1.
Who invented the microscope, came up with the word "animalcules", and came up with the 2 theories( spontanious generation and biogenesis)?
Correct Answer
A. Antonie van leeuwenhoek
2.
Who said that living micro organiams are present in nonliving matter...said micro life is destroyed by heat...came up with pasturization, and the germ theory of disease..and was a pure genius?
Correct Answer
B. John needham
3.
Who proved the germ theory
Correct Answer(s)
A. Joseph lister
D. Robert koch
4.
Who was a surgeon from london...knew microbes cause disease...and came up with phenol as a aseptic technique?
Correct Answer
B. Joseph lister
5.
Who was a bacterialologist from london..discovered cause of anthrax through sheep blood and came up with postulates?
Correct Answer
A. Robert koch
6.
What disease was proven with koch's postulates?
Correct Answer
B. Sars
7.
What are koch's postulates?
Correct Answer
must be present in every case of the disease
must be isolated in pure culture from disease host
the microbe must cause the disease when inoculated into a animal test
the original strain must be isolated from the inoculated animal
8.
Whose a english doctor in 1798..found that someone who is injected with cowpox becomes immune to small pox?
Correct Answer
D. Edward jenner
9.
Who in 1929 discoverd the first antibiotic (penicilin)?
Correct Answer
B. Alexander fleming
10.
Diseases have causative agents
Correct Answer
A. Germ theory
11.
What is the name referring to transmission of disease/pathogens in which can be controlled?
Correct Answer
C. Aspetic technique
12.
What is the term used for when the body can adapt upon exposure to pathogens, yeilding protection?
Correct Answer
A. Prevention
13.
What is the term used for when some diseases can be treated with drugs which act on the pathogen?
Correct Answer
A. Treatment
14.
What type of microscope do you use when using heavy metals in a electron beam (uranium, lead, osmium, lungsten)?
Correct Answer
A. Electron microscope
15.
What microscope do you use when you use basic stains (pos. charged) such as (crystal violet, safrain, methylene blue) and acidic stains (neg. charged) such as (eosin/maroon...nigrosin(black)?
Correct Answer
A. Light microscope
16.
What stains stain equally using methylene blue?
Correct Answer
A. Simple stains
17.
What stain type do you use when staining bacteria differently, having waxes in their cell wall by the use of acid fast stain
Correct Answer
A. Differential stain (gram stain and acid fast stain)
18.
What type of gram stain is resistant to antiseptics/antibiotics and triggers toxic responses in host?
Correct Answer
A. Gram neg.
19.
You stain with ultra violet...then iodine...rinse with alcohol...gram pos color is going to be
Correct Answer
B. Purple
20.
You stain with ultra violet...then iodine..rinse with alcohol the color of gram neg is going to be
Correct Answer
C. Colorless
21.
Acid fast staining is useful in diagnosis in
Correct Answer
C. Mycobacterial diseases
22.
What gram stain has a outer membrane containing lipoplysaccaride (LPS) and is a barrier to antibiotic and disinfectant compounds, cause disease on it's own, has a single layer of peptidoglycan
Correct Answer
A. Gram neg
23.
What gram stain has no outer membrane but many layers of peptidoglycan...peptidoglycan is embeded with a acide and has a strong neg. charge making it easy to bind with crystal violet
Correct Answer
A. Gram pos
24.
What can trigger fever and shock? and is treated with a gram neg infection..lipid A is a toxic component (endotoxin)..and if in high levels can kill a patient
Correct Answer(s)
A. LPS
B. Lipopolysaccaride
25.
What is the term used for the barrier between interior and exterior of the cell...composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins..proteins involving energy generation...transportation of nutrients and can be disrupted by detergents, alcohols..and are good disinfectants and antiseptics
Correct Answer
B. Cytoplasmic membrane
26.
What is made up of 80% water..contains DNA AND RNA (proteins and nucleic acids)
Correct Answer
B. Cytoplasm
27.
What has cytoplasmic structures that synthesize proteins...translate RNA to proteins..is the major target for antibiotics (streptomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline)..and binds to subunits
Correct Answer
A. Ribosomes
28.
What is the term used for what some bacteria produce...formed during nurtrient starvation (survival strategy)..and war fare agents (bacillus anthracis)
Correct Answer
B. Endospores
29.
What type of cells are fungi, plants, protozoa, animals..are membrane-bound...has nucleus..has mitochondria..endoplasmic reticulum..ribosomes..has cytoskeleton
Correct Answer
A. Eukaryotic
30.
What contains genetic information organized into chromosomes?
Correct Answer
B. Nucleus
31.
What generates engery for the cell
Correct Answer
D. Mitochondria
32.
What synthesises and transports/secretes proteins?
Correct Answer
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
33.
What are not effected by antibacterial antibiotics (selective toxicity)
Correct Answer
B. Ribosomes
34.
What is bound to the endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer
C. Ribosomes
35.
What are microfiloments/microfibules that lend shape and motility and mediate cell division..and also inhibit anti cancer drugs (blocking cell divsion)
Correct Answer
A. Cytoskeleton
36.
What has 100,000 species (only 100 or so that are pathogenic)...have cell walls that contain polysaccardies (chitin)...have sterols...can produce spores...preferes high pressure and acidic enviroments...and they're diseases are called "mycoses"
Correct Answer
C. Fungi
37.
What are motile...single celled eukaryotics..have complex life cycles..and spread by vectors
Correct Answer
A. Protozoa
38.
Who has diverse groups of entities, not cells...obligate intracellular parasites..has simple structures, nucleic acide, protein coat
Correct Answer
B. Viruses
39.
What refers to increase in cell number, not size..and the factors that control its growth is temperature, ph, pressure,and oxygen
Correct Answer
A. Microbial growth
40.
At what temperature do many pathogens adapt to humans?
Correct Answer
B. 37
41.
Microbial growth can be controlled by...
Correct Answer(s)
A. Chillling
C. Heating
42.
True or false: most microorganisms have a ideal ph for growth..most can tolerate acidic enviroments..but stomach acid (ph 2 or less) can kill most
Correct Answer
A. True
43.
What gram stain in fungi salt in a mannitol salt agar when dealing with osmotic pressure?
Correct Answer
B. Gram pos
44.
What is the process by which heat is reduced...microbial levels are set by law...DOES NOT serilize....used in decontaminiation of food and drinks
Correct Answer
A. Pasteurization
45.
What is the process by which is heated to 100 degress celcius...after 10 mins kills most microbials but DOES NOT sterilize..which can lead to endospores survivla..and used for decontaminating drinking water
Correct Answer
B. Boiling
46.
What is the term used for the process by which steam under pressure yeild high temperatues exceeding 100 degrees celcius...not letting liquids boil off...and steams at 5 p.s.i yeilding 121 degrees celcius..makes everything sterile even killing endospores.
Correct Answer
A. Autoclaving
47.
What is the process by which is heated to 160 degrees...after 3 hours will sterilize..and used for glassware and surgical instruments
Correct Answer
B. Oven baking
48.
What process is used for heat sensative objects: antibiotics and other drugs to disinfect microbes?
Correct Answer
A. Filitration
49.
What type of rays attack nucleic acids (superoxide)...used to sterilize food and medical supplies..and can pastuerize food
Correct Answer
B. Gamma
50.
What type of rays are used to rearrange DNA and disinfect surfaces?
Correct Answer
A. UV