Microbiology 1st Exam

50 Questions | By Amandakristen23 | Last updated: Jan 7, 2013

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Questions and Answers

1.

Who invented the microscope, came up with the word "animalcules", and came up with the 2 theories( spontanious generation and biogenesis)?
- A.
  
  Antonie van leeuwenhoek
- B.
  
  John needham
- C.
  
  Joseph lister
- D.
  
  Robert koch
2.

Whose a english doctor in 1798..found that someone who is injected with cowpox becomes immune to small pox?
- A.
  
  John needham
- B.
  
  Robert koch
- C.
  
  Joseph lister
- D.
  
  Edward jenner
3.

What are koch's postulates?
4.

Who in 1929 discoverd the first antibiotic (penicilin)?
- A.
  
  Edward jenner
- B.
  
  Alexander fleming
- C.
  
  Antonie van leewenhoek
- D.
  
  Joseph lister
5.

Who was a surgeon from london...knew microbes cause disease...and came up with phenol as a aseptic technique?
- A.
  
  Robert koch
- B.
  
  Joseph lister
- C.
  
  Antonie van leewhenhoek
- D.
  
  John needham
6.

Diseases have causative agents
- A.
  
  Germ theory
- B.
  
  Aseptic technique
- C.
  
  Prevention
- D.
  
  Treatment
7.

What is the term used for when the body can adapt upon exposure to pathogens, yeilding protection?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Prevention
- B.
  
  Germ theory
- C.
  
  Aseptic technique
- D.
  
  Treatment
8.

Who proved the germ theory
- A.
  
  Joseph lister
- B.
  
  Antonie van leewuhoek
- C.
  
  John needham
- D.
  
  Robert koch
9.

What disease was proven with koch's postulates?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Ecoli
- B.
  
  Sars
- C.
  
  Aids
- D.
  
  Staph
10.

What is the name referring to transmission of disease/pathogens in which can be controlled?
- A.
  
  Prevention
- B.
  
  Germ theory
- C.
  
  Aspetic technique
- D.
  
  Treatment
11.

What is the term used for when some diseases can be treated with drugs which act on the pathogen?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Treatment
- B.
  
  Aseptic technique
- C.
  
  Germ theory
- D.
  
  Prevention
12.

Who said that living micro organiams are present in nonliving matter...said micro life is destroyed by heat...came up with pasturization, and the germ theory of disease..and was a pure genius?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Antonie van leewenhoek
- B.
  
  John needham
- C.
  
  Joseph lister
- D.
  
  Robert koch
13.

What type of microscope do you use when using heavy metals in a electron beam (uranium, lead, osmium, lungsten)?
- A.
  
  Electron microscope
- B.
  
  Light microscope
14.

What type of gram stain is resistant to antiseptics/antibiotics and triggers toxic responses in host?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Gram neg.
- B.
  
  Gram pos.
15.

What stains stain equally using methylene blue?
- A.
  
  Simple stains
- B.
  
  Differential stains (gram stain and acid fast stain)
16.

You stain with ultra violet...then iodine..rinse with alcohol the color of gram neg is going to be
- A.
  
  Purple
- B.
  
  Pink
- C.
  
  Colorless
- D.
  
  Blue
17.

What microscope do you use when you use basic stains (pos. charged) such as (crystal violet, safrain, methylene blue) and acidic stains (neg. charged) such as (eosin/maroon...nigrosin(black)?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Light microscope
- B.
  
  Electron microscope
18.

What gram stain has no outer membrane but many layers of peptidoglycan...peptidoglycan is embeded with a acide and has a strong neg. charge making it easy to bind with crystal violet

Discuss
- A.
  
  Gram pos
- B.
  
  Gram neg
19.

Who was a bacterialologist from london..discovered cause of anthrax through sheep blood and came up with postulates?
- A.
  
  Robert koch
- B.
  
  Joseph lister
- C.
  
  Antonie van leewenhoek
- D.
  
  John needham
20.

What stain type do you use when staining bacteria differently, having waxes in their cell wall by the use of acid fast stain

Discuss
- A.
  
  Differential stain (gram stain and acid fast stain)
- B.
  
  Simple stain
21.

You stain with ultra violet...then iodine...rinse with alcohol...gram pos color is going to be
- A.
  
  Blue
- B.
  
  Purple
- C.
  
  Pink
- D.
  
  Colorless
22.

What gram stain has a outer membrane containing lipoplysaccaride (LPS) and is a barrier to antibiotic and disinfectant compounds, cause disease on it's own, has a single layer of peptidoglycan

Discuss
- A.
  
  Gram neg
- B.
  
  Gram pos
23.

What can trigger fever and shock? and is treated with a gram neg infection..lipid A is a toxic component (endotoxin)..and if in high levels can kill a patient

Discuss
- A.
  
  LPS
- B.
  
  Lipopolysaccaride
- C.
  
  Teiochioc
- D.
  
  Zyvox
24.

Acid fast staining is useful in diagnosis in
- A.
  
  Small pox
- B.
  
  E. coli
- C.
  
  Mycobacterial diseases
25.

What is the term used for the barrier between interior and exterior of the cell...composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins..proteins involving energy generation...transportation of nutrients and can be disrupted by detergents, alcohols..and are good disinfectants and antiseptics

Discuss
- A.
  
  Cytoplasm
- B.
  
  Cytoplasmic membrane
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Endospores
26.

What is made up of 80% water..contains DNA AND RNA (proteins and nucleic acids)

Discuss
- A.
  
  Cytoplasmic membrane
- B.
  
  Cytoplasm
- C.
  
  Ribosome
- D.
  
  Endospore
27.

What has cytoplasmic structures that synthesize proteins...translate RNA to proteins..is the major target for antibiotics (streptomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline)..and binds to subunits

Discuss
- A.
  
  Ribosomes
- B.
  
  Cytoplasmic membrane
- C.
  
  Cytoplasm
- D.
  
  Endospores
28.

What is the term used for what some bacteria produce...formed during nurtrient starvation (survival strategy)..and war fare agents (bacillus anthracis)

Discuss
- A.
  
  Cytoplasm
- B.
  
  Endospores
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Cytoplasmic membrane
29.

What contains genetic information organized into chromosomes?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Ribosomes
- B.
  
  Nucleus
- C.
  
  Cytoplasm
- D.
  
  Cytoplasmic membrane
30.

What generates engery for the cell

Discuss
- A.
  
  Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
  
  Ribosome
- C.
  
  Cytoplasm
- D.
  
  Mitochondria
31.

What type of cells are fungi, plants, protozoa, animals..are membrane-bound...has nucleus..has mitochondria..endoplasmic reticulum..ribosomes..has cytoskeleton

Discuss
- A.
  
  Eukaryotic
- B.
  
  Prokaryotic
32.

Who has diverse groups of entities, not cells...obligate intracellular parasites..has simple structures, nucleic acide, protein coat

Discuss
- A.
  
  Protozoa
- B.
  
  Viruses
- C.
  
  Bacteria
- D.
  
  Fungi
33.

What synthesises and transports/secretes proteins?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
  
  Mitochondria
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Nucleus
34.

What are not effected by antibacterial antibiotics (selective toxicity)

Discuss
- A.
  
  Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
  
  Ribosomes
- C.
  
  Nucleus
- D.
  
  Cytoplasm
35.

What is bound to the endoplasmic reticulum
- A.
  
  Nucleus
- B.
  
  Cytoplasm
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Cells
36.

What are microfiloments/microfibules that lend shape and motility and mediate cell division..and also inhibit anti cancer drugs (blocking cell divsion)

Discuss
- A.
  
  Cytoskeleton
- B.
  
  Cytoplasm
- C.
  
  Cytoplasmic reticulum
37.

What are motile...single celled eukaryotics..have complex life cycles..and spread by vectors

Discuss
- A.
  
  Protozoa
- B.
  
  Fungi
- C.
  
  Plants
- D.
  
  Viruses
38.

What refers to increase in cell number, not size..and the factors that control its growth is temperature, ph, pressure,and oxygen

Discuss
- A.
  
  Microbial growth
- B.
  
  Microorganisms
- C.
  
  Cell growth
- D.
  
  Cell division
39.

What has 100,000 species (only 100 or so that are pathogenic)...have cell walls that contain polysaccardies (chitin)...have sterols...can produce spores...preferes high pressure and acidic enviroments...and they're diseases are called "mycoses"

Discuss
- A.
  
  Animals
- B.
  
  Plants
- C.
  
  Fungi
- D.
  
  Protozoa
40.

At what temperature do many pathogens adapt to humans?
- A.
  
  36
- B.
  
  37
- C.
  
  38
- D.
  
  39
41.

Microbial growth can be controlled by...
- A.
  
  Chillling
- B.
  
  Osmotic pressure
- C.
  
  Heating
42.

True or false: most microorganisms have a ideal ph for growth..most can tolerate acidic enviroments..but stomach acid (ph 2 or less) can kill most
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
43.

What is the process by which heat is reduced...microbial levels are set by law...DOES NOT serilize....used in decontaminiation of food and drinks
- A.
  
  Pasteurization
- B.
  
  Boiling
- C.
  
  Autoclaving
- D.
  
  Oven baking
44.

What type of rays attack nucleic acids (superoxide)...used to sterilize food and medical supplies..and can pastuerize food
- A.
  
  UV
- B.
  
  Gamma
45.

What is the process by which is heated to 100 degress celcius...after 10 mins kills most microbials but DOES NOT sterilize..which can lead to endospores survivla..and used for decontaminating drinking water

Discuss
- A.
  
  Autoclaving
- B.
  
  Boiling
- C.
  
  Pastuerization
- D.
  
  Oven baking
46.

What is the term used for the process by which steam under pressure yeild high temperatues exceeding 100 degrees celcius...not letting liquids boil off...and steams at 5 p.s.i yeilding 121 degrees celcius..makes everything sterile even killing endospores.

Discuss
- A.
  
  Autoclaving
- B.
  
  Oven baking
- C.
  
  Boiling
- D.
  
  Pasteurization
47.

What gram stain in fungi salt in a mannitol salt agar when dealing with osmotic pressure?
- A.
  
  Gram neg
- B.
  
  Gram pos
48.

What is the process by which is heated to 160 degrees...after 3 hours will sterilize..and used for glassware and surgical instruments
- A.
  
  Pastuerization
- B.
  
  Oven baking
- C.
  
  Boiling
- D.
  
  Auto claving
49.

What process is used for heat sensative objects: antibiotics and other drugs to disinfect microbes?

Discuss
- A.
  
  Filitration
- B.
  
  Radiation
- C.
  
  Heat
50.

What type of rays are used to rearrange DNA and disinfect surfaces?

Discuss
- A.
  
  UV
- B.
  
  Gamma

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