Environment Final Test Quiz
2010 final for berk ayranci test
- 1.
Throughout history, the human population..
- A.
Grew continuously as a result of the passion of love.
- B.
Has been in steady-state.
- C.
Was constant in its growth.
- D.
Has always grown as rapidly as today.
- E.
Mostly increased, but included some decreases most notably during the Black Death.
Correct Answer
E. Mostly increased, but included some decreases most notably during the Black Death. -
- 2.
When did the most dramatic increase in the history of the human population occur?
- A.
During the middle ages
- B.
Human population has increased on a steady rate
- C.
In the early history of the human population
- D.
In the last part of the 20th century
- E.
During the French Revolution
Correct Answer
D. In the last part of the 20th century -
- 3.
Use of groundwater at a rate faster than it is naturally re-supplied:
- A.
Wetlands
- B.
Overdraft
- C.
Water budget
- D.
Variable-source approach
- E.
Influent streams
Correct Answer
B. Overdraft -
- 4.
What is an aquifer?
- A.
A zone of hot, pressurized groundwater
- B.
A rock that holds and transmits water
- C.
The area of a drainage basin which recharges water into the system
- D.
A canal or system to transport water over long distance
- E.
A rock in which permeability is low.
Correct Answer
A. A zone of hot, pressurized groundwater -
- 5.
"Instream use" refers to:
- A.
Use for agricultural purposes
- B.
Evaporation during transport in pipes or canals
- C.
Uses of the river or lake itself, without removing water
- D.
Water removed from a river and eventually returned to the river
- E.
Use by cities or agricultural in the close vicinity of the river
Correct Answer
C. Uses of the river or lake itself, without removing water -
- 6.
Which of the following is or are example(s) of offstream use of water from a river?
- A.
Water used to supply a nearby city.
- B.
Agricultural irrigation on the banks of a river.
- C.
Water used to cool a nuclear power plant.
- D.
Water from a sewage treatment plant that is returned to the river.
- E.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
E. All of the above. -
- 7.
Channelized streams have reduced wildlife because of which of the following characteristics?
- A.
Excessive daily and seasonal variation in water temperature.
- B.
Increased leaf material input.
- C.
Low stream velocity.
- D.
Excessive shading.
- E.
Aesthetic degradation.
Correct Answer
A. Excessive daily and seasonal variation in water temperature. -
- 8.
According to the Environmental Science textbook, the Colorado River is noteworthy because :
- A.
It is the last of the pristine and unharnessed rivers of the American West.
- B.
It supplies water to a large portion of the arid southwestern US
- C.
It is far from video games
- D.
Its natural regularity and steadiness of flow make it a model for flood control projects on other rivers.
- E.
The river is the last underutilized source of water west of the Rocky Mountains.
Correct Answer
D. Its natural regularity and steadiness of flow make it a model for flood control projects on other rivers. -
- 9.
Adverse environmental effects of channelization include all of the following except:
- A.
Aesthetic degradation
- B.
Increased flood hazard along channelized segments of streams
- C.
A less diverse range of habitats for aquatic species
- D.
Loss of riparian vegetation
- E.
Loss of wetlands
Correct Answer
C. A less diverse range of habitats for aquatic species -
- 10.
99% of the earth's water is unavailable or unsuitable for human use because:I: of its salinityII: it is pollutedIII: it lies in inaccessible areas
- A.
I only
- B.
II only
- C.
I and II
- D.
I and III
- E.
I, II, III
Correct Answer
D. I and III -
- 11.
In the US, the single sector which consumes the greatest portion of water supplies is:
- A.
Waste disposal
- B.
Agriculture
- C.
Municipal water use
- D.
Industry
- E.
Electric power plants
Correct Answer
B. Agriculture -
- 12.
Hydroelectric power generation on a river is and example of:
- A.
Consumptive use
- B.
Geothermal energy
- C.
Instream use
- D.
Industry
- E.
Electric power plants
Correct Answer
C. Instream use -
- 13.
All of the following are improvements or additions to agriculture that would increase the efficiency of water use and the quality of runoff except:
- A.
Increased use of fertilizer and pesticides
- B.
Use of moisture sensors to prevent over-watering
- C.
Metering(measurment) of water usuage
- D.
Restoration of stream and river ecosystems
- E.
More drip irrigation and less flood irrigation
Correct Answer
A. Increased use of fertilizer and pesticides -
- 14.
A specific location where pollution is introduced in to surface water or groundwater:
- A.
Secondary treatment
- B.
Acid mine drainage
- C.
Fecal coliform bacteria
- D.
Point source
- E.
Crptosporidium
Correct Answer
D. Point source -
- 15.
Step in wastewater purification in which organic material is consumed by bacteria:
- A.
Secondary treatment
- B.
Acid mine drainage
- C.
Fecal coliform bacteria
- D.
Point source
- E.
Cryptospordium
Correct Answer
A. Secondary treatment -
- 16.
The principle advantage of using wetlands for wastewater treatment is:
- A.
The method eliminates the production of methane, which contributes to global warming
- B.
It replaces all need for a centralized wastewater treatment facility
- C.
The resulting water exceeds all drinking water standards
- D.
A natural ecosystem replaces industrial methods for secondary and advanced treatment
- E.
It removes dioxin and other pollutants in the sediment of the wetland
Correct Answer
B. It replaces all need for a centralized wastewater treatment facility -
- 17.
Long Island, NY has a large population. Which of the following is not one of the threats to Long Island groundwater?
- A.
Saltwater intrusion
- B.
Discharge from household septic tanks
- C.
High-level nuclear waste disposal
- D.
Infiltration of salt used to de-ice winter roads
- E.
Leachate from solid waste disposal sites
Correct Answer
C. High-level nuclear waste disposal -
- 18.
The best definition of the term "water pollution"
- A.
Water unsuitable for human consumption
- B.
Degradation of water quality
- C.
Release of primary treated sewage into natural waters
- D.
Over-drafting in coastal areas
- E.
Uncontrolled dumping of toxic industrial waste
Correct Answer
B. Degradation of water quality -
- 19.
The common test for the potential for disease transmission in water is:
- A.
Measurements of LDC
- B.
Measurement of the biological oxygen demand
- C.
Presence of coliform bacteria
- D.
Total dissolved solids
- E.
Presence of cholera bacteria
Correct Answer
B. Measurement of the biological oxygen demand -
- 20.
A septic tank:
- A.
Stores human waste until it is emptied, for use where no sewage system is available
- B.
Is a tank used to collect and treat drinking water
- C.
Is a hermetically sealed contain for storage of food
- D.
Is a tank in a sewage plant where chlorination of wastewater takes place
- E.
Treats wastewater in rural households
Correct Answer
A. Stores human waste until it is emptied, for use where no sewage system is available -
- 21.
ACcording to the Environmental Science text, what is the most critical water pollution problem in the world?
- A.
Industrial effluent
- B.
Sediment polluted waters
- C.
Lack of clean, disease free drinking water
- D.
Municipal sewage
- E.
Thermal pollution
Correct Answer
C. Lack of clean, disease free drinking water -
- 22.
Massive and rapid algae growth is stimulated by the addition of ___to surface water bodies.
- A.
Leachate
- B.
Nitrogen and phosphorus
- C.
Toxic chemicals
- D.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
- E.
Aerobic bacteria
Correct Answer
B. Nitrogen and phosphorus -
- 23.
What is the most easily accessible supply of fresh water in most locations around the world?
- A.
Drinking water
- B.
Treated wastewater
- C.
Surface water
- D.
Groundwater
- E.
Ocean water
Correct Answer
D. Groundwater -
- 24.
By weight, the most abundant water pollutant is:
- A.
Leachate from open dumps
- B.
Heavy metals
- C.
Sediment
- D.
Organic waste
- E.
Toxic chemicals
Correct Answer
C. Sediment -
- 25.
What is cultural eutrophication?
- A.
Addition of fecal coliform bacteria to a body of water
- B.
Active decomposition of dissolved oxygen
- C.
Decay of cultural or moral standards
- D.
Anthropogenic addition of nutrients to a body of water
- E.
Large scale oil spills in environmentally sensitive areas
Correct Answer
D. Anthropogenic addition of nutrients to a body of water -
- 26.
The persistent trend of increasing temperatures over three decades is an indication that global warming is happening. What is the warmest decade since temperatures have been recorded?
- A.
1960s
- B.
1970s
- C.
1990s
- D.
1950s
- E.
1980s
Correct Answer
C. 1990s -
- 27.
What single historical development can be blamed for the rise in carbon dioxide content?
- A.
American revolution
- B.
Invention of agriculture
- C.
Election of George bush
- D.
Industrial revolution
- E.
Splitting of the atom
Correct Answer
D. Industrial revolution -
- 28.
Global-scale wind currents are produced by:
- A.
Differential heating of the EArth by the Sun
- B.
The tilt of the earth
- C.
Ocean currents
- D.
Gravity
- E.
The Coriolis effect produces high and low pressure systems
Correct Answer
B. The tilt of the earth -
- 29.
Incoming solar raditation is partly reflected back into space by the earths:I: atmosphere II: land surfaceIII: ocean surface
- A.
I only
- B.
II only
- C.
III only
- D.
II and III
- E.
I,II, III
Correct Answer
A. I only -
- 30.
The part of the atmosphere where weather occurs is the:
- A.
Homeosphere
- B.
Tropopause
- C.
Stratopause
- D.
Troposphere
- E.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
D. Troposphere -
- 31.
Why does only approximately half of the solar energy emitted towards the Earth ever arrive at the surface?
- A.
The rest is refracted through the atmosphere
- B.
The rest is absorbed by the atmosphere or reflected into space
- C.
The rest is converted into heat energy
Correct Answer
B. The rest is absorbed by the atmosphere or reflected into space -
- 32.
CFC's that travel to the stratosphere pose a threat because:
- A.
They contribute to photochemical smog
- B.
They lead of acid rain
- C.
They lead to a destruction of ozone
Correct Answer
C. They lead to a destruction of ozone -
- 33.
Name the international agreement that required the phase-out of ozone-depleting chemicals:
- A.
Eiger Snaction
- B.
Montreal Protocol
- C.
Rio Conference
Correct Answer
B. Montreal Protocol -
- 34.
Which are the two factors that the development of skin cancer promotes in an individual?
- A.
Extend of exposure to UVB and amount of protective melatonin in the skin
- B.
Age and gene pool
- C.
Extend of exposure to ozone and skin tone
Correct Answer
A. Extend of exposure to UVB and amount of protective melatonin in the skin -
- 35.
The residence time of CFC's in the atmosphere is approximately:
- A.
100 years
- B.
9 months
- C.
1 year
Correct Answer
A. 100 years -
- 36.
Which of the following would be the effect of ozone depletion in the stratosphere?
- A.
Climate modification
- B.
DNA mutation
- C.
Reduced crop yields
- D.
Increased incidence of skin cancer
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 37.
WHich of the following has contributed to the fact that the human population has increased significantly over time:
- A.
Supply of clothing and shelter
- B.
Modern medicine
- C.
Modern technology
- D.
Supply of food
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 38.
The rapid population increase since the industrial revolution occurred for all of the following reasons except:
- A.
Increased food production
- B.
Declining birth rates
- C.
Advances in agriculture
Correct Answer
B. Declining birth rates -
- 39.
What is meant by the "population bomb"
- A.
An international plan to control the ever growing number of people living on earth
- B.
The number of individuals per unit area
- C.
An uncontrolled increase in human population
Correct Answer
C. An uncontrolled increase in human population -
- 40.
The Gaia Hypothesis states that the dominant force that has shaped the global environment through time is:
- A.
The oceans
- B.
Life
- C.
Humans
- D.
Atmosphere
Correct Answer
B. Life -
- 41.
Which of the following is not a major theme of environmental science:
- A.
An urbanizing world
- B.
Sustainability of the cat and dog population
- C.
Human population growth
Correct Answer
B. Sustainability of the cat and dog population -
- 42.
The total amount of food produced each year worldwide is sufficient to feed all the world's people today. Why do famines occur?
- A.
Food production is insufficient in some local areas
- B.
Severe local shortage of firewood affects the ability to cook
- C.
Worldwide transportation of food is inadequate
- D.
Logging destroys agricultural land
- E.
A and c
Correct Answer
E. A and c -
- 43.
Which is more important: survival of people alive today or conservation of the environment? Answering this question demands:
- A.
A legal basis
- B.
Value judgements
- C.
Global perspective
Correct Answer
B. Value judgements -
- 44.
Deductive proof is..
- A.
Speculative
- B.
Based on hypotheses
- C.
An accepted theory
Correct Answer
B. Based on hypotheses -
- 45.
A hypothesis is defined as..
- A.
A statement that can be disproved
- B.
A fact
- C.
An accepted theory
Correct Answer
A. A statement that can be disproved -
- 46.
Using scientific method in conducting an experiment is useful becasue:
- A.
Results will always be useful quantitative data
- B.
When using SM it is not necessary to conduct controlled experiments
- C.
Following a standardized procedure allows a scientist to compare his/her data with the results of other scientists
Correct Answer
C. Following a standardized procedure allows a scientist to compare his/her data with the results of other scientists -
- 47.
Premise: A straight line is the shortest distance between two points.Premise: The line from A to B is the shortest distance between points A and B.Conclusion: Therefore, the line from A to B is a straight line.Example of..
- A.
Scientific fact
- B.
A hypothesis
- C.
Scientific proof
- D.
Deductive reasoning
- E.
Inductive reasoning
Correct Answer
D. Deductive reasoning -
- 48.
The conclusion of an inductive proof is more ______ than the conclusion of a deductive proof.
- A.
Speculative
- B.
Certain
- C.
Accurate
Correct Answer
A. Speculative -
- 49.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the SM?
- A.
Observations, hypothesis, controlled experiments, conclusions
- B.
Hypothesis, controlled experiments, inferences, conclusions
Correct Answer
A. Observations, hypothesis, controlled experiments, conclusions -
- 50.
Systems are either open or closed. The planet Earth can be considered in terms of the simultaneous functioning of many systems, including its energy and its mass. Ignoring minute exceptions such as meteorites..
- A.
Energy is an open system; mass is closed
- B.
Both open
- C.
Both open and closed
- D.
Both closed
Correct Answer
D. Both closed -
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Mar 22, 2022Quiz Edited by
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May 10, 2010Quiz Created by
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