Chapter 13: Using Alcohol & Other Drugs
(254).jpg "Chapter 13: Using Alcohol & Other Drugs")
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- 1.Children from wealthy families are at _____ risk for drug and alcohol problems
- A.
>
- B.
Lesser
- C.
Comparable
- D.
Almost certain
- 2.A history of social attitudes towards drunkenness reveals that
- A.
Drunkenness has always been acceptable in wine-drinking countries
- B.
Drunkenness and drinking have been equally condemned
- C.
Drunkenness has generally been acceptable in beer-drinking countries
- D.
Drunkenness has always been unacceptable except for special occasions
- 3.With regard to the consumption of alcohol in the US, it is most accurate to say that about
- A.
90% of adults drink; about 1/4 abuse alcohol
- B.
75% of adults drink; about 1/10 abuse alcohol
- C.
66% of adults drink; about 20% binge drink
- D.
90% of adults drink; about 5% abuse alcohol
- 4.The highest rate of binge drinking in the US is among
- A.
Teenagers
- B.
The elderly
- C.
Women
- D.
Young adults, 18 to 25 years of age
- 5.In general, _____ are less likely to binge or drink heavily, whereas ______ are more likely to be heavy and problem drinkers
- A.
College graduates...high school dropouts
- B.
High school dropouts...college graduates
- C.
College graduates...high school dropouts
- D.
Men...women
- 6.Carla, a 120-lb. woman, and her twin brother Carlos, a 200-lb. man, decided to celebrate their 21st birthday by equally dividing a six-pack of beer, although neither had consumed much alcohol before this time. You would guess that
- A.
Carla will be more affected by the beer than Carlos
- B.
Carlos will be more affected by the beer than Carla
- C.
The twins will be equally affected by the beer
- D.
Neither will be affected by the beer, because beer does not contain enough alcohol to bring about intoxication
- 7.When a drug becomes incorporated into the functioning of the body's cells and thus becomes necessary for "normal" functioning, ____ has occurred
- A.
Dependence
- B.
Tolerance
- C.
Withdrawal
- D.
Death
- 8.Restlessness, irritation, having the "shakes," and other signs that the body is adjusting to functioning without alcohol are called
- A.
Dependence
- B.
Tolerance
- C.
Withdrawal symptoms
- D.
Habituation
- 9.Erick drinks about seven or eight drinks a day. Besides the risk of addiction Erick's greatest INCREASED risk is that of
- A.
Heart disease
- B.
Oral cancer
- C.
Stroke
- D.
Cirrhosis of the liver
- 10.Korsakoff's syndrome is sometimes found among long-term, heavy users of alcohol and is characterized by
- A.
Nonfunctional scar tissue on the liver
- B.
Confusion, disorientation, and memory impairment
- C.
High blood pressure and rapid, irregular heartbeat
- D.
Excessive trembling, sweating, anxiety, and hallucinations
- 11.Women who drink 2-5 drinks a day
- A.
Have decreased risk of breast cancer
- B.
Have increased risk of breast cancer
- C.
Have increased risk of breast cancer if they drink liquor, but no increased risk if they drink beer or wine
- D.
Both b and c are correct
- 12.Research continues to show that
- A.
Moderate drinkers have a lower death rate than nondrinkers
- B.
Moderate drinkers have a lower death rate than heavy drinkers
- C.
Nondrinkers have a lower death rate than heavy drinkers
- D.
All of these are true
- 13.In most studies of the relationship betwen drinking and mortality rate, a J-shaped or U-shaped relationship has been found. This pattern suggests that
- A.
Light and moderate drinkers have a higher death rate than heavy drinkers
- B.
Moderate and heavy drinkers have a lower death rate than light drinkers
- C.
Light and nondrinkers have a higher death rate than heavy drinkers
- D.
Light and moderate drinkers have a lower death rate than nondrinkers or heavy drinkers
- 14.Several explanations have been suggested for the observed J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and death from coronary heart disease. Which of these explanations is supported by research?
- A.
Heavy drinkers were biased in their self-reports of drinking
- B.
Former heavy drinkers were listed among the abstainers
- C.
A single personality type is responsible for both drinking and for a low genetic risk of heart disease
- D.
None of these are true
- 15.Low to moderate levels of drinking decrease the risk for ___, but high levels of drinking increase the risk for ___.
- A.
Automobile crashes...automobile crashes
- B.
Alzheimer's disease...Korsakoff's syndrome
- C.
Bicycle injuries...ulcers
- D.
Gallstones...lung cancer
- 16.Children of problem drinkers, more often than children of nonproblem drinkers, become problem drinkers. This finding suggests that
- A.
Drinking problems are caused by a specific gene
- B.
There is no interaction of genes and environment that produces problem drinking
- C.
The environment makes no contribution to drinking problems
- D.
Drinking problems have a genetic component
- 17.The disease model explains why people ___ better than ___.
- A.
Drink too much...why people start drinking
- B.
Epxerience cognitive deficits while drinking...why some people can abstain from drinking
- C.
Model the drinking behavior of others...why people drink too much
- D.
Start drinking...the genetic contributions to alcoholism
- 18.Claude Steele's alcohol myopia model assumes that
- A.
Alcohol facilitates insightful cognitive processing
- B.
Alcohol alters thoughts related to the self, stress, and social anxiety
- C.
Alcohol consumption leads to impaired vision and coordination
- D.
Alcohol improves one's vision of reality
- 19.The observation that people in different cultures have different beliefs about alcohol's effects tends to support
- A.
The social learning model
- B.
The self-awareness model
- C.
The tension reduction model
- D.
The alcohol myopia model
- 20.In order to avoid withdrawal symptoms, Anton has another drink. In fact, Anton drinks in the morning, afternoon, evening, and night. What psychological concept best explains his behavior?
- A.
Positive reinforcement
- B.
Negative reinforcement
- C.
Tension reduction
- D.
Self-efficacy
- 21.The Alcoholics Anonymous doctrine
- A.
Calls for complete abstinence
- B.
Adopts a psychological approach to quitting drinking
- C.
Holds that most alcoholics will eventually be cured for their problem drinking
- D.
Incldues the notion that its members must give up tobacco products as well as alcohol
- 22.Motivational interviewing is a psychotherapy technique used for treating problem drinking, and this technique has the advantage of
- A.
Having 90% improvement rate for problem drinking
- B.
Being more effective in group settings than when administered individually
- C.
Being a brief intervetion that requires few sessions
- D.
All of these
- 23.Studies on controlled drinking have found that
- A.
No true alcoholics can be trained to resume normal drinking
- B.
All subjects were functioning well after three years
- C.
Abstinence-oriented programs sometimes produce controlled drinkers
- D.
Participants trained to abstain were more likely to be successful than those trained to control their drinking
- 24.The neurotransmitter ___ is involved in the effects of several drugs that affect brain function.
- A.
Dopamine
- B.
Epinephrine
- C.
THC
- D.
Methylapoprobate
- 25.The drug MDMA ("Ecstasy") produces its effects by
- A.
Prompting neurons to release stored dopamine in greater than normal amounts
- B.
Slowing the release of GABA
- C.
Prompting the massive release of serotonin
- D.
Inhibiting the release of dopamine
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