1.
Which of the following is NOT a physical property?
Correct Answer
C. Bases
Explanation
The physical properties of a substance are those that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's identity. Sight, color, and length are all examples of physical properties because they can be observed or measured. Bases, on the other hand, are not a physical property. Bases are a type of chemical compound that can react with acids to form salts. Therefore, bases are not considered a physical property.
2.
Which of the following is the shortest measurement?
Correct Answer
A. Millimeter
Explanation
The millimeter is the shortest measurement among the given options. It is a unit of length in the metric system, and it is equal to one thousandth of a meter. A centimeter is larger than a millimeter as it is equal to one hundredth of a meter. A meter is larger than both millimeters and centimeters, and a kilometer is the largest measurement among the options, equivalent to one thousand meters. Thus, the millimeter is the correct answer as it represents the shortest measurement.
3.
_________ is a temporary magnet that can be turned on and off.
Correct Answer
D. Electromagnet
Explanation
An electromagnet is a temporary magnet that can be turned on and off. It is created by passing an electric current through a coil of wire, which generates a magnetic field. When the current is turned off, the magnetic field dissipates, causing the electromagnet to lose its magnetism. This property makes electromagnets versatile and useful in various applications, such as in electric motors, generators, and magnetic lifting devices.
4.
What kind of energy do we get from the sun?
Correct Answer
D. Solar
Explanation
The correct answer is "solar." This is because the sun emits solar energy, which is in the form of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared radiation. Solar energy is harnessed through various technologies such as solar panels to generate electricity or heat water.
5.
Electricl energy can be changed into heat energy.
Correct Answer
B. True
Explanation
Electric energy can be converted into heat energy through the process of resistive heating. When an electric current passes through a resistive material, such as a heating element or a wire, the electrical energy is transformed into heat energy. This is commonly seen in electric heaters, stoves, and toasters, where the electric current flowing through the resistive elements generates heat. Therefore, the statement "Electric energy can be changed into heat energy" is true.
6.
Light travels the fastest through a ________.
Correct Answer
A. Vacuum
Explanation
Light travels the fastest through a vacuum because there are no particles or molecules to obstruct or interact with the light waves. In a solid, liquid, or gas, the presence of particles can cause scattering, absorption, or reflection of light, which slows down its speed. However, in a vacuum, there is no medium to impede the propagation of light, allowing it to travel at its maximum speed.
7.
Which of the following is NOT a conductor?
Correct Answer
B. Wood
Explanation
Wood is not a conductor because it is an insulator. Unlike steel, copper, and iron, wood does not allow the flow of electric current through it. This is due to the structure of wood, which consists of tightly packed molecules that do not easily allow the movement of electrons. Therefore, wood is not a suitable material for conducting electricity.
8.
__________ is affected by the pull of gravity.
Correct Answer
B. Weight
Explanation
Weight is affected by the pull of gravity. Weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity. It is directly proportional to the mass of the object and the acceleration due to gravity. The greater the mass of an object, the greater its weight, and the stronger the pull of gravity, the greater the weight of an object. Therefore, weight is influenced by the gravitational force acting on an object.
9.
___________ is the field around a magnet. You can not see it, but you can see its effects.
Correct Answer
D. Magnetic field
Explanation
A magnetic field is the area or region surrounding a magnet where its influence or effects can be observed. It is not visible to the naked eye, but its presence can be detected through its interactions with other magnetic objects or through its effects on electric currents. The term "spark field" and "baseball field" do not accurately describe the concept of a magnetic field, while "attraction field" is not a commonly used term in relation to magnets. Therefore, the correct answer is "magnetic field".
10.
Which of the following is an example of a concave lens?
Correct Answer
C. Telescope
Explanation
A telescope is an example of a concave lens because it uses a combination of lenses to gather and focus light. The primary lens in a telescope is a concave lens, which helps to diverge the incoming light rays. This divergence allows for the enlargement and magnification of distant objects, making them appear closer and larger. The concave lens in a telescope helps to correct for nearsightedness, allowing for clear and focused viewing of objects in the distance.
11.
What happens when electrons move from one object to another object and stick onto the second object?
Correct Answer
A. Static electricity
Explanation
When electrons move from one object to another and stick onto the second object, it creates static electricity. Static electricity is generated when there is an imbalance of electric charges on the surfaces of objects. The transfer of electrons causes one object to become positively charged and the other object to become negatively charged. These charges attract each other, resulting in the sticking of electrons onto the second object. This phenomenon is commonly observed when rubbing certain materials together, such as rubbing a balloon on hair to make it stick to a wall.
12.
Which of the following describes a solid?
Correct Answer
C. Packed tightly together in straight rows
Explanation
A solid is described as packed tightly together in straight rows because in a solid, the particles are closely packed and have a fixed position. They vibrate in place but do not flow or slide past each other like in a liquid or gas. This arrangement gives solids a definite shape and volume. The option "packed loosely together" would describe a gas, while "flow and slide past each other" would describe a liquid. The option "used in fluorescent lights" is unrelated to the description of a solid.
13.
What would it take for matter to move from one state to another?
Correct Answer
A. Energy
Explanation
Matter can change from one state to another through the input or removal of energy. The movement of particles within matter is influenced by the amount of energy they possess. When energy is added or removed, it can cause the particles to move faster or slower, leading to a change in the state of matter. Therefore, energy is required for matter to transition from one state to another.
14.
Which of the following is an insulator?
Correct Answer
B. Plastic
Explanation
Plastic is an insulator because it is made up of polymers, which have high resistance to the flow of electric current. Unlike metals, which are good conductors of electricity, plastic does not allow the free movement of electrons. This property makes plastic useful for insulating electrical wires and preventing electrical shocks.
15.
Sound is produced by ________________.
Correct Answer
D. Vibrations
Explanation
Sound is produced by vibrations. When an object vibrates, it creates disturbances in the surrounding air particles. These disturbances then travel as sound waves through the air or any other medium. Our ears detect these sound waves and our brain interprets them as sound. Therefore, vibrations are the fundamental cause of sound production.
16.
Which measurement would you use to find the length of our classroom?
Correct Answer
B. Meter
Explanation
To find the length of the classroom, the most appropriate measurement would be the meter. Kilometer is too large a unit for measuring the length of a classroom, while centimeter and millimeter are too small. Meter is a commonly used unit for measuring lengths of objects and is suitable for measuring the length of a classroom.
17.
How many volts are in the average wall outlet plug?
Correct Answer
D. 120 volts
Explanation
The average wall outlet plug typically has 120 volts. This is the standard voltage used in most residential and commercial buildings in the United States. It is important to note that the voltage can vary in different countries, so it is always recommended to check the specific voltage requirements when traveling or using electrical appliances from different regions.
18.
Refraction means to ____________.
Correct Answer
A. Bend light as it moves from one material to another
Explanation
Refraction is the phenomenon of light bending as it transitions from one medium to another. This occurs because light travels at different speeds in different materials, causing it to change direction. This bending of light is responsible for various optical phenomena, such as the bending of a pencil in a glass of water or the formation of rainbows.
19.
Sunlight is _______ light.
Correct Answer
B. White
Explanation
Sunlight is composed of all the colors of the visible spectrum, which when combined together, appear as white light. This is because sunlight contains a mixture of different wavelengths, ranging from red to violet. When these wavelengths are blended, they create the perception of white light.
20.
Sound moves the fastest through a _______.
Correct Answer
B. Solid
Explanation
Sound waves require a medium to travel through, as they rely on the vibration and collision of particles. In a solid, such as a metal or a dense material, the particles are closely packed, allowing the sound waves to travel quickly and efficiently. Liquids and gases have particles that are more spread out, making it more difficult for sound waves to propagate through them. A cup, being an object, is not a medium through which sound can travel. Therefore, the correct answer is solid.
21.
Which of the following would NOT be attracted to a magnet?
Correct Answer
B. Rubber band
Explanation
Rubber bands are not attracted to magnets because they are made of non-magnetic materials such as rubber or latex. Unlike metals, which contain magnetic properties, rubber bands do not have magnetic properties and therefore do not respond to magnetic forces.
22.
Which of the following is a chemical change?
Correct Answer
C. Shooting off fireworks
Explanation
Shooting off fireworks is a chemical change because it involves a chemical reaction. Fireworks contain various chemicals that react when ignited, resulting in the production of light, heat, and sound. This reaction cannot be easily reversed, and new substances are formed as a result. In contrast, clothes drying in the sun, making chocolate milk, and slicing bread are all physical changes where the substances involved do not undergo a chemical reaction and can be easily reversed.
23.
When light is absorbed by an object, we say it____________.
Correct Answer
B. Is soaked up the object
Explanation
When light is absorbed by an object, it is soaked up by the object. This means that the object absorbs the light energy, preventing it from reflecting or transmitting through the object.
24.
Which would be the cooler shirt to wear on a hot day?
Correct Answer
D. White
Explanation
White would be the cooler shirt to wear on a hot day because lighter colors reflect more sunlight and heat, while darker colors absorb it. White reflects the majority of the sunlight, helping to keep the body cooler by not absorbing as much heat. This makes white a more suitable choice for hot weather conditions as it can help to reduce the body's temperature.
25.
The convex lens is __________________.
Correct Answer
A. Thicker in the middle and makes things look bigger
Explanation
A convex lens is thicker in the middle and makes things look bigger because it refracts (bends) light in a way that causes the light rays to converge. This convergence of light rays results in the image appearing larger than the actual object. The thicker middle part of the lens causes the light rays to bend more, leading to a magnified image.
26.
Which of the following is a mixture?
Correct Answer
B. Lucky charms
Explanation
Lucky Charms is a mixture because it is composed of different ingredients blended together. It contains a combination of cereal pieces and marshmallows, which are mixed together to create the final product.
27.
Which of the following is not included in physical science?
Correct Answer
D. Zoology
Explanation
Zoology is not included in physical science because physical science primarily focuses on the study of non-living matter and energy, while zoology is the branch of biology that deals with the study of animals. Physics, chemistry, and astronomy, on the other hand, are all branches of physical science that respectively study matter and energy, the composition and properties of substances, and celestial objects and phenomena.
28.
What science deals most with energy and forces?
Correct Answer
B. Physics
Explanation
Physics is the correct answer because it is the branch of science that deals primarily with energy and forces. Physics studies the fundamental laws and principles that govern the behavior of matter and energy, including the forces that act upon them. It explores various forms of energy, such as kinetic and potential energy, and examines the interactions between different objects and forces. Physics also investigates concepts like gravity, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics, which are all related to energy and forces. Therefore, physics is the science that is most concerned with understanding and explaining energy and forces in the natural world.
29.
Which of the following describes a gas?
Correct Answer
D. Spreads out to fill the entire space
Explanation
A gas is a state of matter that has the ability to spread out and fill the entire space it occupies. Unlike solids and liquids, gases do not have a fixed shape or volume. They take the shape of the container they are in and can flow freely. This property allows gases to easily diffuse and mix with other gases. Therefore, the statement "spreads out to fill the entire space" accurately describes the behavior of a gas.
30.
Using superconductors to build computers is an example of
Correct Answer
A. Technology.
Explanation
Using superconductors to build computers is an example of technology because it involves the practical application of scientific knowledge to create useful products or processes. Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity with zero resistance at very low temperatures, making them ideal for creating high-performance computer components. This application of superconductors in computer technology demonstrates the use of scientific advancements to develop practical solutions and improve existing systems.
31.
Which state of matter moves the fastest?
Correct Answer
D. Gas
Explanation
Gas particles have the highest kinetic energy and move the fastest compared to particles in other states of matter. In a gas, the particles are not tightly packed and have more freedom to move around. This results in faster movement and higher average speeds of gas particles compared to the particles in liquids or solids, where the particles are more closely packed and have less freedom to move.
32.
A balance is a scientific tool used to measure
Correct Answer
D. Mass.
Explanation
A balance is a scientific tool used to measure mass. It works by comparing the unknown mass of an object with known masses on the other side of the balance. By achieving equilibrium, the balance can determine the mass of the object accurately. Temperature is measured using a thermometer, time is measured using a clock or stopwatch, and volume is measured using tools like beakers or graduated cylinders. Therefore, the correct answer is mass.
33.
When energy is added to a solid, you get a ______.
Correct Answer
C. Liquid
Explanation
When energy is added to a solid, the particles within the solid gain kinetic energy and start vibrating more rapidly. This increased kinetic energy causes the bonds between the particles to weaken, allowing them to move more freely. As a result, the solid undergoes a phase change and transforms into a liquid state. Therefore, the correct answer is liquid.
34.
Which of the following units is an SI base unit?
Correct Answer
D. Liter
Explanation
The correct answer is kilogram. The kilogram is one of the seven SI base units, which are the fundamental units of measurement in the International System of Units. The kilogram is the base unit for mass, and it is defined as the mass of the International Prototype of the Kilogram, a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France. The liter, centimeter, and cubic meter are not SI base units, but they are commonly used derived units in the metric system.
35.
When energy is taken out of a gas, you get a ______.
Correct Answer
B. Liquid
Explanation
When energy is taken out of a gas, the gas molecules lose their kinetic energy and slow down. This decrease in energy causes the gas to condense and transform into a liquid state. Therefore, the correct answer is "liquid".
36.
The composition of the mixture of gases that makes up our air is best represented on what kind of graph?
Correct Answer
D. Pie chart
Explanation
A pie chart is the best representation for the composition of the mixture of gases in our air because it allows for easy visualization of the proportions of each gas. Each gas can be represented by a separate slice of the pie, with the size of the slice indicating the percentage or proportion of that gas in the mixture. This helps to clearly show the relative amounts of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and others in the air. A line graph or variable graph would not be suitable for this purpose as they are typically used to show trends or changes over time or with varying variables. A bar graph would not be appropriate as it is used to compare discrete categories or quantities, which is not the case for the composition of gases in the air.
37.
In a controlled experiment,
Correct Answer
D. One variable is changed while all others remain fixed.
Explanation
In a controlled experiment, the researcher intentionally manipulates one variable while keeping all other variables constant. This allows for the isolation of the effects of the variable being tested. By changing only one variable at a time and keeping others fixed, the researcher can determine the specific impact of that variable on the outcome. This helps in establishing cause-and-effect relationships and drawing reliable conclusions from the experiment.
38.
Matter is
Correct Answer
C. Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Explanation
The correct answer is "anything that takes up space and has mass." This answer is the most inclusive and accurate definition of matter. It encompasses all forms of matter, including solids, liquids, and gases. It highlights the two essential properties of matter, which are occupying space and having mass. This definition also allows for the possibility of matter existing in various states, such as solid or liquid, rather than limiting it to just solids or liquids.
39.
What i the chemical formula for iron (III) oxide?
Correct Answer
D. Fe2O3
Explanation
Iron (III) oxide is commonly known as rust. The chemical formula for iron (III) oxide is Fe2O3. This indicates that each molecule of iron (III) oxide contains two iron atoms (Fe) and three oxygen atoms (O). Therefore, Fe2O3 is the correct answer.
40.
Which of the following is a mixture?
Correct Answer
A. Air
Explanation
Air is a mixture because it is composed of various gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. These gases are not chemically combined and can be separated from each other through various methods such as filtration or distillation. Therefore, air is considered a mixture rather than a pure substance.
41.
Compounds and elements are
Correct Answer
C. Pure substances.
Explanation
Compounds and elements are classified as pure substances because they are composed of only one type of particle. Compounds are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together, while elements are made up of only one type of atom. Pure substances have a fixed composition and distinct properties, which differentiate them from mixtures. Solids, mixtures, and density are not accurate descriptions for compounds and elements.
42.
Which of the following is a physical change?
Correct Answer
A. Melting ice cubes
Explanation
Melting ice cubes is a physical change because it involves a change in state from solid to liquid without altering the chemical composition of the substance. The water molecules in the ice cubes rearrange themselves and gain enough energy to break their rigid structure, resulting in a liquid form. This change can be reversed by freezing the liquid water back into ice cubes, indicating that it is a physical change rather than a chemical one.
43.
Which of the following is a pure substance?
Correct Answer
C. Table salt
Explanation
Table salt is a pure substance because it is composed of only one type of molecule, sodium chloride (NaCl). It does not contain any impurities or other substances. In contrast, grape juice is a mixture of water, sugars, acids, and other compounds. Salt water is a mixture of water and dissolved salt. Gasoline is a mixture of various hydrocarbons. Therefore, table salt is the only option that qualifies as a pure substance.
44.
If you add oil to water and shake the two liquids together, you will form a
Correct Answer
A. Heterogeneous mixture.
Explanation
When oil is added to water and shaken together, the two substances do not mix completely. Instead, they form separate layers, with the oil floating on top of the water. This indicates that the mixture is not uniform throughout and consists of two distinct phases. Therefore, the correct answer is a heterogeneous mixture.
45.
Which of the following assumptions is NOT part of the part of the kinetic theory?
Correct Answer
B. Particles are smaller at lower temperature.
Explanation
The kinetic theory states that all matter is made up of tiny, invisible particles that are always in motion. It also states that particles move faster at higher temperatures. However, it does not assume that particles are smaller at lower temperatures. The size of the particles is not directly related to temperature according to the kinetic theory.
46.
Three common states of matter are
Correct Answer
C. Solid, liquid, and gas.
Explanation
The correct answer is solid, liquid, and gas. These three states of matter are commonly known and recognized. Solids have a definite shape and volume, while liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container. Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume and can expand to fill any container. Water is an example of a substance that can exist in all three states, as ice (solid), water (liquid), and steam (gas).
47.
During which change of state do atoms or molecules become more ordered?
Correct Answer
B. Condensation
Explanation
Condensation is the change of state from a gas to a liquid. During condensation, the atoms or molecules come closer together and form a more ordered arrangement. This is because the gas molecules lose energy and slow down, causing them to stick together and form liquid droplets. In contrast, during boiling, melting, and sublimation, the atoms or molecules become less ordered as they gain energy and move more freely.
48.
Which of the following describes what happens as the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases?
Correct Answer
A. The volume of the gas increases and the speed of the particles in increases.
Explanation
As the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases, the volume of the gas increases. This is because the increase in temperature causes the gas particles to move faster and collide with the walls of the balloon more frequently, leading to an expansion of the gas and an increase in volume. Additionally, the speed of the particles increases as a result of the increased temperature, as the kinetic energy of the particles increases.
49.
Fluid pressure is always directed
Correct Answer
D. In all direction.
Explanation
Fluid pressure is always directed in all directions because fluids are capable of exerting pressure uniformly in all directions. This is due to the fact that fluid molecules are constantly in motion and collide with each other and with the walls of the container they are in. These collisions result in pressure being exerted in all directions, creating a balanced force distribution within the fluid. Therefore, fluid pressure is not limited to a specific direction but acts equally in all directions.
50.
Materials that can flow to fit their containers include
Correct Answer
C. Both gases and liquids.
Explanation
Materials that can flow to fit their containers include both gases and liquids. Gases have the ability to expand and fill the entire volume of their container, taking the shape of the container they are in. Liquids, on the other hand, have the ability to take the shape of their container while maintaining a constant volume. Both gases and liquids are considered fluid materials because they can flow and adapt to the shape of their containers.