Chapter 1 And 2 Test 2/16/09
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This is a test about European colonization of America through the Revolutionary War.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Why did Columbus come to America?
- A.
He was looking for a new source of gold and slaves.
- B.
He wanted to find a quicker way to India/China.
- C.
He was trying to find a quicker way to Africa.
- D.
He was ordered to find new land for Spain.
Correct Answer
B. He wanted to find a quicker way to India/China.Explanation
Columbus came to America because he wanted to find a quicker way to India/China. He believed that by sailing west instead of east, he could reach these lucrative trading destinations faster. This was his main motivation for embarking on his famous voyage, which ultimately led to the discovery of the Americas.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What made the Native Americans more susceptible to contagious diseases carried by the Europeans?
- A.
They had not lived as closely together as the Europeans.
- B.
They did not have the same medicine the Europeans had.
- C.
The climate of America was different than Europe.
- D.
They were genetically different than the Europeans.
Correct Answer
A. They had not lived as closely together as the Europeans.Explanation
The Native Americans were more susceptible to contagious diseases carried by the Europeans because they had not lived as closely together as the Europeans. This meant that they had not developed the same level of immunity to these diseases, making them more vulnerable to outbreaks. The close living conditions of the Europeans allowed for the rapid spread of diseases, while the Native Americans' more dispersed populations made it harder for them to contain and combat these illnesses.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Europeans explored and settled in America for all of the following reasons except:
- A.
They wanted to find valuables such as gold and silver.
- B.
They wanted new lands for settlement.
- C.
To find a faster way to get to Asia.
- D.
To convert native peoples to Christianity.
- E.
None of the above.
Correct Answer
E. None of the above.Explanation
The Europeans explored and settled in America for all of the given reasons. They wanted to find valuable resources like gold and silver, they sought new lands for settlement, and they were also looking for a faster route to Asia. Additionally, they aimed to convert the native peoples to Christianity. Therefore, none of the above reasons can be excluded as the Europeans' motivations for exploring and settling in America.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What was the main purpose the English had for the Jamestown settlement?
- A.
For people to have religious freedom.
- B.
To make money for England.
- C.
To convert the Native Americans to Christianity.
- D.
To have a place for people to settle.
Correct Answer
B. To make money for England.Explanation
The main purpose of the English for establishing the Jamestown settlement was to make money for England. This can be inferred from the historical context of the time, as the English were seeking to establish colonies in order to exploit the abundant natural resources and establish profitable trade routes. The establishment of Jamestown was primarily driven by economic motivations, such as finding gold and other valuable resources, as well as establishing a profitable tobacco industry.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What did the Dutch name their settlement located on Manhattan Island?
- A.
New Jersey
- B.
New Amsterdam
- C.
New England
- D.
Newfoundland
Correct Answer
B. New AmsterdamExplanation
The Dutch named their settlement located on Manhattan Island New Amsterdam. This name was chosen to honor the city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, which was the capital of the Dutch Republic at the time. The settlement was established in the early 17th century as a trading post and later grew into a prosperous colony. However, in 1664, the English captured New Amsterdam and renamed it New York, after the Duke of York.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Roger Williams, in search of religious freedom, founded the colony of
- A.
Connecticut
- B.
Massachusetts
- C.
Pennsylvania
- D.
Rhode Island
Correct Answer
D. Rhode IslandExplanation
Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island in search of religious freedom. Rhode Island became a haven for those seeking religious tolerance and separation of church and state. Williams believed in the freedom of conscience and the rights of individuals to practice their own religion without interference from the government. He established Rhode Island as a place where people of all faiths could live together peacefully and practice their own beliefs freely.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What best describes the Mayflower Compact?
- A.
An agreement signed by the Pilgrims to agree to set up and live under their agreed upon laws.
- B.
A list of laws that the Pilgrims agreed upon.
- C.
A declaration that they were now free from English control.
- D.
A document on which the settlers agreed to live under the laws of Christianity.
Correct Answer
A. An agreement signed by the Pilgrims to agree to set up and live under their agreed upon laws.Explanation
The Mayflower Compact was an agreement signed by the Pilgrims to establish a self-governing colony and live under their agreed-upon laws. It was a social contract that provided a framework for governing the Plymouth Colony. The compact was necessary because the Pilgrims landed outside the jurisdiction of the Virginia Company, which had granted them permission to settle in Virginia. The agreement ensured that the settlers would create and abide by laws that were fair and beneficial to the community as a whole. It laid the foundation for democratic governance in America.Rate this question:
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- 8.
People from England who were willing sell their labor for certain number of years for a chance to come to America were
- A.
Indentured servants
- B.
Backcountry farmers
- C.
Landed elites
- D.
Tenant farmers
Correct Answer
A. Indentured servantsExplanation
Indentured servants were people from England who willingly sold their labor for a certain number of years in exchange for the opportunity to come to America. This practice was common during the colonial period, where individuals would agree to work for a specific period of time, usually around four to seven years, in order to pay off their passage to America. They were essentially bound to a contract or indenture, hence the term "indentured servants." This system provided a means for individuals to seek a better life in America, although their conditions and treatment varied greatly.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Who asserted that all people were born with certain natural rights, including the right to life an liberty?
- A.
King James II
- B.
John Smith
- C.
John Locke
- D.
Ben Franklin
Correct Answer
C. John LockeExplanation
John Locke asserted that all people were born with certain natural rights, including the right to life and liberty. Locke was a philosopher during the Enlightenment period who believed in the concept of natural rights, which he argued were inherent to all individuals by virtue of their humanity. He believed that these rights were not granted by any government or authority, but were instead fundamental and inalienable. Locke's ideas greatly influenced the development of democratic principles and the concept of individual rights, making him a significant figure in political philosophy.Rate this question:
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- 10.
According to John Locke, what is a social contract?
- A.
A group of people agree to punish those who do not believe what they do.
- B.
People agree to live under a set of laws created by the king.
- C.
People agree to live under a set of laws created by the people.
- D.
An agreement between people to pay back the money spent to transport them to the new world.
Correct Answer
C. People agree to live under a set of laws created by the people.Explanation
John Locke believed that a social contract is an agreement between people to live under a set of laws created by the people themselves. This means that individuals willingly give up some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of a government that is formed by and accountable to the people. This concept emphasizes the idea of popular sovereignty, where the power ultimately resides with the people rather than a monarch or ruler. Locke's idea of a social contract forms the foundation for democratic governance and individual rights.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The colony of Georgia was set up to
- A.
Honor King George by naming a colony after him.
- B.
Create a place for Catholics to live in the new world.
- C.
Create a place for the poor imprisioned people of England to start over.
- D.
Make money for England by growing cotton and sugar cane.
Correct Answer
C. Create a place for the poor imprisioned people of England to start over.Explanation
The correct answer is to create a place for the poor imprisoned people of England to start over. The colony of Georgia was established as a refuge for debtors and prisoners in England who were given a chance to start a new life in the New World. James Oglethorpe, the founder of Georgia, wanted to provide an opportunity for these individuals to escape poverty and improve their circumstances. The colony was intended to offer them a fresh start and the possibility of economic and social rehabilitation.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The Virginia House of Burgesses is most similiar to what modern government group?
- A.
The U.S. House of Representatives and Senate
- B.
The Supreme Court
- C.
The cabinet of the president
- D.
The food and drug administration.
Correct Answer
A. The U.S. House of Representatives and SenateExplanation
The Virginia House of Burgesses is most similar to the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate because both are legislative bodies that represent the interests of the people and make laws. The House of Burgesses was the first elected legislative assembly in the American colonies and served as a model for representative government. Similarly, the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate are both part of the United States Congress and have the power to create and pass legislation.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What was the main reasons that African slaves were brought into the colonies?
- A.
There weren't enough people to farm the crops.
- B.
Many of the Native American slaves died of diseases.
- C.
Africans worked harder than the Native Americans.
- D.
Both A and B
- E.
Both B and C
Correct Answer
D. Both A and BExplanation
The main reasons that African slaves were brought into the colonies were because there weren't enough people to farm the crops and many of the Native American slaves died of diseases.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In the economic theory of Mercantilism, the main purpose of colonies is to
- A.
Be a place for poor people to settle.
- B.
Supply slaves to the mother country.
- C.
Help build up the supply of gold and silver in the mother country.
- D.
Build up the amount of land that the mother country owns.
Correct Answer
C. Help build up the supply of gold and silver in the mother country.Explanation
In the economic theory of Mercantilism, colonies were seen as a means to help build up the supply of gold and silver in the mother country. Mercantilism emphasized the accumulation of wealth, particularly precious metals, as a measure of a nation's power and prosperity. Colonies were expected to provide valuable resources and raw materials that could be exported to the mother country, generating profits and increasing the stock of precious metals. This would strengthen the economy and ensure a favorable balance of trade for the mother country.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 declared that colonists could not settle west of a line drawn north to south along the
- A.
Rocky Mountains
- B.
Ohio River
- C.
Appalachian Mountains
- D.
Hudson River
Correct Answer
C. Appalachian MountainsExplanation
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 declared that colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. This proclamation was issued by the British government after the French and Indian War to prevent conflicts between colonists and Native American tribes. The British wanted to control westward expansion and maintain peace with the Native Americans, so they prohibited settlement in the western territories. This decision was met with resistance from colonists who desired access to new lands, contributing to growing tensions between the colonies and the British government.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Fighting between the French and the British that began in 1754 in North America is known as the
- A.
Revolutionary War
- B.
French and Indian War
- C.
British and French War
- D.
The 100 Years War
Correct Answer
B. French and Indian WarExplanation
The correct answer is French and Indian War. This conflict, which started in 1754 in North America, was a territorial dispute between the French and British. It involved various Native American tribes as well, hence the inclusion of "Indian" in the name. The war ended in 1763 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris, which resulted in France ceding most of its North American territories to Britain. The conflict played a significant role in shaping the future of North America and was a precursor to the American Revolutionary War.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The Albany Plan of Union proposed that
- A.
The colonies unify with the Spanish to become free.
- B.
The colonies change sides and fight for the French.
- C.
The colonies stay unified and fight with Britain.
- D.
The colonies unite to form a federal government.
Correct Answer
D. The colonies unite to form a federal government.Explanation
The Albany Plan of Union proposed that the colonies unite to form a federal government. This plan was put forward by Benjamin Franklin during the Albany Congress in 1754. It aimed to create a unified colonial government that could coordinate defense, trade, and Indian affairs. The plan suggested the establishment of a "Grand Council" composed of representatives from each colony, which would have the power to levy taxes and make decisions on behalf of the colonies. Although the plan was not adopted, it laid the groundwork for future discussions and ultimately influenced the formation of the United States federal government.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Parliament imposed many taxes on trade, but what was the first direct tax Britain had ever placed on the colonists?
- A.
Stamp tax
- B.
Sugar tax
- C.
Paper tax
- D.
Glass tax
Correct Answer
A. Stamp taxExplanation
The first direct tax Britain had ever placed on the colonists was the stamp tax. This tax required the purchase of a stamp to be affixed to various legal documents, newspapers, and other printed materials. It was imposed by the British government in 1765 as a means to generate revenue from the colonies. The stamp tax was highly unpopular among the colonists, leading to widespread protests and eventually the slogan "no taxation without representation." This tax played a significant role in fueling the tensions that eventually led to the American Revolution.Rate this question:
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- 19.
On March 5, 1770, a crowd of colonists began taunting and throwing snowballs at a British soldier guarding a customs house, which resulted in the
- A.
Formation of the Sons of Liberty.
- B.
French and Indian War.
- C.
Virginia Resolves.
- D.
Boston Massacre.
Correct Answer
D. Boston Massacre.Explanation
On March 5, 1770, a crowd of colonists taunted and threw snowballs at a British soldier guarding a customs house. This incident escalated into a violent confrontation, known as the Boston Massacre. British soldiers fired into the crowd, killing five colonists. The event further fueled anti-British sentiment and played a significant role in the lead up to the American Revolution. The formation of the Sons of Liberty, French and Indian War, and Virginia Resolves are unrelated to this specific event.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What was the purpose of the taxes imposed on the colonists after the French and Indian War?
- A.
To show the colonists that Britain still had power over them.
- B.
To pay for the French and Indian War.
- C.
To pay for the Revolutionary War.
- D.
To pay for the tea destroyed after the Boston Tea Party.
Correct Answer
B. To pay for the French and Indian War.Explanation
The purpose of the taxes imposed on the colonists after the French and Indian War was to pay for the war. The British government needed to cover the expenses incurred during the conflict, and they believed that the colonists should contribute to the cost. These taxes, such as the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act, were seen by the colonists as unfair and a violation of their rights, leading to growing tensions and eventually fueling the American Revolution.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What was the system created by Thomas Jefferson for the colonies to communicate?
- A.
Committee of correspondence.
- B.
Pony express
- C.
Continental Congress
- D.
Paul Revere's riding service.
Correct Answer
A. Committee of correspondence.Explanation
The system created by Thomas Jefferson for the colonies to communicate was the committee of correspondence. This was a network of local committees established in the American colonies to share information and coordinate actions against British policies. These committees played a crucial role in organizing resistance and fostering unity among the colonies in the years leading up to the American Revolution.Rate this question:
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- 22.
With what laws did the British intend to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party and the colonial challenges to British authority?
- A.
Coercive Acts
- B.
Tea Act
- C.
Quebec Act
- D.
Townshend Acts
Correct Answer
A. Coercive ActsExplanation
The British intended to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party and colonial challenges to British authority with the Coercive Acts. These acts, also known as the Intolerable Acts by the colonists, were a series of punitive measures imposed on Massachusetts in 1774. The Coercive Acts closed the port of Boston, restricted colonial self-government, allowed British officials accused of crimes to be tried in Britain instead of the colonies, and quartered British troops in private homes. These acts were a direct response to the colonists' resistance to British rule and were intended to assert British authority and suppress colonial dissent.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The main purpose of Thomas Paine's Common Sense was to
- A.
Challenge British authority.
- B.
Convince common people to join the revolution.
- C.
Promote peace among the British and the colonists.
- D.
Teach people about self government.
Correct Answer
B. Convince common people to join the revolution.Explanation
Thomas Paine's Common Sense was a pamphlet published in 1776 during the American Revolution. Its main purpose was to convince common people to join the revolution. Paine used clear and persuasive language to appeal to the average citizen, arguing for the necessity of independence from British rule and the benefits of self-government. He presented compelling arguments that resonated with the common people and helped to mobilize support for the revolutionary cause. By emphasizing the importance of joining the revolution, Paine sought to inspire widespread participation and ultimately achieve independence for the American colonies.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Guerilla warfare is best characterized by
- A.
The use of the most modern weapons.
- B.
The use of cannons and muskets.
- C.
Soldiers directly attacking the enemy.
- D.
Soldiers fighting from hidden positions.
Correct Answer
D. Soldiers fighting from hidden positions.Explanation
Guerilla warfare is best characterized by soldiers fighting from hidden positions. This type of warfare involves small groups of fighters who use tactics such as ambushes, sabotage, and hit-and-run attacks to disrupt and weaken a larger, more conventional enemy force. By fighting from hidden positions, guerilla fighters can surprise their opponents, avoid direct confrontations, and blend into the local population, making it difficult for the enemy to locate and defeat them. This strategy allows guerilla fighters to maximize their effectiveness and minimize their vulnerabilities.Rate this question:
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- 25.
This was the location of an American victory that convinced the French to join on the side of the colonists.
- A.
Battle of Yorktown
- B.
Battle of Saratoga.
- C.
Battle of Trenton.
- D.
Battle of Charles Town.
Correct Answer
B. Battle of Saratoga.Explanation
The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the American Revolutionary War. It was a series of two battles fought in 1777 in Saratoga, New York. The American victory at Saratoga convinced the French that the colonists had a chance of winning the war, leading them to form an alliance with the Americans. This alliance provided crucial support to the colonists, including military assistance and supplies, which greatly increased their chances of success in the war. Thus, the Battle of Saratoga's outcome played a significant role in convincing the French to join the side of the colonists.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What were minutemen?
- A.
People who could reload a musket in one minute.
- B.
A special group of militia used to protect the president.
- C.
Militia who could be ready to fight at a short notice.
- D.
Highly trained soldiers used to fight the main British army.
Correct Answer
C. Militia who could be ready to fight at a short notice.Explanation
Minutemen were a militia who could be ready to fight at a short notice. They were civilian colonists who volunteered to be part of the American colonial militia during the American Revolutionary War. They were called "minutemen" because they were expected to be ready to fight within a minute's notice. These citizen soldiers played a crucial role in the early stages of the war, responding quickly to defend their communities against British forces.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The city where the colonists were storing weapons. Warned by Paul Revere.
- A.
Concord
- B.
Lexington
- C.
Boston
- D.
Philadelphia
Correct Answer
A. ConcordExplanation
The correct answer is Concord because it was the city where the colonists were storing weapons and it was warned by Paul Revere.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Promises in which merchants pledged not to buy any British goods.
- A.
Boycott
- B.
Albany Plan of Union
- C.
Treaty of Paris
- D.
Speculation
Correct Answer
A. BoycottExplanation
A boycott refers to a form of protest where merchants agree not to purchase any British goods. This action is typically taken as a means to demonstrate dissatisfaction or disagreement with a particular policy or action. By boycotting British goods, the merchants aim to exert economic pressure on the British government or businesses, hoping to achieve their desired outcome or change.Rate this question:
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- 29.
In the Gaspee Affair,
- A.
The colonists burned a British ship that had run aground.
- B.
A British crew seized food from an American ship.
- C.
The colonists forced a British ship carrying tea to return home.
- D.
The colonists saved a British ship that had run aground.
Correct Answer
A. The colonists burned a British ship that had run aground.Explanation
In the Gaspee Affair, the correct answer is that the colonists burned a British ship that had run aground. This event took place in 1772 when the British ship called the HMS Gaspee ran aground in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. The colonists, angered by the British government's oppressive policies, saw an opportunity to resist British authority. They attacked the ship, burned it, and captured its crew. This act of defiance against British rule was one of the early incidents that eventually led to the American Revolution.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Wearing "homespun"
- A.
Helped Patriots identify one another.
- B.
Helped Patriots identify Loyalists.
- C.
Indicated social class.
- D.
Showed patriotism.
Correct Answer
D. Showed patriotism.Explanation
The correct answer is "showed patriotism." Wearing "homespun" during the time of the American Revolution was seen as a symbol of patriotism. It represented a rejection of British goods and a commitment to self-sufficiency. Patriots who wore homespun clothing were showing their support for the cause of independence and their dedication to the ideals of the revolution.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What was John Locke's theory about the state of nature, social contracts, natural rights and the purpose of government?
- 32.
How was the Boston Massacre used to further the interests of the Patriots? In your opinion, who was to blame for the Boston Massacre and why?
- 33.
List and explain the reasons why the colonists believed that they should be free to govern themselves.
- 34.
List and describe the four major part of the Declaration of Independence including the purpose of each.
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