
C. Streak
- D.
D. Loop
- E.
E. None of the choices are correct
- 31.Which of the following is essential for development of discrete, isolated colonies?
- A.
A. Broth medium
- B.
B. Differential medium
- C.
C. Selective medium
- D.
D. Solid medium
- E.
E. Assay medium
- 32.Which of the following will result when 1% to 5% agar is added to nutrient broth, boiled and cooled?
- A.
A. A pure culture
- B.
B. A mixed culture
- C.
C. A solid medium
- D.
D. A liquid medium
- E.
E. A contaminated medium
- 33.Agar is an important component of media because
- A.
A. Bacteria require agar to grow
- B.
B. Agar inhibits mold growth
- C.
C. Agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth
- D.
D. Agar prevents contamination
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct
- 34.Which of the following is not an inoculating tool?
- A.
A. Petri dish
- B.
B. Loop
- C.
C. Needle
- D.
D. Pipette
- E.
E. Swab
- 35.Agar is a complex polysaccharide that comes from a/an
- A.
A. Green plant
- B.
B. Fungus
- C.
C. Mold
- D.
D. Algae
- E.
E. Euglena
- 36.A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified and their precise concentrations known and reproducible, would be termed
- A.
A. Complex
- B.
B. Reducing
- C.
C. Enriched
- D.
D. Synthetic
- E.
E. None of the choices are correct
- 37.Which type of medium is able to distinguish different species or types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the colonies or in the medium?
- A.
A. Differential
- B.
B. Selective
- C.
C. Enumeration
- D.
D. Enriched
- E.
E. Reducing
- 38.The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses.
- A.
A. Stage
- B.
B. Condenser
- C.
C. Objective
- D.
D. Ocular
- E.
E. Nosepiece
- 39.Which of the following will converge light rays to a single focal point on the specimen?
- A.
A. Ocular lens
- B.
B. Objective lens
- C.
C. Iris diaphragm
- D.
D. Condenser
- E.
E. Nosepiece
- 40.Which of the following magnifies the specimen to produce the real image of the specimen?
- A.
A. Condenser
- B.
B. Objective lens
- C.
C. Ocular lens
- D.
D. Body
- E.
E. Nosepiece
- 41.Which of the following magnifies the specimen to produce the virtual image of the specimen?
- A.
A. Objective lens
- B.
B. Ocular lens
- C.
C. Condenser
- D.
D. Body
- E.
E. Iris diaphragm
- 42.Which of the following controls the amount of light entering the specimen?
- A.
A. Objective lens
- B.
B. Ocular lens
- C.
C. Condenser
- D.
D. Body
- E.
E. Iris diaphragm
- 43.If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X, what is the magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X?
- A.
A. 100X
- B.
B. 950X
- C.
C. 85X
- D.
D. 850X
- E.
E. 95X
- 44.Magnification is achieved in a compound microscope through the initial magnification of the specimen by the _____ lens. This image is then projected to the _____ lens that will further magnify the specimen to form a virtual image received by the eye.
- A.
A. Ocular, objective
- B.
B. Scanning, objective
- C.
C. Objective, ocular
- D.
D. Ocular, oil
- E.
E. None of the choices are correct
- 45.Which of the following characteristics refers to the microscope's ability to show two separate entities as separate and distinct?
- A.
A. Resolving power
- B.
B. Magnification
- C.
C. Refraction
- D.
D. All of the choices are correct
- E.
E. None of the choices are correct
- 46.All of the following are diameters of cells that would be resolved in a microscope with a limit of resolution of 0.2µm except
- A.
A. 0.2 µm
- B.
B. 0.2 mm
- C.
C. 0.1 µm
- D.
D. 0.3 µm
- E.
E. 2.0 µm
- 47.The wavelength of light used and the numerical aperture governs
- A.
A. Illumination
- B.
B. Resolution
- C.
C. Magnification
- D.
D. Size of the field
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct
- 48._____ has the same optical qualities as glass and thus prevents refractive loss of light as it passes from the slide to the objective lens.
- A.
A. The scanning objective
- B.
B. The oil objective
- C.
C. The slide
- D.
D. Immersion oil
- E.
E. The ocular
- 49.Which type of microscope is the most widely used and shows cells against a bright background?
- A.
A. Bright-field
- B.
B. Dark-field
- C.
C. Phase-contrast
- D.
D. Fluorescence
- E.
E. Electron
- 50.A confocal scanning optical microscope
- A.
A. Uses ultraviolet light to form a specimen image
- B.
B. Shows three-dimensional cell images from the cell surface to the middle of the cell
- C.
C. Produces specimen images on electron micrographs
- D.
D. Uses dyes that emit visible light when bombarded by ultraviolet rays
- E.
E. Requires specimens to be stained
- 51.A confocal scanning optical microscope
- A.
A. Uses a laser beam of light to form a specimen image
- B.
B. Shows only the surface of the specimen
- C.
C. Produces specimen images on electron micrographs
- D.
D. Uses dyes that emit visible light when bombarded by ultraviolet rays
- E.
E. Requires specimens to be stained
- 52.Which type of microscope does not use light in forming the specimen image?
- A.
A. Bright-field
- B.
B. Dark-field
- C.
C. Phase-contrast
- D.
D. Fluorescence
- E.
E. Electron
- 53.Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification?
- A.
A. Bright-field
- B.
B. Dark-field
- C.
C. Phase-contrast
- D.
D. Fluorescence
- E.
E. Electron
- 54.The purpose of staining cells on a microscope slide is to
- A.
A. Kill them
- B.
B. Secure them to the slide
- C.
C. Enlarge the cells
- D.
D. Add contrast in order to see them better
- E.
E. See motility
- 55.The Gram staining procedure is best described as a __staining technique.
- A.
A. Acid fast or Ziehl-Neelson
- B.
B. Differential
- C.
C. Capsule
- D.
D. Schaefer-Fulton
- 56.Helminths are
- A.
Bacteria
- B.
Protozoa
- C.
Molds
- D.
Parasitic worms
- E.
Infectious particles
- 57.When you streak for isolation techique, in which quadrant do you expect to see isolated colonies?
- A.
First Quadrant
- B.
Second Quadrant
- C.
Third Quadrant
- D.
Fourth Quadrant
- 58.A pure culture refers to
- A.
A culture containing bacteria that all have the same shape
- B.
A culture which has never been used to inoculate a patient
- C.
A culture which causes only a single disease
- D.
A culture which contains only a single type of organism
- 59.An example of a biological insecticide is
- A.
Bacillus anthracis
- B.
Bacillus cereus
- C.
Bacillus thruingiensis israeliensis
- D.
Bacillus subtillis
- 60.The three physical forms of laboratory media are
- A.
Solid, liquid, gas
- B.
Solid, semisolid, liquid
- C.
Streak plate, pour plate, broth
- D.
Aerobic, anaerobic, micro aerobic
- E.
None of the choices are correct
- 61.A fat is called ________ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to 2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens.
- A.
Unsaturated
- B.
Polyunsaturated
- C.
Monounsaturated
- D.
Saturated
- E.
None of the choices are correct
- 62.Gelatin is not used commonly to prepare solid media because
- A.
Smells bad
- B.
Gelatin can be degraded by gelatinase containing bacteria
- C.
Can only be used to prepare slants
- D.
Aerobic organisms don't like gelatin
- E.
None of the choices are correct
- 63.What type of isolation technique learned in last week's laboratory is most effective to isolate pure cultures from mixed samples
- A.
Pour plate
- B.
Streak plate
- C.
Spread plate
- D.
Loop dilution
- E.
Culture plate
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