If you are a first-time Geology student, one of the things you need to know at the end of your course is the structure, composition, and processes of the earth from the center to surface. This is the third test in "The Perfect Practice Test For Geology Exams" series. It will help you put your understanding of the subject on a tough test.
Location
Strike and dip
Height
Thickness
A. Rocks deep within the crust, where high temperatures cause rocks to break.
B. Rocks at the surface, where temperatures and pressures are low.
C. The slow application of stress, which allows atoms to migrate from areas of maximum stress and rebound in areas of lower stress.
D. None of the above.
A. In igneous plutons that contain a significant number of hydrous minerals.
B. In sedimentary rocks because they were originally horizontal and deformation disturbs their horizontality in visually obvious ways.
C. In non-foliated metamorphic rocks such as marble and quartzite.
D. None of the above.
True
False
Is produced by a particular type of stress.
Occurs at a distinct depth in the mantle.
Is caused by elastic strain.
Is the result of a different type of strain.
Are called strike-slip faults.
Do not cause any ground displacement.
Usually contain at least one block that has dropped down a significant distance.
Generally form at divergent plate boundaries.
True
False
Plastic strain
Elastic strain
Brittle strain
None of the above
Powerful compressional forces are needed to move the rocks above the fault plane up.
The fault blocks first move down and then reverse direction, to move up.
Shear stress causes the two fault blocks to move past each other horizontally.
Tensional forces allow the rocks above the fault plane to drop down.
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
Transform plate boundaries, where rocks are being pushed together.
Convergent plate boundaries, where rocks are being squeezed together.
Divergent plate boundaries, where rocks are being pulled apart.
All of the above.
A fold that is concave-upward.
A fold whose limbs plunge toward one another.
A fold whose axis is horizontal.
A fold whose limbs are inclined away from each other.
Symmetrical folds.
Recumbent folds.
Overturned folds.
Plunging folds.
Normal faulting occurs
Basin formation occurs
Steep faults shallow with a depth
All of the above
Blocks of crustal rocks slide past each other sideways
Layers of rocks are thrust over each other
Basins are formed
All of the above
The Rhine Valley
The Keystone fault, Nevada
The San Andreas
The Basin and Range
A. Under all conditions.
B. Under no conditions, that’s why they weather.
C. Under the conditions in which they originally formed.
A. Occur very quickly as temperature changes.
B. Occur by the initiation of partial melting.
C. Occur in the solid state.
D. Occur when minerals dissolve in hot water.
True
False
True
False
A. Shear pressure.
B. Confining pressure.
C. Directed pressure.
D. Partial pressure.
A. Fluids.
B. Gravity.
C. Heat.
D. Pressure.
A. Burial
B. Regional
C. Contact
D. High pressure
True
False
A. The lack of clay minerals in the parent rock.
B. The high-pressure environment.
C. The absence of directed pressure.
D. The low temperature environment.
A. Phyllite, schist, gneiss, migmatite
B. Slate, schist, migmatite, phyllite
C. Gneiss, schist, phyllite, slate
D. Slate, schist, gneiss, phyllite
True
False
A. Temperature conditions of metamorphism.
B. Tectonic setting during metamorphism.
C. Pressure conditions of metamorphism.
D. The intensity of the metamorphism.
A. Contact
B. Isotherm
C. Isograd
D. Isobar
A. Marble
B. Phyllite
C. Gneiss
D. Slate
A. Eclogite form at high pressures.
B. Eclogite form in subduction zones.
C. Eclogite form next to granitic intrusions.
D. Eclogites form at high temperatures
A. Garnet occurs in amphibolite facies metamorphosed shale
B. Epidote occurs in greenschists facies metamorphosed basalt
C. Muscovite occurs in low-grade metamorphosed shale
D. Garnet occurs in low-grade metamorphosed basalt.
A. Using minerals to determine when a rock formed.
B. Determining the time of formation of a rock.
C. Examining the age of a rock relative to that of the Earth.
D. Using rock properties to determine which is youngest or oldest of a group.
A. A cross-cutting relationship.
B. An inclusion in the rock.
C. A disconformity.
D. An unconformity.
a. A chronologically ordered set of strata with young on top
b. A chronologically ordered set of strata with old on top
c. A chronologically ordered set of strata without a time hiatus
D. A chronologically ordered set of strata that lies horizontally
A. Horizontality.
B. Faunal succession.
C. Correlation.
D. Uniformity.
A. A sequence of rocks where relative dating is not possible.
b. A break in a sequence of sedimentary rocks.
C. A sequence of sedimentary rocks overlying igneous or metamorphic rocks.
D. A change in depositional environments from marine to terrestrial.
A. Lapse
B. Hiatus
C. Discontinuity
D. Unconformity
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
a. Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian COSD
B. Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Cambrian
C. Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian, Silurian
D. Ordovician, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian
A. Cretaceous-Paleogene
B. Jurassic-Cretaceous
C. Traissic-Jurassic
D. Permian-Triassic
A. Neutron conversion rate.
B. Isotopic change rate.
C. Decay time.
D. Half-life.
A. Organic sediments older than 1 million years.
B. Paleozoic coal deposits.
C. Organic material less than 70,000 years old.
D. Dinosaur fossils.
A. Potassium-argon
B. Carbon-14
C. Thorium-lead
D. Rubidium strontium
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