Comprehensive Questions From 1nx51
Edit Code 01 Intelligence Fundamentals 1 February 2011
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What‘s the definition of critical thinking according to Field Manual 2–33.4?
- A.
Reason
- B.
A process by which the analyst (thinker) improves the quality of his or her thinking by applying the scientific elements of reasoning and logic to gather, evaluate, and use information effectively
- C.
A process by which the analyst (thinker) improves the quality of his or her thinking by applying the scientific elements of reasoning and logic to gather and use information effectively
- D.
Furthermore, critical thinking enables an analyst to logically assess the quality of one‘s thinking and that of others to consistently arrive at a greater understanding in the pursuit of achieving wise judgments.
Correct Answer
B. A process by which the analyst (thinker) improves the quality of his or her thinking by applying the scientific elements of reasoning and logic to gather, evaluate, and use information effectivelyExplanation
The correct answer is a process by which the analyst (thinker) improves the quality of his or her thinking by applying the scientific elements of reasoning and logic to gather, evaluate, and use information effectively. This definition emphasizes the importance of using reasoning and logic to gather and evaluate information in order to improve the quality of thinking. It also highlights the goal of using critical thinking to effectively use information in decision-making.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is a declarative statement that has yet to be established as true?
- A.
Logic
- B.
Necessarily
- C.
Hypothesis
- D.
Questions
Correct Answer
C. HypothesisExplanation
A hypothesis is a declarative statement that has not been proven or established as true yet. It is a proposed explanation or prediction based on limited evidence or observations, which needs to be tested and supported by further research or evidence.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Individuals have a natural tendency to assume others think and perceive the world in the same way they would.
- A.
Mindset
- B.
Organization bias
- C.
Patterns
- D.
Bias
- E.
Cultural bias
- F.
Stereotyping
- G.
Advocacy
Correct Answer
E. Cultural biasExplanation
This answer suggests that the natural tendency of individuals to assume others think and perceive the world in the same way they would is a form of cultural bias. Cultural bias refers to the tendency to favor one's own culture or group over others, and assuming that others share the same perspectives and beliefs is a manifestation of this bias.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Common viewpoints amongst a small group of coworkers can lead to this.
- A.
Necessarily
- B.
Organization bias
- C.
Cognitive bias
- D.
Patterns
- E.
Cultural bias
Correct Answer
B. Organization biasExplanation
Organization bias refers to the tendency for individuals within a specific organization to adopt similar viewpoints or biases due to shared experiences, values, and norms within the workplace. In this context, when a small group of coworkers share common viewpoints, it suggests the presence of organization bias within that group. This bias can influence decision-making, problem-solving, and overall group dynamics within the organization.Rate this question:
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- 5.
When an analyst unconsciously ascribes attributes of one event to the other.
- A.
Patterns
- B.
Bias
- C.
Personal Bias
- D.
Organizational Bias
Correct Answer
A. PatternsExplanation
When an analyst unconsciously ascribes attributes of one event to the other, they may be recognizing patterns in the data that are not actually there. This can lead to bias in their analysis, as they may make assumptions or draw conclusions based on these perceived patterns. It is important for analysts to be aware of their personal biases and organizational biases, as these can also influence their interpretation of data.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Enable us to repeat an action we‘ve taken before without going through all the mental steps.
- A.
Organizational Bias
- B.
Mindset
- C.
Bias
- D.
Cultural bias
Correct Answer
C. BiasExplanation
Bias refers to the tendency to favor or hold a particular perspective, opinion, or belief. It can influence our thoughts, decisions, and actions, often without us being aware of it. In this context, bias can enable us to repeat an action we've taken before without going through all the mental steps. This means that our preconceived notions or biases can simplify decision-making processes by relying on past experiences or judgments, saving time and mental effort.Rate this question:
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- 7.
An analyst gives more importance to SECRET material than open source.
- A.
Mindset.
- B.
Organization bias
- C.
Personal bias
- D.
Bias
- E.
Cultural bias
- F.
Stereotyping
- G.
Advocacy
Correct Answer
C. Personal biasExplanation
The correct answer is personal bias. Personal bias refers to an individual's inclination or preference towards certain types of information or sources. In this case, the analyst has a personal bias towards SECRET material, indicating that they prioritize and give more importance to classified or confidential information over open source information. This bias may be influenced by personal beliefs, experiences, or perceptions of the value and reliability of different types of information.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A pattern of expectations that influence one to think in certain ways.
- A.
Mindset
- B.
Organization bias
- C.
Personal bias
- D.
Bias
- E.
Cultural bias
- F.
Stereotyping
- G.
Advocacy
Correct Answer
A. MindsetExplanation
A mindset refers to a pattern of expectations that influence one's thinking in certain ways. It is a mental attitude or inclination that shapes how individuals perceive and interpret information. A mindset can be positive or negative and can impact various aspects of life, including decision-making, problem-solving, and behavior. It is formed through experiences, beliefs, and values, and can be influenced by external factors such as culture, society, and personal biases. Having a growth mindset, for example, means believing in the ability to learn and improve, while a fixed mindset is characterized by a belief in innate abilities and limited potential for growth.Rate this question:
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- 9.
To ______________ is to calculate or think by forming a new statement based on statements already known or discovered, or to infer based on evidence.
Correct Answer
ReasonExplanation
The word "reason" means to calculate or think by forming a new statement based on statements already known or discovered, or to infer based on evidence. It involves logical thinking and drawing conclusions based on available information.Rate this question:
- 10.
Reasoning enables analysts to process information, formulate explanations, and to assign meaning to observed phenomena. There are three types of reasoning:
- A.
Deduct, Deduce, Inference,
- B.
Inference, Inductive, Absolute
- C.
Deduct, Induct, Retroactive
- D.
Inductive, Deductive, Abductive
Correct Answer
D. Inductive, Deductive, AbductiveExplanation
ï‚· Deductive reasoning: concluding something is true based on a general rule.
ï‚· Inductive reasoning: concluding something is true through logical conclusions based on facts.
ï‚· Abductive reasoning: concluding something is true by testing hypotheses with evidence.Rate this question:
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- 11.
__________ is a systematic application of reason to a particular branch of knowledge, in this case, the study of reasoning
Correct Answer
LogicExplanation
Logic is the systematic application of reason to a particular branch of knowledge, in this case, the study of reasoning. It involves the study of principles and methods used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning. Logic helps in analyzing arguments and determining their validity. It provides a framework for critical thinking and helps in making rational decisions based on sound reasoning.Rate this question:
- 12.
To think by forming a new statement on the basis of statements already known is ________
Correct Answer
ReasonExplanation
To think by forming a new statement on the basis of statements already known is called reasoning. Reasoning involves using logic and evidence to draw conclusions or make inferences. It allows us to analyze information, identify patterns, and make connections between different pieces of knowledge. By using reasoning, we can expand our understanding and generate new ideas or hypotheses.Rate this question:
- 13.
Inductive reasoning is concluding something is ________ true.
Correct Answer
ProbablyExplanation
Inductive reasoning: concluding something is true through logical conclusions based on facts.Rate this question:
- 14.
Deductive reasoning is concluding something is ________ true
Correct Answer
NecessarilyExplanation
Deductive reasoning: concluding something is true based on a general rule.Rate this question:
- 15.
Abductive reasoning involves the act of ________ to conclude something is plausibly true
Correct Answer
TestingExplanation
Abductive reasoning: concluding something is true by testing hypotheses with evidenceRate this question:
- 16.
When one is applying reason to any branch of knowledge, they are using ________.
Correct Answer
LogicExplanation
When one is applying reason to any branch of knowledge, they are using logic. Logic is the systematic and rational approach to thinking and reasoning. It involves using principles and rules to evaluate arguments, analyze information, and draw conclusions. By employing logic, individuals can effectively analyze and understand complex concepts, make sound judgments, and solve problems. Logic is an essential tool in various disciplines, including mathematics, philosophy, science, and computer programming.Rate this question:
- 17.
_________ initiate reasoning
Correct Answer
QuestionsExplanation
The given statement suggests that questions initiate reasoning. This means that when we ask questions, it prompts us to think and analyze, leading to the process of reasoning. Questions help to stimulate curiosity, encourage critical thinking, and promote problem-solving skills. By asking questions, we are able to gather information, evaluate different perspectives, and come to logical conclusions. Therefore, questions play a crucial role in initiating the reasoning process.Rate this question:
- 18.
Critical thinking involves a solid understanding of eight elements of reasoning: questions, perspective, purpose, assumptions, inference, information, concepts, and implications
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Critical thinking does indeed involve a solid understanding of the eight elements of reasoning mentioned: questions, perspective, purpose, assumptions, inference, information, concepts, and implications. These elements are essential for analyzing and evaluating arguments, making informed decisions, and solving problems effectively. Understanding these elements helps individuals to think critically by considering different perspectives, questioning assumptions, making logical inferences, and understanding the implications of their thoughts and actions. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Questions of fact usually have _________ answer.
Correct Answer
oneExplanation
Questions of fact usually have only one answer.Rate this question:
- 20.
Questions of preference have more than one answer involving _____________.
Correct Answer
The target‘s point of view
targets point of view
target point of viewExplanation
Questions of preference have more than one answer involving the target's point of view, as different individuals may have different preferences and perspectives. The target's point of view refers to the viewpoint or opinion of the person or group that is the focus or intended recipient of the question. Therefore, when it comes to matters of preference, the answer can vary depending on the target's perspective.Rate this question:
- 21.
Questions of judgment are answered by interpreting facts.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Questions of judgment are answered by interpreting facts and observations.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Explain how to establish the scope to solve a problem.
Correct Answer
Questions - 23.
Three types of questions are ________, ________, and ________.
Correct Answer
Fact, Preference, JudgmentExplanation
The correct answer is fact, preference, judgment. This answer categorizes questions into three types based on the nature of the information being sought. Fact questions aim to obtain objective information that can be proven or disproven. Preference questions seek personal opinions or choices. Judgment questions require the respondent to evaluate and provide a subjective assessment or analysis.Rate this question:
- 24.
The goal or desired end-state by reasoning describes which element of thought?
Correct Answer
PurposeExplanation
The goal or desired end-state by reasoning refers to the purpose of thinking or the objective that one wants to achieve through their reasoning. It involves understanding why one is engaging in a particular line of thinking and what they hope to accomplish by doing so. Identifying the purpose helps to guide and focus the thinking process towards achieving the desired outcome.Rate this question:
- 25.
What is used to bridge the gap between what is known and unknown?
Correct Answer
AssumptionsExplanation
Assumptions are used to bridge the gap between what is known and unknown. Assumptions are beliefs or ideas that are taken for granted or accepted as true without proof. They help fill in the missing information and make educated guesses about the unknown based on what is already known. Assumptions act as a link between the known facts and the unknown, allowing for the formation of logical conclusions or decisions.Rate this question:
- 26.
To conclude something is true based on something else being true describes which element of thought?
Correct Answer
InferenceExplanation
Inference is the correct answer because it refers to the process of drawing a conclusion or making a judgment based on evidence or reasoning. When we conclude that something is true based on the truth of something else, we are using inference. This element of thought involves using logical reasoning to reach a logical conclusion.Rate this question:
- 27.
___ Can be definitive, "true or false".
Correct Answer
AccuracyExplanation
Accuracy can be definitive because it refers to the level of correctness or precision in measurement or information. It is a binary concept where something can either be accurate or inaccurate, true or false. Accuracy is often used to evaluate the reliability and trustworthiness of data, measurements, or statements, making it a definitive attribute.Rate this question:
- 28.
___ Get your point across clearly.
Correct Answer
ClarityExplanation
The word "clarity" is used as a verb in this sentence to convey the idea of making sure that your point is communicated clearly and effectively. It suggests the importance of being concise, understandable, and transparent in one's communication to ensure that the intended message is easily comprehended by others.Rate this question:
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