___ is the logical fallacy that attempts to counter another’s claims or conclusions by attacking the person, rather than addressing the argument itself.
2.
___ is the logical fallacy that a specific belief is true because we don’t know that it isn’t true.
3.
___ is the logical fallacy that is structured as follows: Professor X believes A, Professor X speaks from authority, therefore A is true.
4.
___ is the logical fallacy that states, "I cannot explain or understand this, therefore it cannot be true."
5.
___ is the logical fallacy that because there is no definitive demarcation line between two extremes,
that the distinction between the extremes is not real or meaningful.
6.
___ is the logical fallacy that arbitrarily reduces a set of many possibilities to only two.
7.
___ is the logical fallacy that is a form of circular reasoning, in that it attempts to include a conclusion about something in the very definition of the word itself. It is therefore also a semantic argument.
8.
___ is the logical fallacy that follows the basic format of: A preceded B, therefore A caused B, and therefore assumes cause and effect for two events just because they are temporally related.
9.
___ is the logical fallacy that a position is not consistent or tenable because accepting the position means that the extreme of the position must also be accepted.
10.
___ is the logical fallacy that attempts to counter a position by attacking a different position – usually one that is easier to counter.
11.
___ is the logical fallacy that because someone invokes an unsound argument for a conclusion, the conclusion is false.
12.
___ is the logical fallacy that moves the criteria for “proof” or acceptance out of range of whatever evidence currently exists.
13.
___ is the logical fallacy that gives an unverifiable and unfalsifiable narrative explanation for a cultural practice, a biological trait, or behavior of humans or other animals.