Human Genetics Warm Up 1
Welcome to the biology classroom and laboratory of the 21st Century. This warm-up or "bell ringer" as they are known in Harrison County in the great state of West Virginia will concentrate on human genetics, karyotypes, and sex-linked traits. As the "fill-in" questions appear in this exercise, please enter your all answers using lower case letters. I wish you well and make high marks on this warm-up exercise.
- 1.In humans, several of the following genetic traits are considered "sex-linked". Which of the following are correct? (HINT: there are 3 correct answers.)
- A.
Hemophilia
- B.
Colorblindness
- C.
Skin color
- D.
Sex of the offspring
- E.
Hair color
- 2.In the early 1900's, a researcher by the name of ______ began experimenting with the small fruit fly (Drosophilia melanogaster).
- A.
Oswald
- B.
Chase
- C.
Pinard
- D.
Mendel
- E.
Morgan
- 3.There are two types of chromosomes and both contain genes, but only one determines the sex of the individual. What is the name of those chromosomes?
- A.
Autosomes
- B.
Sex chromosomes
- C.
Sex-Linked Autosomes
- D.
Sex-Influenced chromosomes
- 4.The SRY is a region of genes coding for a protein that causes the gonads of an embryo to develop ovaries.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.What is the wild dominant eye color for the common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster?
- A.
White
- B.
Blue
- C.
Red
- D.
Vermillion (dark red)
- 6.What is the correct sex chromosomes representing male and female of the human species, presented in the list below?
- A.
XXY and Y
- B.
XX and XXY
- C.
XY and XX
- D.
X and YY
- 7.When a male Drosophila melanogaster is mated with a female Drosophila melanogaster. What is the expected ratio of the first filial generation?
- A.
100% - [XX]
- B.
100% - [XY] 100% - [XY]
- C.
50% - [XX] and 50% - [XY]
- D.
25% - [XY] and 75% - [XX]
- E.
75% - [XX] and 25% - [XY]
- 8.When Thomas Hunt Morgan crossed a red eyed male with a white eye female. What is the correct expected ratio of individuals?
- A.
50% of males are red eye and 25% of females are white eye
- B.
50% of males are red eye and 50% of females are white eye
- C.
25% of males are white eye and 75% of females are red eye
- D.
50% of males are red eye and 50% of females are red eye
- 9.When Thomas Hunt Morgan crossed a heterozygous red eye male and a heterozygous red eye female. The phenotyic ratio of red eyes to white eyes was 50% of each color.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.Which one of the following types of mutations causes death, often before the fetus is born?
- A.
Map unit mutation
- B.
Germ-cell mutation
- C.
Lethal mutation
- D.
Somatic-cell mutation
- E.
Translocation mutation
- 11.A ______ ______ is a diagram that shows the linear order of genes on a chromosome. Alfred H. Sturtevant, one of Thomas Hunt Morgan's students, made the first for fruit flies.
- 12.The percentage of crossing-over for two traits is proportional to the distance between them on a chromosome. Sturtevant defined one _____ _____ as a frequency of crossing-over of 1%.
- A.
Map unit
- B.
Gene unit
- C.
Mutation unit
- D.
Linked unit
- E.
Deletion unit
- 13.A _____ _____ is the addition, substitution, or removal of a single nucleotide.
- A.
Point mutation
- B.
Frameshift mutation
- C.
Substitution mutation
- D.
Insertion mutation
- E.
Gene mutation
- 14.If a normal DNA has C T T which codes for Glutamic acid. If Thymine is replaced with Adenine, CAT which codes for Valine. Which type fo mutation is represented?
- A.
Point mutation
- B.
Frameshift mutation
- C.
Substitution mutation
- D.
Insertion mutation
- E.
Gene mutation
- 15.When one or more nucleotides in a gene are lost, this is called a(n) _____ _____.
- A.
Point mutation
- B.
Frameshift mutation
- C.
Substitution mutation
- D.
Insertion mutation
- E.
Deletion mutation
- 16.When one or more nucleotides are added to a gene it is a called point mutation.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.When one or more nucleotides in a gene are added or lost in a gene. A _____ _____ in turn, can have a disastrous effect on the protein's function.
- A.
Point mutation
- B.
Frameshift mutation
- C.
Substitution mutation
- D.
Insertion mutation
- E.
Deletion mutation
- 18.In a male mammal, the Y chromosome contains a gene called SRY for ____-_____ _____ _____. This gene codes for a protein that causes the gonads of an embryo to develop as testes.
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