IP Practise Questions
Choose only one answer unless otherwise specified.
- 1.
Calorie restriction:
- A.
Causes ageing
- B.
Increases free radical activity
- C.
Extends lifespan in mammals
- D.
Reduces lifespan in mammals
- E.
Increases advanced glycation endproducts in body tissues
Correct Answer
C. Extends lifespan in mammalsExplanation
Extends lifespan in mammalsRate this question:
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- 2.
Which one of the following is NOT a feature of ageing:
- A.
An increase in senescence
- B.
Increased susceptibility to diseases
- C.
A decline in mental activity
- D.
An improvement in vision
- E.
Decrease in ability to do strenuous physical activity
Correct Answer
D. An improvement in visionExplanation
Improvement in visionRate this question:
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- 3.
Alzheimer's disease:
- A.
Is characterised by absence of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid deposits in the brain
- B.
Is characterised by loss of motor function
- C.
Is due to insulin resistance
- D.
Has an insiduous onset
- E.
Is due to inflammation in the joints
Correct Answer
D. Has an insiduous onsetExplanation
Has an insiduous onsetRate this question:
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- 4.
Which one of the following statements is incorrect:
- A.
Superoxide radicals can be produced by phagocytes
- B.
Nitric oxide is not a free radical
- C.
Hydrogen peroxide is not a free radical
- D.
Free radicals are highly reactive
- E.
Hydroxyl radical is more reactive than superoxide radical
Correct Answer
B. Nitric oxide is not a free radicalExplanation
Nitric oxide is actually a free radicalRate this question:
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- 5.
Free radicals can damage the following molecules:
- A.
All of these
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Lipids
- E.
Nucleus
Correct Answer
A. All of these -
- 6.
Which one of the following statements is true:
- A.
Aged cells always have normal shaped organelles
- B.
Oxidative phosphorylation in cells increases with age
- C.
Ability of cells to uptake nutrients declines with age
- D.
Telomerase is inactive in cancerous cells
- E.
Ability of cells to repair damaged DNA increases with age
Correct Answer
C. Ability of cells to uptake nutrients declines with ageExplanation
Ability of cells to uptake nutrients declines with ageRate this question:
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- 7.
Which one of the following can convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen:
- A.
Nitric Oxide
- B.
Catalase
- C.
Superoxide dismustase
- D.
None of the answers are correct
- E.
Vitamin E
Correct Answer
B. CatalaseExplanation
CatalaseRate this question:
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- 8.
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
- A.
Type 2 diabetes is often characterised by insulin resistance
- B.
Degeneration of dopamine secreting neurones occurs in Parkinson's disease
- C.
Alzheimer's disease is often associated with memory loss
- D.
Cataract has a reduced incidence in the elderly
- E.
Heart attacks are a major cause of death in progeria
Correct Answer
D. Cataract has a reduced incidence in the elderlyExplanation
Cataract has a reduced incidence in the elderlyRate this question:
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- 9.
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
- A.
Wound healing occurs quickly in older subjects
- B.
A decline in function of T cells occurs with age
- C.
Detoxification of drugs occurs more slowly in elderly subjects
- D.
Accumulation of fibrous tissue occurs in the heart with age
- E.
Brain weight declines with age
Correct Answer
A. Wound healing occurs quickly in older subjectsExplanation
Wound healing occurs quickly in older subjectsRate this question:
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- 10.
Advanced glycation endproducts:
- A.
Decrease with age in body tissues
- B.
Are more likely to form on long-lived proteins
- C.
Are always cross-linked molecules
- D.
Are not derived from reactions between proteins and sugars
- E.
Are derived from reactions between proteins and lipids
Correct Answer
B. Are more likely to form on long-lived proteinsExplanation
Are more likely to form on long-lived proteinsRate this question:
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- 11.
Which one of the following diseases is NOT associated with ageing:
- A.
Alzheimer's disease
- B.
Cataract
- C.
Cancer
- D.
Phenylketonuria
- E.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer
D. PhenylketonuriaExplanation
Phenylketonuria - is a congenital diseaseRate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
- A.
Liver cells from older mice have greater number of mutations compared to similar cells from younger mice
- B.
The error catastrophe theory is concerned with glycation of proteins
- C.
Antioxidants protect against free radicals
- D.
Telomeres are protective caps at the end of chromosomes
- E.
Ability of cells to repair damaged DNA declines with age
Correct Answer
B. The error catastrophe theory is concerned with glycation of proteinsExplanation
The error catastrophe theory is concerned with glycation of proteinsRate this question:
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- 13.
Which one of the following is NOT a feature of progeria:
- A.
Increased sexual maturity
- B.
Prominent scalp veins
- C.
Short stature
- D.
Thinning of skin
- E.
Severe arthritis
Correct Answer
A. Increased sexual maturityExplanation
Increased sexual maturityRate this question:
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- 14.
A gradual decline in function of cells, organs and tissues with ageing is referred to as:
- A.
Lipofuscin
- B.
Senescence
- C.
Oxidative stress
- D.
Longevity
- E.
Life expectancy
Correct Answer
B. SenescenceExplanation
SenescenceRate this question:
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- 15.
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
- A.
Alopecia is a feature of patients with progeria
- B.
Vitamin E is a pro oxidant
- C.
Calorie restriction reduces age-associated mutations
- D.
Life expectancy of progeria is 13 years
- E.
Vitamin E is a free radical scavenger
Correct Answer
B. Vitamin E is a pro oxidantExplanation
Vitamin E is a pro oxidantRate this question:
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- 16.
A free radical can be defined as:
- A.
An atom or molecule with no unpaired electrons
- B.
An atom or molecule that is reactive
- C.
An atom or molecule with no charge
- D.
An atom or molecule that is unreactive
- E.
An atom or molecule with one or more unpaired electrons
Correct Answer
E. An atom or molecule with one or more unpaired electronsExplanation
An atom or molecule with one or more unpaired electronsRate this question:
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- 17.
Which one of the following is the correct definition of life expectancy:
- A.
Is the maximum age attained by a member of a particular species
- B.
Is the minimum age attained by a member of a particular species
- C.
Is the mean age of individuals in a population
- D.
Is the minimum age of individuals in a population
- E.
None of the answers are correct
Correct Answer
C. Is the mean age of individuals in a populationExplanation
Is the mean age of individuals in a populationRate this question:
-
- 18.
Which one of the following does not produce free radicals:
- A.
Ionising radiation
- B.
Respiratory burst in phagocytic cells
- C.
Autoxidation of glucose during hyperglycaemia
- D.
Smoking
- E.
Rearrangement of the Schiff base to Amadori product during glycation
Correct Answer
E. Rearrangement of the Schiff base to Amadori product during glycationExplanation
Rearrangement of the Schiff base to Amadori product during glycationRate this question:
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- 19.
Ageing is defined as:
- A.
When all your body cells die
- B.
When you lack energy
- C.
The greying of your hair
- D.
An increasing ability to survive
- E.
A decreasing ability to survive
Correct Answer
E. A decreasing ability to surviveExplanation
A decreasing ability to surviveRate this question:
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- 20.
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
- A.
Transplanting the nucleus of a young cell into an old cytoplasm will give a new cell with the same lifespan of the cytoplasm
- B.
Transplanting the nucleus of an old cell into a young cytoplasm will give a new cell with lifespan of the transplanted nucleus
- C.
Liver cells from a strain of mice with a short lifespan have a higher incidence of mutations compared to similar cells from a strain of mice with longer lifespan
- D.
Telomerase can prevent shortening of telomeres
- E.
Fibroblasts from human embryo's undergo approximately 50 divisions
Correct Answer
B. Transplanting the nucleus of an old cell into a young cytoplasm will give a new cell with lifespan of the transplanted nucleusExplanation
Transplanting the nucleus of an old cell into a young cytoplasm will give a new cell with lifespan of the transplanted nucleusRate this question:
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- 21.
Which one of the following is the correct definition for lifespan?
- A.
Is the minimum age of individuals in a population
- B.
Is the mean age of individuals in a population
- C.
Is the maximum age attained by a member of a particular species
- D.
None of the available answers are correct
- E.
Is the minimum age attained by a member of a particular species
Correct Answer
C. Is the maximum age attained by a member of a particular speciesExplanation
Is the maximum age attained by a member of a particular speciesRate this question:
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- 22.
Which one of the following statements concerning progeria is INCORRECT:
- A.
There are approximately 30 cases worldwide
- B.
Progeria is also known as the Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome
- C.
Progeria is an accelerated form of ageing
- D.
Cultured fibroblasts from children with progeria often have a shorter lifespan compared to fibroblasts from normal children of similar age
- E.
Progeria patients always have a low secretion of hyaluronic acid in their urine
Correct Answer
E. Progeria patients always have a low secretion of hyaluronic acid in their urineExplanation
Progeria patients always have a low secretion of hyaluronic acid in their urineRate this question:
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- 23.
Which of the following statements is true:
- A.
Amadori product formation is completely irreversible
- B.
Schiff base products can be detected by their fluorescence
- C.
Formation of Amadori products depends on concentration of sugar
- D.
Schiff base formation following reaction between a protein and sugar is irreversible
- E.
Formation of advanced glycation endproducts is freely reversible
Correct Answer
C. Formation of Amadori products depends on concentration of sugarExplanation
Formation of Amadori products depends on concentration of sugarRate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following is NOT an antioxidant?
- A.
Superoxide dismutase
- B.
Vitamin E
- C.
Glutathione
- D.
Vitamin C
- E.
Superoxide
Correct Answer
E. SuperoxideExplanation
SuperoxideRate this question:
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- 25.
Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
- A.
Patients with progeria are often placed on high-dose aspirin therapy
- B.
An age-related accumulation of carcinogenic substances may increase the incidence of cancer in the elderly
- C.
Vitamin E is lipid soluble
- D.
In developed countries, a major proportion of the healthcare budget is used in the care and treatment of the elderly
- E.
Glutathione is usually maintained in the reduced state in cells
Correct Answer
A. Patients with progeria are often placed on high-dose aspirin therapyExplanation
Patients with progeria are often placed on high-dose aspirin therapyRate this question:
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- 26.
A major waste product believed to accumulate in ageing cells is:
- A.
Telomerase
- B.
Lipofuscin
- C.
Superoxide
- D.
Glucose
- E.
Pentosidine
Correct Answer
B. LipofuscinExplanation
LipofuscinRate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following diseases are associated with ageing:
- A.
Cataract
- B.
All of these
- C.
Cancer
- D.
Alzheimer's disease
- E.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer
B. All of theseExplanation
All of theseRate this question:
-
- 28.
Human diploid cells have 44 chromosomes
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
FalseRate this question:
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- 29.
Which of the following mechanisms might be associated with oncogene activation?
- A.
All statements are correct
- B.
Chromosomal translocations
- C.
Point mutations or deletions in the regulatory regions of proto-oncogenes
- D.
Point mutations or deletions in the coding region of proto-oncogenes
Correct Answer
A. All statements are correctExplanation
All statements are correctRate this question:
-
- 30.
Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of differentiation?
- A.
Cells containing identical genetic information begin to diverge in their structure and function
- B.
The number of cells in the tissue decreases
- C.
Cells cease to divide
- D.
Involves a chemical change in DNA structure
Correct Answer
A. Cells containing identical genetic information begin to diverge in their structure and functionExplanation
cells containing identical genetic information begin to diverge in their structure and functionRate this question:
-
- 31.
Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of an autosomal dominant disorder:
- A.
It does not manifest if a dominant gene is expressed
- B.
It manifests as a more severe disorder than when a person is homozygous for a recessive gene
- C.
It manifests when there is one abnormal gene expressed and the homologous gene is normal
- D.
It manifests when one of a homologous pair is deleted
Correct Answer
C. It manifests when there is one abnormal gene expressed and the homologous gene is normalExplanation
it manifests when there is one abnormal gene expressed and the homologous gene is normalRate this question:
-
- 32.
Which of the following is an increase in tissue mass resulting from an increase in the size of its constituent cells?
- A.
Hyperplasia
- B.
Dysplasia
- C.
Metaplasia
- D.
Hypertrophy
Correct Answer
D. HypertrophyExplanation
HypertrophyRate this question:
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- 33.
A normal karyotype is aneuploid
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
FalseRate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following descriptions of wild-type p 53 protein is incorrect?
- A.
P53 regulates the cell cycle
- B.
P53 regulates DNA repair
- C.
P53 is a tumour suppressor protein
- D.
P53 is encoded by an oncogene
Correct Answer
D. P53 is encoded by an oncogeneExplanation
p53 is encoded by an oncogeneRate this question:
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- 35.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer cells?
- A.
Loss of contact inhibition
- B.
Undergoing apoptosis
- C.
Loss of cell cycle control
- D.
Anchorage independent growth
Correct Answer
B. Undergoing apoptosisExplanation
undergoing apoptosisRate this question:
-
- 36.
Skeletal and cardiac muscle and nerve tissue are unable to undergo cell division
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 37.
Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of a retrovirus?
- A.
None of the answers are correct
- B.
It is a virus which uses a reverse transcriptase enzyme
- C.
It is a DNA virus which transactivates genes
- D.
It is a tumour-causing virus
Correct Answer
B. It is a virus which uses a reverse transcriptase enzymeExplanation
it is a virus which uses a reverse transcriptase enzymeRate this question:
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- 38.
Muscle mass increases after exercise by the process of normal physiological hypertrophy
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 39.
As a tumour grows, it remains as a single clone of the cell from which it was originally derived
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 40.
The reason that the size of the prostate gland increases with age may be longer exposure to testosterone, a process called pathological hyperplasia
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 41.
Decreased functional demand, loss of blood supply and loss of innervation can all contribute to pathological atrophy
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 42.
The Epstein-Barr virus is associated with which of the following?
- A.
Kaposi’s sarcoma
- B.
Cervical cancer
- C.
Burkitt’s lymphoma
- D.
Liver cancer
Correct Answer
C. Burkitt’s lymphomaExplanation
Burkitt’s lymphomaRate this question:
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- 43.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with which of the following?
- A.
Breast cancer
- B.
Lung cancer
- C.
Cervical cancer
- D.
Prostate cancer
Correct Answer
C. Cervical cancerExplanation
cervical cancerRate this question:
-
- 44.
A mutation in a proto-oncogene results in a ‘gain in function’ for that gene, while a mutation in a tumour-suppressor gene results in a loss of function
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
TrueRate this question:
-
- 45.
Insertional mutagenesis is:
- A.
The incorporation of DNA into a site in the genome that alters the activity of a gene
- B.
The transfer of DNA from one cell to another and its incorporation into the genome of the other cell
- C.
The passage of a virus from one cell to another
- D.
None of the answers are correct (could be A, but IM inserts bases, not DNA)
Correct Answer
D. None of the answers are correct (could be A, but IM inserts bases, not DNA)Explanation
none of the answers are correct (could be A, but IM inserts bases, not DNA)Rate this question:
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- 46.
About 50% of all human cancers may involve an abnormal or missing:
- A.
P53 gene
- B.
Rb gene
- C.
Oncogene
- D.
Proto-oncogene
Correct Answer
B. Rb geneExplanation
Rb geneRate this question:
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- 47.
The p53 protein normally promotes which of the following
- A.
Cell apoptosis
- B.
Cell differentiation
- C.
Cell proliferation
- D.
Tumour formation
Correct Answer
A. Cell apoptosisExplanation
cell apoptosisRate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by Pseudomonads to evade host defences?
- A.
Inactivate complement components
- B.
Possess iron-bonding molecules
- C.
Interfere with function of phagocyte
- D.
Resist killing and multiply in phagocyte
- E.
Interfere with ciliary activity
Correct Answer
D. Resist killing and multiply in phagocyteExplanation
Resist killing and multiply in phagocyteRate this question:
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- 49.
Exotoxins: (select one or more)
- A.
Are immunogenic
- B.
Are heat stable
- C.
Are integral parts of the microbial cell wall
- D.
Are only produced by Gram-positive bacteria
- E.
Can be converted to toxoids
Correct Answer(s)
A. Are immunogenic
E. Can be converted to toxoidsExplanation
are immunogenic, can be converted to toxoidsRate this question:
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- 50.
Respiratory tract infections: (select one or more)
- A.
Are rarely caused by fungi
- B.
Are common in people with impaired ciliary function
- C.
Are frequently caused by viruses
- D.
Are usually self-limiting
Correct Answer(s)
B. Are common in people with impaired ciliary function
C. Are frequently caused by viruses
D. Are usually self-limitingExplanation
are common in people with impaired ciliary function, are frequently caused by viruses, are usually self-limitingRate this question:
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Apr 26, 2019Quiz Edited by
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Mar 23, 2015Quiz Created by
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