Epidemiology Exam 1

Incidence of a disease in a population

Degree to which a measurement or an estimate based on measurements represents the true value of the attribute that is being measured

ACE

ACHR

Rate of outcome after controlling for a variable(s) across the entire population or both groups of comparison

Subject to which an outcome is attributable (e.g. bacteria, virus, chemicals, etc)

AJE

Finding an association when one does not exist; error of rejecting a true null hypothesis;

AmJPH

Analysis of variance

APHA

Systematic failure to represent equally all classes of cases or persons supposed to be represented in a sample

# of new cases in a time period divided by population at risk in the same period } x100defined as the number of people at risk who develop a certain disease divided by the total number of people at risk

Proportion used to calculate the attributable risk (often used synonymously with attributable risk)

Amount or proportion of disease incidence that can be attributed to a specific exposure

Used to obtain the probability of disease in a group of people with some characteristic of the basis of the overall rate of that disease and of the likelihood of that characteristic in healthy and diseased individuals

Form of selection bias with hospital patients

Error of failing to reject a false null hypothesis; not finding an association when one actually exists

Systematic error in design, conduct or analysis of a study that results in mistaken estimate of an exposure's effect on the risk of disease

Distribution in which there are two peaks

Criterion that an observed, presumably or putatively causal association fits previously existing biological or medical knowledge

Population born during a particular period and identified by period of birth so that the characteristics can be ascertained as it enters successive time and age periodsb

Keeping the observer(s) and/or subjects ignorant  of the group to which the subjects are being assigned

Person in the population or study group identified as having the particular disease, health disorder, or condition under investigation

Study in which cases are defined as those with the disease and controls are those without the disease; can study the significance between exposure & non-exposure from the two groups (this study begins with diseased and non-diseased people...current and past)