1.
When did Ci Xi oppose reforms?
Correct Answer
D. 1898
Explanation
In 1898, Ci Xi opposed reforms. This suggests that prior to this year, Ci Xi may have been more open to or supportive of reforms. The opposition to reforms in 1898 could have been due to various factors such as political pressure, fear of losing power or control, or disagreement with the proposed reforms. However, without further context, it is difficult to determine the specific reasons behind Ci Xi's opposition to reforms in 1898.
2.
When did the Tai Ping Rebellion begin?
Correct Answer
A. 1850
Explanation
The Tai Ping Rebellion began in 1850. This is the correct answer as it is the only option that falls within a reasonable timeframe for the rebellion to have occurred. The other options, 999, 1000 B.C., and 23 B.C., are not historically accurate as they are too early in history for the Tai Ping Rebellion to have taken place.
3.
Why did the Qing dynasty decline?
Correct Answer
C. Internal & external pressures
Explanation
The decline of the Qing dynasty can be attributed to internal and external pressures. Internally, the dynasty faced corruption, economic instability, and social unrest. Externally, they struggled with foreign invasions and encroachment, particularly from European powers. These pressures weakened the Qing government's control and authority, leading to a loss of legitimacy and ultimately contributing to the downfall of the dynasty.
4.
Who made the trade of Opium illegal?
Correct Answer
A. The Chinese
Explanation
The Chinese made the trade of Opium illegal. This was due to the negative effects that Opium had on their society, including addiction and social unrest. The Chinese government implemented strict laws and regulations to prohibit the production, sale, and consumption of Opium in order to protect their citizens and maintain social order. This decision had significant implications for international trade and relations, particularly with Western powers involved in the Opium trade.
5.
Ci Xi was a ...
Correct Answer
A. Chinese Empress
Explanation
Ci Xi was a Chinese Empress because she was a prominent figure in Chinese history. She was a powerful and influential woman who held significant political power during the late Qing Dynasty. Ci Xi's reign lasted for nearly 50 years, and she played a crucial role in shaping China's politics and policies during that time. Her status as a Chinese Empress is well-documented and widely recognized in historical records.
6.
When did Sun Yat-sen issue a reform program?
Correct Answer
A. 1905
Explanation
Sun Yat-sen issued a reform program in 1905. This was a significant year in Chinese history as it marked the beginning of the revolutionary movement against the Qing dynasty. Sun Yat-sen's reform program aimed to modernize China and establish a democratic government. He called for the overthrow of the Qing dynasty and the implementation of a series of political, economic, and social reforms. The program laid the foundation for the subsequent revolution and the eventual establishment of the Republic of China.
7.
In 1908 who died?
Correct Answer
A. Emperor Guang Xu & Empress Dowager Ci Xi
Explanation
Emperor Guang Xu and Empress Dowager Ci Xi died in 1908.
8.
When did the Qing dynasty collapse?
Correct Answer
D. 1911
Explanation
The Qing dynasty collapsed in 1911. This marked the end of imperial rule in China, as the Xinhai Revolution led to the overthrow of the Qing government. The revolution was a result of various factors, including social unrest, economic decline, and the influence of revolutionary ideas. The collapse of the Qing dynasty paved the way for the establishment of the Republic of China and the beginning of a new era in Chinese history.
9.
Who wrote the trilogy Family, Spring, and Autumn?
Correct Answer
A. Ba Jin
Explanation
Ba Jin is the correct answer because he is a renowned Chinese author who wrote the trilogy Family, Spring, and Autumn. His works are considered classics in Chinese literature and explore themes of family, societal change, and individual struggles. Ba Jin's writing style and storytelling have made a significant impact on Chinese literature, making him a well-known and respected figure in the literary world.
10.
Commodities are....
Correct Answer
A. Marketable products
Explanation
Commodities are marketable products that can be bought and sold. They are items that have value and can be traded in markets. This includes goods such as agricultural products, raw materials, metals, energy resources, and financial instruments. Commodities are essential for the functioning of the global economy as they are used in various industries and play a crucial role in international trade.
11.
Concessions are....
Correct Answer
B. Political Compromises
Explanation
The correct answer is "Political Compromises". Concessions refer to compromises made by parties involved in a negotiation or dispute, where each side gives up something in order to reach a mutually acceptable agreement. This term is commonly used in politics, where politicians make concessions to find common ground and pass legislation or resolve conflicts. Therefore, "Political Compromises" accurately describes the concept of concessions.
12.
When did Commodore Perry arrive in Japan?
Correct Answer
A. 1853
Explanation
Commodore Perry arrived in Japan in 1853. This marked the beginning of a significant event in Japanese history known as the Perry Expedition. Perry's arrival was a catalyst for the opening of Japan to the Western world after more than two centuries of isolation. His visit eventually led to the signing of the Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854, which established diplomatic relations between the United States and Japan and opened several Japanese ports to American trade.
13.
When did Japan pursue imperialist policy?
Correct Answer
A. 1874
Explanation
Japan pursued an imperialist policy in 1874. This means that in that year, Japan began to expand its influence and territory through colonization, annexation, and military conquest. This policy aimed to increase Japan's power and resources, establish colonies, and assert dominance over other nations. The pursuit of an imperialist policy allowed Japan to become a major global power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
14.
When did Japan defeat Russia?
Correct Answer
C. 1905
Explanation
Japan defeated Russia in 1905. This refers to the Russo-Japanese War, which took place from 1904 to 1905. The conflict began when Japan launched a surprise attack on the Russian naval base at Port Arthur in February 1904. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth in September 1905, which was mediated by the United States. Japan's victory over Russia marked the first time an Asian power had defeated a European power in a modern war, establishing Japan as a major world power and leading to significant geopolitical shifts in East Asia.
15.
Before the Meiji reforms, Japanese society could be described as:
Correct Answer
A. Community & Hierarchy
Explanation
Before the Meiji reforms, Japanese society was characterized by a strong sense of community and a rigid hierarchical structure. The community aspect emphasized collective responsibility, harmony, and loyalty to one's group or family. This was reflected in the close-knit nature of Japanese villages and the importance placed on maintaining social order and stability. At the same time, the hierarchical structure was evident in the strict social classes, with the samurai class at the top and the peasants at the bottom. This hierarchical system dictated people's roles, obligations, and opportunities based on their birth and social status.
16.
What ruled the Japanese islands for 200 years?
Correct Answer
B. Tokugawa Shogunate
Explanation
The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled the Japanese islands for 200 years. This period, known as the Edo period, lasted from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa Shogunate was a feudal military government that centralized power and established a strict social hierarchy in Japan. During this time, the country experienced relative peace and stability, with the samurai class being the ruling elite. The Tokugawa Shogunate also implemented policies that limited foreign influence and trade, leading to a period of isolationism in Japan.
17.
What was a key focus to Meiji reformers?
Correct Answer
A. Military
Explanation
The key focus of Meiji reformers was the military. This is because the Meiji period in Japan was characterized by a modernization and Westernization movement, and the reformers believed that a strong military was crucial for Japan to become a respected and powerful nation on the global stage. They implemented various reforms in the military sector, including the establishment of a conscription system, modernization of weaponry and tactics, and the creation of a centralized military command structure. These reforms played a significant role in Japan's transformation into a major world power in the 20th century.
18.
What leaders had genuinely mistrusted the West?
Correct Answer
A. Sat-Cho
19.
Who was the symbol of the new era?
Correct Answer
A. Young Emperor, Mutsuhito
Explanation
Mutsuhito, also known as Emperor Meiji, was the symbol of the new era in Japan. He ascended to the throne at a young age and played a crucial role in the Meiji Restoration, which brought about significant political, social, and economic changes in Japan. During his reign, Japan modernized and adopted Western ideas and technologies, transforming itself from a feudal society into a modern industrialized nation. Mutsuhito's leadership and vision symbolized the new era of progress and modernization in Japan.
20.
The Meiji leaders realized the need for...
Correct Answer
A. Universal Education
Explanation
The Meiji leaders realized the need for universal education because they understood that a well-educated population was crucial for the modernization and progress of Japan. By providing education to all citizens, they aimed to create a skilled workforce, promote social mobility, and foster a sense of national identity. This emphasis on education played a key role in Japan's transformation from a feudal society to an industrialized nation in a relatively short period of time.