Chapter 23
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Digestive System
- 1.Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?
- A.
Emulsification
- B.
Mechanical digestion
- C.
Peristalsis
- D.
Aborption
- 2.Which of the following best describes why food moves through the digestive system from the mouth toward the anus?
- A.
Emulsification
- B.
Mastication
- C.
Defecation
- D.
Peristalsis
- 3.Food moves through the esophagus to the
- A.
Cecum
- B.
Duodenum
- C.
Stomach
- D.
Common bile duct
- 4.The fundus, body, and pylorus are parts of the
- A.
Small intestine
- B.
Large intestine
- C.
Biliary tree
- D.
Stomach
- 5.The stomach mixes and mashes a bolus of food that is called
- A.
Feces
- B.
Flatus
- C.
Chyle
- D.
Chyme
- 6.
- A.
- 7.The appendix
- A.
Is located in the right upper quadrant
- B.
Can rupture and cause peritonitis
- C.
Is attache to the sigmoid colon
- D.
Is located in the dorsal cavity
- 8.Which of the following form(s) the large intestine?
- A.
Duodenum, ileum, and jejunum
- B.
Colon
- C.
Fundus, body, and pylorus
- D.
Sphincter of Oddi and ampulla of Vater
- 9.What is the most important nerve of the digestive tract?
- A.
Phrenic
- B.
Sciatic
- C.
Vagus
- D.
Olfactory
- 10.Bile is not found in this structure.
- A.
Cystic duct
- B.
Liver
- C.
Pancreas
- D.
Duodenum
- 11.This is the site of most chemical digestion.
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Mouth
- C.
Cecum
- D.
Duodenum
- 12.This is the site of absorption for most end-products of digestion
- A.
Duodenum
- B.
Ileum
- C.
Colon
- D.
Stomach
- 13.Which surgical procedure is most likely to cause dumping syndrome?
- A.
Appendectomy
- B.
Colostomy
- C.
Gastrectomy
- D.
Cholecystectomy
- 14.This organ secretes the most potent of the digestive enzymes.
- A.
Liver
- B.
Pancreas
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Spleen
- 15.Which of the following best describes the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum?
- A.
Colon
- B.
Biliary tree
- C.
Hepatic portal circulation
- D.
Small intestine
- 16.The word hepatic refers to the
- A.
Pancreas
- B.
Portal vein
- C.
Mesentery
- D.
Liver
- 17.The sigmoid is part of the
- A.
Small intestine
- B.
Colon
- C.
Hepatic portal circulation
- D.
Stomach
- 18.The common bile duct empties its contents into the
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Base of the esophagus
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Cecum
- 19.Which structure prevents gastric reflux?
- A.
Pyloric valve
- B.
Ileocecal valve
- C.
Lower esophageal sphincter
- D.
Anal sphincter
- 20.This organ synthesizes clotting factors, stores vitamins, detoxifies drugs, and helps regulate blood glucose.
- A.
Pancreas
- B.
Liver
- C.
Stomach
- D.
Appendix
- 21.The cecum is part of the
- A.
Duodenum
- B.
Large intestine
- C.
Biliary tree
- D.
Stomach
- 22.This membrane resembles an apron draped over the abdominal organs
- A.
Cecum
- B.
Omentum
- C.
Cementum
- D.
Gingiva
- 23.Enamel, dentin, and cementum are related to this structure
- A.
Tooth
- B.
Liver
- C.
Colon
- D.
Villi
- 24.Deciduous, baby, and milk are descriptive for which structure?
- A.
Gums
- B.
Sinuses
- C.
Teeth
- D.
Tonsils
- 25.The appendix is attached to this structure.
- A.
Cecum
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Pylorus
- D.
Sigmoid
- 26.The elimination of gas that is produced during digestion and released from the anus is called
- A.
Flatulence
- B.
Eructation
- C.
Deglutition
- D.
Mastication
- 27.Emulsification is most associated with this substance.
- A.
Trypsin
- B.
Hydrochloric acid
- C.
Bile
- D.
Ptyalin
- 28.Which enzyme is found in saliva?
- A.
Bile
- B.
Trypsin
- C.
Ptyalin
- D.
Lipase
- 29.Which of the following produces amino acids as its end-product of digestion?
- A.
Bile
- B.
Lipase
- C.
Trypsin
- D.
Amylase
- 30.Which of the following produces the disaccharides as its end-products of digestion?
- A.
Lipase
- B.
Amylase
- C.
Hydrochloric acid
- D.
Gastrin
- 31.Which of the following is least characteristic of glucose?
- A.
Monosaccharide
- B.
Carbohydrate
- C.
An end-product of digestion by a disaccharidase
- D.
Trypsin
- 32.Gingiva refers to the
- A.
Teeth
- B.
Microvilli
- C.
Gums
- D.
Tongue
- 33.Deglutition refers to
- A.
Chewing
- B.
Peristalsis
- C.
Swallowing
- D.
Burping
- 34.Chyle is found within the
- A.
Portal vein
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Lacteals
- D.
Pancreas
- 35.This organ produces bile and secretes it into the hepatic ducts
- A.
Pancreas
- B.
Gallbladder
- C.
Spleen
- D.
Liver
- 36.Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular refer to
- A.
Parts of the large intestine.
- B.
Digestive enzymes
- C.
Salivary glands
- D.
Hepatic ducts
- 37.The wall of this structure secretes cholecystokinin.
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Pylorus
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Cecum
- 38.Gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin are
- A.
Secreted by the stomach
- B.
Amylases
- C.
Emulsifying agents
- D.
Hormones
- 39.Cholecystokinin regulates the secretion of
- A.
Ptyalin
- B.
Bile
- C.
Mucus
- D.
Saliva
- 40.The primary function of this organ is to deliver chyme to the duodenum at the proper rate
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Colon
- C.
Liver
- D.
Stomach
- 41.The wall of this structure secretes the disaccharidases.
- A.
Gallbladder
- B.
Duodenum
- C.
Pancreas
- D.
Stomach
- 42.This is the chief organ of drug detoxification
- A.
Pancreas
- B.
Cecum
- C.
Liver
- D.
Stomach
- 43.The portal vein carries blood that is rich in digestive end-products to this organ
- A.
Liver
- B.
Pancreas
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Pylorus
- 44.This flap of tissue prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages
- A.
Appendix
- B.
Uvula
- C.
Palatine tonsils
- D.
Epiglottis
- 45.Which of the following refers to the roof of the mouth?
- A.
Uvula
- B.
Tonsil
- C.
Frenulum
- D.
Palate
- 46.What is the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?
- A.
Trachea
- B.
Esophagus
- C.
Pylorus
- D.
Ampulla of Vater
- 47.What is the sphincter that allows food to enter the stomach from the esophagus?
- A.
Sphincter of Oddi
- B.
Pyloric sphincter
- C.
Lower esophageal sphincter
- D.
Pharyngoesophageal sphincter
- 48.Which of the following structures allow(s) the stomach to expand?
- A.
Chief cells
- B.
The appendix
- C.
Villi
- D.
Rugae
- 49.This structure is located between the cecum and the transverse colon
- A.
Appendix
- B.
Ileocecal valve
- C.
Sigmoid
- D.
Ascending colon
- 50.The pyloric sphincter is located between the duodenum and this structure
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Common bile duct
- C.
Jejunum
- D.
Esophagus
- 51.The ampulla of Vater and the sphincter of Oddi are located between the common bile duct and this structure.
- A.
Gallbladder
- B.
Liver
- C.
Pylorus
- D.
Duodenum
- 52.The duodenum
- A.
Receives partially digested food from the jejunum
- B.
Pumps food through the sphincter of Oddi into the ampulla of Vater
- C.
Is the site where most digestion and absorption occur
- D.
Forms both the hepatic and splenic flexures
- 53.Which structure contains the villi, microvilli, and brush border cells?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Esophagus
- C.
Cecum
- D.
Duodenum
- 54.The cecum, colon, and rectum are parts of this structure
- A.
Hepatic portal system
- B.
Small intestine
- C.
Large intestine
- D.
Biliary tree
- 55.The liver lobule secretes
- A.
Bile
- B.
Cholecystokinin
- C.
Lipase
- D.
Chyle
- 56.The cystic duct, common bile duct, and the hepatic ducts
- A.
Are parts of the biliary tree.
- B.
Carry chyle
- C.
Are parts of the small intestine
- D.
Are parts of the hepatic portal circulation
- 57.Which of the following is most likely to cause ascites and esophageal varices?
- A.
Common bile duct obstruction
- B.
Gallstones
- C.
Stenosis of the pyloric valve
- D.
Increased portal vein pressure
- 58.Which of the following is a digestive enzyme?
- A.
Gastrin
- B.
Trypsin
- C.
Cholcystokinin
- D.
Secretin
- 59.Which of the following is a hormone?
- A.
HC1
- B.
Cholecystokinin
- C.
Trypsin
- D.
Lipase
- 60.Which statement is true?
- A.
Cholecystokinin is an amylase
- B.
Secretin is stored in the gallbladder
- C.
Trypsin is secreted by the liver
- D.
Trypsin is an enzyme that digests protein
- 61.Sucrase, maltase, and lactase are
- A.
Secreted by the pancreas
- B.
Gastric enzymes
- C.
Disaccharidases
- D.
Emulsifying agents
- 62.Amylases
- A.
Digest carbohydrates
- B.
Emulsify fat
- C.
Are gastric hormones
- D.
Are proteolytic
- 63.Which of the following is true of lipase?
- A.
Digests fats
- B.
Emulsifies fats
- C.
Synthesizes fats from fatty acids and glycerol
- D.
Stimulates the walls of the duodenum to secrete cholecystokinin
- 64.Which condition is most likely to be caused by pyloric stenosis?
- A.
Diarrhea
- B.
Jaundice
- C.
Projectile vomiting
- D.
Ascites
- 65.Which condition is associated with the base of the esophagus, fundus of the stomach, and diaphragm?
- A.
Pyloric stenosis
- B.
Cholecystitis
- C.
Portal hypertension
- D.
Hiatal hernia
- 66.Which of the following is caused by portal hypertension?
- A.
Cholecystitis
- B.
Jaundice
- C.
Esophageal varices
- D.
Cirrhosis of the liver
- 67.Which of the following is most related to esophageal reflux?
- A.
Inguinal hernia
- B.
Hemorrhoids
- C.
Pyrosis
- D.
Appendicitis
- 68.Hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, and gastrin are
- A.
Hormones
- B.
Enzymes
- C.
Secreted by the stomach
- D.
Disaccharidases
- 69.Peristalsis
- A.
Cannot be affected by drugs
- B.
Is due to contraction of smooth muscle
- C.
Only occurs within the small intestines
- D.
Normally moves chyme into the biliary tree
- 70.Which of the following does not communicate with the common bile duct?
- A.
Cystic duct
- B.
Duodenum
- C.
Portal vein
- D.
Hepatic ducts
- 71.A drug that blocks vagal activity
- A.
Slows GI motility and reduces GI secretions
- B.
Increases the secretion of bile
- C.
Speeds up peristalsis
- D.
Causes diarrhea
- 72.An antacid drug exerts its effect in the
- A.
Buccal cavity
- B.
Common bile duct
- C.
Hepatic portal circulation
- D.
Stomach
- 73.Pain in the RLQ is most characteristic of
- A.
Hiatal hernia
- B.
Dumping syndrome
- C.
Appendicitis
- D.
GERD
- 74.This structure is located between the common bile duct and the duodenum
- A.
Cystic duct
- B.
Hepatic duct
- C.
Pyloric valve
- D.
Sphincter of Oddi
- 75.Obstruction of the common bile duct causes
- A.
Pain in the RLQ
- B.
GERD
- C.
Jaundice
- D.
Lactose intolerance
- 76.Lactose intolerance is a ___________ problem
- A.
Disaccharidase
- B.
HC1
- C.
Bile
- D.
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- 77.Impaired hepatic function
- A.
Causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia
- B.
Often causes plasma drug levels to increase to toxic concentrations
- C.
Causes lactose intolerance
- D.
Causes gastric reflux and pyrosis
- 78.Which of the following is least related to fat digestion?
- A.
Trypsin
- B.
Bile
- C.
Cholecystokinin
- D.
Lipase
- 79.The hepatic flexure does not involve the
- A.
Ascending colon
- B.
Esophagus
- C.
Transverse colon
- D.
Large intestine
- 80.The splenic flexure does not involve the
- A.
Ascending colon
- B.
Large intestine
- C.
Descending colon
- D.
Transverse colon
- 81.Which group is incorrect?
- A.
Salivary glands: sublingual, submandibular, parotid
- B.
Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
- C.
Digestive enzymes: amylase, protease, lipase
- D.
Large intestine: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid
- 82.Which group is incorrect?
- A.
Cells in the stomach: chief, parietal, mucus-secreting
- B.
Hormones: gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin
- C.
Blood vessels of the portal system: portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein
- D.
Biliary tree structures: cystic duct, portal vein, common bile duct
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