E&m Mec Exam #2
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which type of uv radiation is needed to produce vitamin D?
- A.
UvA
- B.
UvB
- C.
UvC
Correct Answer
A. UvAExplanation
UVB radiation is needed to produce vitamin D in the skin. When UVB rays from the sun reach the skin, a chemical reaction occurs that converts a substance in the skin called 7-dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D3. UVB radiation is responsible for initiating this process, which is essential for the body to produce and maintain adequate levels of vitamin D. UVA radiation, on the other hand, does not play a significant role in the production of vitamin D. UVB radiation is also responsible for sunburn and can increase the risk of skin cancer.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The wavelength of uvA radiation is...
- A.
150-250 nm
- B.
320-380 nm
- C.
400-700 nm
- D.
800-1000 nm
Correct Answer
B. 320-380 nmExplanation
UVA radiation refers to ultraviolet A radiation, which has a wavelength range of 320-380 nm. This type of radiation falls within the longer wavelength end of the ultraviolet spectrum. UVA radiation is commonly associated with tanning beds and is known to penetrate the skin deeper than UVB radiation. It is important to protect oneself from UVA radiation as it can contribute to skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which type of uv radiation is responsible for the most DNA damage at the earth's surface?
- A.
UvA
- B.
UvB
- C.
UvC
Correct Answer
B. UvBExplanation
UVB radiation is responsible for the most DNA damage at the Earth's surface. UVB rays have a shorter wavelength than UVA rays and are more energetic. They can penetrate the outer layer of the skin and cause direct damage to the DNA in skin cells. This can lead to mutations and increase the risk of skin cancer. UVB radiation is also responsible for causing sunburn. UVC radiation, on the other hand, is mostly absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere and does not reach the surface in significant amounts.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The wavelength of uvC radiation is...
- A.
150-240 nm
- B.
300-350 nm
- C.
320-380 nm
- D.
250-290 nm
Correct Answer
D. 250-290 nmExplanation
UVC radiation refers to ultraviolet C radiation, which is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength range of 250-290 nm. This range falls within the ultraviolet spectrum, which is known for its shorter wavelengths and higher energy compared to visible light. UVC radiation is particularly harmful to living organisms, including humans, as it can cause damage to DNA and other cellular structures. Therefore, it is important to protect ourselves from UVC radiation by using appropriate protective measures and equipment.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which uv radiation is mostly filtered by the atmosphere?
- A.
UvA
- B.
UvB
- C.
UvC
Correct Answer
C. UvCExplanation
UV-C radiation is mostly filtered by the atmosphere. UV-C radiation has the shortest wavelength and highest energy among the three types of UV radiation. It is primarily absorbed by the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere, preventing it from reaching the Earth's surface in significant amounts. UV-A and UV-B radiation, on the other hand, penetrate the atmosphere to varying degrees and can have harmful effects on human health, such as sunburn, skin aging, and an increased risk of skin cancer.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following on the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
- A.
Microwaves
- B.
AM radio
- C.
Gamma rays
- D.
X-rays
Correct Answer
C. Gamma raysExplanation
Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength on the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is a range of different types of electromagnetic radiation, ordered by their wavelengths and frequencies. Gamma rays have the highest frequency and shortest wavelength among the given options. They are a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation and are often produced by nuclear reactions and radioactive decay. Gamma rays have the ability to penetrate matter easily and are used in various applications such as medical imaging and cancer treatment.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following on the spectrum has the highest wavelength?
- A.
Microwaves
- B.
AM radio
- C.
Gamma rays
- D.
X-rays
Correct Answer
B. AM radioExplanation
AM radio waves have the highest wavelength among the options given. The wavelength of a wave is the distance between two consecutive points in the wave that are in phase. The wavelength of a wave is inversely proportional to its frequency, meaning that as the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases. AM radio waves have a longer wavelength compared to microwaves, gamma rays, and X-rays, which means they have a lower frequency.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which color has the highest frequency on the electromagnetic spectrum?
- A.
Red
- B.
Blue
- C.
Violet
- D.
Green
Correct Answer
C. VioletExplanation
Violet has the highest frequency on the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is a range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. The frequency of a color corresponds to the number of waves per second that the color's light waves oscillate. Violet light has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency among the given options.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The _______ is the unit of Frequency.
- A.
Meter
- B.
Hertz
- C.
Second
- D.
Watt
Correct Answer
B. HertzExplanation
Hertz is the correct answer because it is the unit of frequency. Frequency is a measurement of how many times an event occurs in a given time period, and Hertz specifically measures the number of cycles per second. It is commonly used to measure the frequency of waves, such as sound waves or electromagnetic waves. Meter, second, and watt are all units of measurement, but they are not specifically related to frequency.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The ___________ is the unit of wavelength.
- A.
Meter
- B.
Hertz
- C.
Second
- D.
Watt
Correct Answer
A. MeterExplanation
The unit of wavelength is meter. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points of a wave that are in phase. It is measured in meters because it represents a physical distance.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Visible light has wavelengths in the range...
- A.
250-380 nm
- B.
400-600 nm
- C.
700-1250 nm
- D.
Neither A, B, or C
Correct Answer
B. 400-600 nmExplanation
Visible light refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by the human eye. It consists of different colors, each with a specific wavelength. The range of wavelengths that correspond to visible light is approximately 400-600 nm. This range includes colors such as violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. Wavelengths outside of this range, either shorter or longer, cannot be seen by the human eye and are therefore not considered part of visible light.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Increased radiation in the range 288-290 nm may...
- A.
Destroy corneal cells
- B.
Scar the conjunctivia
- C.
Cause cataracts
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Increased radiation in the range 288-290 nm may cause various harmful effects on the eye. It can destroy corneal cells, leading to damage and potential vision loss. Additionally, it can scar the conjunctiva, which is the thin, clear tissue covering the white part of the eye. Lastly, this increased radiation can also cause cataracts, a condition characterized by clouding of the lens of the eye, further impairing vision. Therefore, all of the given options are correct and can occur due to increased radiation in this specific range.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is not a layer on the earth's atmosphere?
- A.
Stratosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Mesosphere
- D.
Biosphere
Correct Answer
D. BiosphereExplanation
The biosphere is not a layer in the earth's atmosphere. It refers to the regions of the earth's surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere that are inhabited by living organisms. The other options mentioned in the question, namely the stratosphere, troposphere, and mesosphere, are all layers of the earth's atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which is the farthest layer from the earth's surface?
- A.
Troposphere
- B.
Mesosphere
- C.
Exosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
C. ExosphereExplanation
The exosphere is the farthest layer from the Earth's surface. It is located above the thermosphere and extends into outer space. This layer is characterized by extremely low density and high temperatures. The exosphere is where the Earth's atmosphere gradually merges with the vacuum of space. It is the outermost layer of the atmosphere and contains very few molecules.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which is the most turbulent region in the earth's atmosphere?
- A.
Troposphere
- B.
Mesosphere
- C.
Exosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
Correct Answer
A. TroposphereExplanation
The most turbulent region in the earth's atmosphere is the troposphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, extending from the Earth's surface up to approximately 10-15 kilometers. It is characterized by convection currents, which result in the mixing of air masses of different temperatures and moisture content. These convection currents lead to the formation of weather phenomena such as clouds, storms, and turbulence. Therefore, the troposphere is considered the most turbulent region in the earth's atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 16.
99% of the uv radiation that reaches the earth's surface is uvB.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because only about 5% of the UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface is UVB, while the remaining 95% is UVA. UVB radiation is responsible for causing sunburns and increasing the risk of skin cancer, while UVA radiation is associated with skin aging and can also contribute to skin cancer.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How many miles above the earth's surface is the ozone layer?
- A.
12 to 25 miles
- B.
18 to 30 miles
- C.
25 to 40 miles
- D.
30 to 50 miles
Correct Answer
A. 12 to 25 milesExplanation
The ozone layer is located approximately 12 to 25 miles above the earth's surface. This layer of ozone molecules acts as a shield, absorbing most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. It plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth by preventing harmful UV rays from reaching the surface, which can cause various health issues and damage ecosystems.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which atom destroys the ozone most?
- A.
Carbon
- B.
Chlorine
- C.
Copper
- D.
Calcium
Correct Answer
B. ChlorineExplanation
Chlorine is the correct answer because it is a highly reactive atom that can easily break down ozone molecules. When chlorine is released into the atmosphere, it can react with ozone and break it apart, leading to the destruction of the ozone layer. This process is known as ozone depletion, and it is primarily caused by human activities such as the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere. CFCs contain chlorine atoms, which can then catalytically destroy large amounts of ozone molecules.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which atom destroys the ozone least?
- A.
Bromine
- B.
Chlorine
- C.
Nitric Oxide
- D.
Hydrogen
Correct Answer
D. HydrogenExplanation
Hydrogen destroys the ozone least because it is not a halogen and does not possess the ability to catalytically break down ozone molecules. Bromine and chlorine, on the other hand, are halogens and are known to be ozone-depleting substances. Nitric oxide is also a reactive molecule that can contribute to ozone depletion, but it is less destructive compared to bromine and chlorine.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The ozone layer was formed about...
- A.
10 billion years ago
- B.
1 billion years ago
- C.
100 million years ago
- D.
10 million years ago
Correct Answer
B. 1 billion years agoExplanation
The ozone layer was formed about 1 billion years ago. This is because oxygen molecules in the Earth's atmosphere began to react with ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, resulting in the formation of ozone molecules. This process took place gradually over a long period of time, and it is estimated that the ozone layer reached its current state around 1 billion years ago.Rate this question:
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- 21.
CFC's were developed in the early ______.
- A.
1920's
- B.
1930's
- C.
1940's
- D.
2000's
Correct Answer
B. 1930'sExplanation
CFC's, or chlorofluorocarbons, were developed in the early 1930's. This is a period of time when these chemical compounds were first invented and introduced. They were widely used in various industries for their properties such as being non-toxic, non-flammable, and having low reactivity. However, it was later discovered that CFC's contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, leading to the implementation of international agreements to phase them out.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What does Y represents in the chemical reaction below? O3 + Y --> O2 + O
- A.
UVA
- B.
UVB
- C.
UVC
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. UVBExplanation
In the given chemical reaction, Y represents UVB. UVB is a type of ultraviolet radiation that can cause chemical reactions, such as the breakdown of ozone (O3) into oxygen molecules (O2) and oxygen atoms (O). This reaction is important in the Earth's atmosphere as it helps to protect us from harmful UV radiation.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which of the following is not a halogen atom?
- A.
Fluorine
- B.
Chlorine
- C.
Iodine
- D.
Hydrogen
Correct Answer
D. HydrogenExplanation
Hydrogen is not a halogen atom. Halogens are a group of elements in the periodic table that include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. These elements have similar chemical properties, including being highly reactive and often forming compounds with other elements. Hydrogen, on the other hand, is not a halogen but is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. It is a nonmetal, and while it can form compounds with halogens, it does not possess the same characteristics as the halogen elements.Rate this question:
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- 24.
CFC's (chloro-fluoro-carbons) were used in...
- A.
Plastics
- B.
Foams
- C.
Anti-oxidants
- D.
All of the preceding
Correct Answer
B. FoamsExplanation
CFCs (chloro-fluoro-carbons) were commonly used in the production of foams. CFCs were used as blowing agents in the manufacturing process of foams, such as those used in insulation, packaging materials, and furniture. The CFCs would vaporize and expand the foam, creating a lightweight and insulating material. However, it was later discovered that CFCs contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, leading to their phase-out and the development of alternative foaming agents. Therefore, the correct answer is foams.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
- A.
Carbon Dioxide
- B.
Methane
- C.
Ozone
- D.
Oxygen
Correct Answer
D. OxygenExplanation
Oxygen is not considered a greenhouse gas because it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming. While oxygen is a component of the atmosphere, it does not possess the properties necessary to absorb and emit infrared radiation, which is essential for trapping heat. Carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone, on the other hand, are all greenhouse gases that can absorb and emit infrared radiation, making them significant contributors to the greenhouse effect.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A hole (50% reduction) in the Antarctic ozone layer was first observed in the...
- A.
1960's
- B.
1970's
- C.
1980's
- D.
1990's
Correct Answer
C. 1980'sExplanation
In the 1980's, a hole in the Antarctic ozone layer was first observed. This observation was significant because it indicated a 50% reduction in the ozone layer in that region. The discovery of this hole raised concerns about the depletion of the ozone layer and its potential consequences, such as increased exposure to harmful ultraviolet radiation. It also led to international efforts to address the issue, including the signing of the Montreal Protocol in 1987, which aimed to phase out the production of ozone-depleting substances.Rate this question:
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- 27.
CFC's (chloro-fluoro-carbons) were used in...
- A.
Propellants
- B.
Foams
- C.
Refrigeration
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
CFCs, or chloro-fluoro-carbons, were widely used in various applications, including propellants, foams, and refrigeration. CFCs were commonly used as propellants in aerosol products, such as spray cans. They were also used in the production of foams, such as foam insulation and packaging materials. Additionally, CFCs were commonly used as refrigerants in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as CFCs were used in all of these applications.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following ultraviolet light mostly destroys the ozone?
- A.
UVC
- B.
UVA
- C.
UVB
- D.
They are all equal
Correct Answer
C. UVBExplanation
UVB is the ultraviolet light that mostly destroys the ozone. UVB radiation has a shorter wavelength and higher energy compared to UVA radiation. It is more harmful to living organisms and can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and damage to the immune system. UVB radiation is also responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere. Therefore, UVB is the correct answer as it is the most destructive form of ultraviolet light when it comes to ozone depletion.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which of these greenhouse gases has the highest percentage composition in the atmosphere?
- A.
Water vapor
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
Methane
- D.
Ozone
Correct Answer
A. Water vaporExplanation
Water vapor has the highest percentage composition in the atmosphere compared to carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone. This is because water vapor is constantly being evaporated into the atmosphere from bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers. Additionally, water vapor is also released into the atmosphere through processes like transpiration from plants. Carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone, on the other hand, are present in much lower concentrations in the atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 30.
60% of the CFC-12 will disappear from the atmosphere in about...
- A.
55 years
- B.
116 years
- C.
173 years
- D.
210 years
Correct Answer
B. 116 yearsExplanation
CFC-12, also known as chlorofluorocarbon-12, is a harmful substance that contributes to ozone depletion. The question asks about the time it takes for 60% of CFC-12 to disappear from the atmosphere. The correct answer is 116 years. This means that over a period of 116 years, 60% of the CFC-12 will break down or be removed from the atmosphere through various processes. It is important to reduce the use of CFC-12 and other ozone-depleting substances to protect the ozone layer and the environment.Rate this question:
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- 31.
60% of the CFC-11 will disappear from the atmosphere in about...
- A.
55 years
- B.
116 years
- C.
173 years
- D.
210 years
Correct Answer
A. 55 yearsExplanation
CFC-11, a type of chlorofluorocarbon, has a long atmospheric lifetime. The correct answer, 55 years, suggests that after this period, approximately 60% of the CFC-11 will have disappeared from the atmosphere. This indicates that the compound undergoes slow degradation and removal processes, such as photolysis and reaction with other atmospheric chemicals. The shorter the atmospheric lifetime, the faster the compound is removed from the atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 32.
How many nanometers are in a meter?
Correct Answer
one billion, 10^9Explanation
There are one billion nanometers in a meter. This is because the prefix "nano-" represents one billionth of a unit. Therefore, when converting from meters to nanometers, we multiply by 10^9.Rate this question:
- 33.
How many nanometers are in a millimeter?
Correct Answer
one million, 10^6Explanation
There are one million nanometers in a millimeter. This conversion is based on the fact that there are 1,000,000 nanometers in a meter, and there are 1,000 millimeters in a meter. Therefore, by multiplying 1,000,000 nanometers by 1 millimeter per 1,000,000 nanometers, we get the equivalent of one millimeter, which is one million nanometers.Rate this question:
- 34.
How many nanometers are in a micron?
Correct Answer
one thousand 10^3Explanation
There are one thousand nanometers in a micron. This is because the prefix "nano-" represents a factor of 10^-9, and the prefix "micro-" represents a factor of 10^-6. Therefore, when converting from microns to nanometers, we multiply by 10^3 to account for the three orders of magnitude difference between the two units.Rate this question:
- 35.
The chemical symbol C6H12O6 represents?
- A.
Glucose
- B.
Sunlight
- C.
Carbon Dioxide
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. GlucoseExplanation
The chemical symbol C6H12O6 represents glucose. Glucose is a simple sugar and is an important source of energy for living organisms. It is a carbohydrate that is commonly found in plants and is a key component in cellular respiration, where it is broken down to release energy. The chemical formula C6H12O6 represents the molecular structure of glucose, with 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following is considered as an example of a carbon cycle?
- A.
Photosynthesis
- B.
Metabolism
- C.
Combustion
- D.
Sedimentation
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the options listed in the question are examples of processes that are part of the carbon cycle. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide into glucose, storing carbon in their tissues. Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including the breakdown and release of carbon compounds. Combustion involves the burning of fossil fuels, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Sedimentation refers to the process of organic matter sinking to the bottom of bodies of water, where it can be preserved as sedimentary rock. All of these processes contribute to the movement and transformation of carbon in the environment, making them examples of the carbon cycle.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Atmospheric CO2 emits infrared radiation..
- A.
Towards the sun.
- B.
In all directions.
- C.
Towards the earth.
Correct Answer
B. In all directions.Explanation
Atmospheric CO2 emits infrared radiation in all directions. This is because CO2 molecules can absorb and re-emit infrared radiation in any direction, not just towards the sun or towards the earth. When CO2 molecules absorb infrared radiation, they become excited and then release the energy by emitting radiation in all directions. This process is known as the greenhouse effect, where the emitted radiation traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Higher temperatures will change local and global ecosystems.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Higher temperatures can have significant impacts on both local and global ecosystems. As temperatures rise, it can lead to changes in precipitation patterns, melting of glaciers and ice caps, and shifts in the distribution and behavior of plant and animal species. These changes can disrupt the delicate balance of ecosystems, affecting biodiversity, food webs, and overall ecosystem functioning. Additionally, higher temperatures can also contribute to the spread of diseases and the degradation of habitats, further impacting ecosystems. Therefore, it is true that higher temperatures can change local and global ecosystems.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The recent increase of the world average temperature correlates with the recent rise of the concentration of atmospheric _____.
- A.
Water
- B.
Ozone
- C.
Sulfur Dioxide
- D.
Carbon Dioxide
Correct Answer
D. Carbon DioxideExplanation
The recent increase in the world average temperature is directly related to the rise in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to the greenhouse effect and causing global warming. As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, more heat is trapped, resulting in the rise in temperature. This correlation between the increase in temperature and the rise in carbon dioxide levels is supported by scientific evidence and extensive research.Rate this question:
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- 40.
July and August are such hot months for the Northern Hemisphere because...
- A.
The earth is closer to the sun.
- B.
The moon is full.
- C.
The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun.
- D.
The humidity is high.
Correct Answer
C. The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun.Explanation
The correct answer is that the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. During the months of July and August, the Northern Hemisphere experiences summer because it is tilted towards the sun. This tilt causes the sun's rays to hit the Northern Hemisphere at a more direct angle, resulting in longer days and more intense sunlight. As a result, the temperature in the Northern Hemisphere rises, making these months hot. Conversely, the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter during this time because it is tilted away from the sun.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The earth's axis is tilted to a line normal to the plane of the ellipse at an angle of ___.
- A.
30 degrees
- B.
13.45 degrees
- C.
5 degrees
- D.
23.45 degrees
Correct Answer
D. 23.45 degreesExplanation
The earth's axis is tilted to a line normal to the plane of the ellipse at an angle of 23.45 degrees. This tilt is known as the axial tilt or obliquity of the Earth. It is the reason for the changing seasons and the variation in daylight hours throughout the year. The tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight, leading to the different seasons experienced in different hemispheres.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The winter season is from...
- A.
June 21 to September 21
- B.
September 21 to December 22
- C.
December 22 to March 21
- D.
March 21 to June 21
Correct Answer
C. December 22 to March 21Explanation
The correct answer is December 22 to March 21. This is because December 22 marks the winter solstice, which is the official start of winter in the Northern Hemisphere. March 21 is the vernal equinox, which signifies the beginning of spring. Therefore, the period between these two dates is considered the winter season.Rate this question:
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- 43.
During photosynthesis, plants use Oxygen and produce Carbon Dioxide.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
During photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy. The carbon dioxide is taken in through small openings called stomata on the leaves, and the oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct. Therefore, the given statement is incorrect as it states the opposite of what actually happens during photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 44.
During the Little Ice Age the average world temperature drop was about ___.
- A.
1 Degree Fahrenheit
- B.
4 Degrees Fahrenheit
- C.
11 Degrees Fahrenheit
- D.
18 Degrees Fahrenheit
Correct Answer
B. 4 Degrees FahrenheitExplanation
During the Little Ice Age, the average world temperature dropped by about 4 degrees Fahrenheit. This period, which lasted from the 14th to the 19th century, was characterized by colder temperatures and extreme weather conditions. The drop in temperature had significant impacts on agriculture, ecosystems, and human societies, leading to crop failures, famine, and social unrest. The 4-degree Fahrenheit decrease in average temperature highlights the severity of this global cooling event.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The Little Ice Age lasted about...
- A.
40 Years
- B.
100 Years
- C.
500 Years
- D.
1200 Years
Correct Answer
C. 500 YearsExplanation
The Little Ice Age refers to a period of cooling that occurred between the 14th and 19th centuries. It was characterized by colder temperatures, glacial expansion, and extreme weather events. The correct answer is 500 years because this is the most accurate estimation of the duration of the Little Ice Age, spanning several centuries.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Glucose can be converted into other molecules such as?
- A.
Starch
- B.
Fats
- C.
Proteins
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Glucose can be converted into other molecules such as starch, fats, and proteins through various metabolic pathways. In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert glucose into starch for energy storage. Glucose can also be converted into fats through a process called lipogenesis, which occurs in the liver and adipose tissue. Additionally, glucose can be used as a precursor for protein synthesis in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as glucose can be converted into starch, fats, and proteins.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Arrange the following regions in order of decreasing wavelength, starting with the highest wavelength. I. UV light II. Infrared III. Visible
- A.
UV light, Infrared light, and Visible light
- B.
UV light, Visible light, and Infrared light
- C.
Infrared light, UV light, and Visible light
- D.
Infrared light, Visible light, and UV light
Correct Answer
D. Infrared light, Visible light, and UV lightExplanation
Infrared light has a longer wavelength than visible light, and UV light has the shortest wavelength among the three. Therefore, the correct order of decreasing wavelength is Infrared light, Visible light, and UV light.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Arrange the following colors in order of increasing wavelength, starting with the lowest wavelength. I. Red II. Violet III.Green
- A.
Red, Violet, and Green
- B.
Green, Red, and Violet
- C.
Violet, Green, and Red
- D.
Red, Green, and Violet
Correct Answer
C. Violet, Green, and RedExplanation
The colors of the visible light spectrum are arranged in order of increasing wavelength. Violet has the shortest wavelength, followed by green, and then red.Rate this question:
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- 49.
The Maunder Minimum refers to...
- A.
The lowest wine production in the US.
- B.
A minimum in solar sunspot activity.
- C.
The lowest average global temperature.
- D.
A minimum in atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Correct Answer
B. A minimum in solar sunspot activity.Explanation
The Maunder Minimum refers to a period of low solar sunspot activity. During this time, which occurred between 1645 and 1715, there was a significant decrease in the number of sunspots observed on the surface of the Sun. This phenomenon is named after the astronomer Edward Walter Maunder, who first identified the prolonged period of reduced solar activity. The Maunder Minimum is believed to have had an impact on Earth's climate, with some studies suggesting that it may have contributed to a cooling effect and even a "Little Ice Age" during that time.Rate this question:
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- 50.
How many major volcanic eruptions took place each century during the LIA?
- A.
3
- B.
4
- C.
5
- D.
6
Correct Answer
C. 5Explanation
During the Little Ice Age (LIA), there were five major volcanic eruptions that took place each century. This suggests that there was a relatively consistent pattern of volcanic activity during this period, with approximately one major eruption occurring every 20 years. The LIA was characterized by cooler temperatures and altered weather patterns, and these volcanic eruptions may have contributed to these climatic changes by releasing large amounts of ash and gases into the atmosphere, which can affect global temperature and precipitation patterns.Rate this question:
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