Quiz: Can You Answer These Geology 101 Questions?

23 Questions | By Njhasty | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 210

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Quiz: Can You Answer These Geology 101 Questions? - Quiz

Can you answer these geology 101 questions? The rocks on the earth’s surface change over time, and this is as a result of various processes they undergo. Physical geology deals with the study of the physical features of the earth and the processes acting on them. Take up the quiz below that is designed to help you prepare for any exam you will undertake in geology.

Questions and Answers

1.

A particular country had a population of 250 million in 1970 and a population growth rate of 1.75%. At this rate, what is the expected population for the year 2050?
- A.
  
  300 million
- B.
  
  437.5 million
- C.
  
  500 million
- D.
  
  750 million
- E.
  
  1 billion
2.

The most important aspect of a given population, in terms of predicting the rate of growth of that population, is
- A.
  
  The birthrate of the population.
- B.
  
  The death rate of the population.
- C.
  
  The percentage of the population between the ages of 14 and 49.
- D.
  
  The percentage of the population less than 14 years of age.
- E.
  
  The average life expectancy of the population.
3.

The advent of instruments that allowed earthquakes to be located precisely lead to the conclusion that
- A.
  
  Earthquakes and volcanoes are randomly scattered about the Earth.
- B.
  
  Earthquakes and volcanoes rarely occur in the same localities.
- C.
  
  Earthquakes occur mostly in narrowly defined zones but volcanoes are randomly distributed about the Earth.
- D.
  
  Earthquakes and volcanoes commonly occur in the same narrowly defined zones.
- E.
  
  Volcanoes occur mostly in narrowly defined zones but earthquakes are randomly distributed about the Earth.
4.

The estimated global population in 1830 was 1 billion people. In 1930, it was estimated that 2 billion people inhabited the planet. What was the average rate of population growth during this 100-year interval?
- A.
  
  0.5%
- B.
  
  0.7%
- C.
  
  1.0%
- D.
  
  1.2%
- E.
  
  2.0%
5.

The inner “terrestrial planets”, including Earth, do not have the massive, dense atmospheres of the “gas giants” such as Jupiter and Saturn; this is thought to be the result of
- A.
  
  Terrestrial planets forming earlier in the history of the solar system, before gases had condensed enough to form atmospheres.
- B.
  
  Terrestrial planets forming later in the history of the solar system, after most gases had been captured by the gas giants.
- C.
  
  A period in the early history of the sun’s formation, during which an immense solar wind was emitted, blowing most of the lighter gases away from the region in which the terrestrial planets would eventually form.
- D.
  
  The more rapid rate at which the terrestrial planets orbit the sun, causing the lighter gases to be blown away during the orbital cycles.
- E.
  
  The terrestrial planets are all too small to hold a massive atmosphere like the gas giants.
6.

The geologic principle which states that, in a series of undisturbed sedimentary rocks, the layers at the bottom are older than the layers on top, is called the
- A.
  
  Principle of uniformitarianism.
- B.
  
  Principle of superposition.
- C.
  
  Principle of cross-cutting relationships.
- D.
  
  Principle of original horizontally.
- E.
  
  Principle of fossil succession.
7.

Risk is evaluated as
- A.
  
  The probability of a given event occurring.
- B.
  
  The consequences of a given event occurring.
- C.
  
  The product of the probability of an even occurring multiplied by the consequences of that event occurring.
- D.
  
  The ratio of the probability of an event occurring divided by the consequences of that event occurring.
- E.
  
  The length of time available from the time a warning of a given event occurs until the event actually happens.
8.

True or False? Natural disasters that occur most frequently also have the greatest magnitude in terms of energy and capacity to do damage.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
9.

The average residence time of an item of interest in a given reservoir is determined by
- A.
  
  Measuring the actual size of the reservoir.
- B.
  
  Comparing the input flux with the output flux.
- C.
  
  Dividing the capacity of the reservoir by the flux rate.
- D.
  
  Comparing the actual size of the reservoir with the maximum size it can possibly attain.
- E.
  
  Comparing the age of the reservoir with the length of time it will take to fill or drain it completely.
10.

The brittle, outermost portion of Earth, composed of continental and oceanic crust and the uppermost mantle, is called the
- A.
  
  Asthenosphere
- B.
  
  Lithosphere
- C.
  
  Bathysphere
- D.
  
  Otosphere
- E.
  
  Ectosphere
11.

The geological principle that processes operating on Earth today are the same as those that have been operating throughout the history of the planet is called
- A.
  
  Environmental unity.
- B.
  
  Fossil succession.
- C.
  
  Average residence time.
- D.
  
  Uniformitarianism.
- E.
  
  Sustainability
12.

Which of the following is classified as a hydrometeorological hazard?
- A.
  
  Tsunami
- B.
  
  Earthquake
- C.
  
  Volcanic eruption
- D.
  
  Flooding
- E.
  
  Infestation of airborne pathogens
13.

Our solar system is believed to have formed
- A.
  
  Immediately following the “Big Bang” as soon as particles cooled sufficiently to solidify.
- B.
  
  From a gaseous nebula that was produced by the collision of two or more ancient stars.
- C.
  
  From a gaseous nebula that was produced when a first-generation star became a super nova.
- D.
  
  From a gaseous nebula that was produced when a third- or fourth-generation star became a super nova.
14.

True or False? In general, natural disasters that take the greatest number of human lives also result in massive property damage.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
15.

The ability of a system (or the whole Earth) to sustain its population in reasonably healthy and comfortable conditions is known as the
- A.
  
  Population optimum
- B.
  
  Carrying capacity
- C.
  
  Rule of 70
- D.
  
  Environmental unity
- E.
  
  Flux rate
16.

Factors which allow Earth to support life as we know it include
- A.
  
  An atmosphere that is neither too dense or too sparse.
- B.
  
  Global conditions allowing H2O to exist as a liquid, solid, and vapor.
- C.
  
  A magnetic field that deflects harmful solar radiation.
- D.
  
  All the above
- E.
  
  B and c but not a
17.

According to the Geo-2000 report of the United Nations Environmental Project, problems requiring the most attention in North America are
- A.
  
  Land and water management
- B.
  
  Resource use and greenhouse gas emissions
- C.
  
  Use and conservation of forests.
- D.
  
  Overpopulation and deforestation.
- E.
  
  Desertification and water scarcity.
18.

The San Andreas fault in California is an example of what kind of plate boundary?
- A.
  
  Continent-continent collision
- B.
  
  Transform fault
- C.
  
  Spreading center
- D.
  
  Continent-ocean subduction zone
- E.
  
  Ocean-ocean subduction zone
19.

Accidental release of radioactive gases from a nuclear power plant would be which type of hazard?
- A.
  
  Hydrometeorologic
- B.
  
  Biologic
- C.
  
  Geologic
- D.
  
  Anthropogenic
20.

Which of the following is NOT covered by the standard homeowner’s insurance policy?
- A.
  
  Wind damage
- B.
  
  Hail damage
- C.
  
  Fire damage
- D.
  
  Flooding
- E.
  
  Frozen water lines
21.

Which of the following is NOT considered part of the Earth Systems?
- A.
  
  Atmosphere
- B.
  
  Lithosphere
- C.
  
  Biosphere
- D.
  
  Ectosphere
- E.
  
  Hydrosphere
22.

Which of the following was not presented as evidence that the southern continents were once connected into a single land mass?
- A.
  
  Fossils of ferns
- B.
  
  Fossils of land reptiles
- C.
  
  Fossils of birds
- D.
  
  Fossils of freshwater reptiles
- E.
  
  Evidence of glaciation
23.

True or False? Alfred Wegener’s theory of Continental Drift was not accepted by the scientific community because the mechanism he proposed as the driving force was shown
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False