U.S. History Standards Questions: Early Period

Some people consent to govern.

All people consent to be governed.

The winner of the popular vote governs.

States consent to be governed by a central government.

Colonists rationalized the legal use of an enslaved African American workforce.

Colonists questioned the morality and legality of an enslaved African American workforce.

Colonists justifying their “natural right” to settle the North American continent from coast to coast.

Colonists questioned their role as subjects of the English crown and strived for political independence.

The Great Awakening woke colonists up to their unfair circumstances.

The Great Awakening brought about a backlash and religious persecution in Europe, which increased immigration of free-minded colonists to the New World.

The Great Awakening sparked colonial outrage at the Intolerable Acts imposed on them by England between 1760–1775.

The Great Awakening’s ideas of breaking away from traditional authority and equality before the law inspired important colonial thinkers.

The Constitution emphasized individual rights and responsibilities less than the Articles of Confederation.

The Constitution placed less power with the federal government than the Articles of Confederation.

The Constitution placed more power with the federal government than the Articles of Confederation.

The Constitution and the Articles of Confederation did not differ in any important way.

Large numbers of immigrants began to migrate from southern Europe to urban centers in the United States.

Large numbers of freed African Americans began to leave the United States.

Native Americans are displaced as farmers and ranchers settled all of the Great Plains.

Large numbers of freed African Americans began to migrate to northern urban centers.

Immigration and industrialization

Gold mining and industrialization

Completion of the transcontinental railroad and industrialization

Famine and political persecution

Passage of the Hepburn Act

Passage of the Meat Inspection Act

Passage of the Newland Reclamation Act

Passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act

Public transportation and housing

Religious affiliation and geography

Immigration and industrialization

Economic class and ethnicity

It discouraged recent immigrants from assimilating.

It encouraged recent immigrants to assimilate.

It encouraged Native Americans to forget their own cultural traditions.

It encouraged recent immigrants to forget their own cultural traditions.

Grassroots political groups that represented only the interests of a city’s recent immigrant groups

Informal political groups that exploited the needs and fears of recent immigrant groups

Established political groups that represented the interests of native-born, established city residents

Groups of carpetbaggers that exploited the South’s damaged economy during Reconstruction after the Civil War

To ensure that no one company could achieve a monopoly in any given market

To let their employees share in a small percentage of the profit

To block attempts by reform groups to improve industry working conditions

To control a group of companies in one industry as though they were a single company

Reconstruction of the South and immigration

New inventions and labor organization

Rapidly expanding railroad system and new inventions

Rapidly expanding railroad system and discovery of Alaskan oil

Social Gospel sprang from religious ideals, while Social Darwinism sprang from the theory of evolution.

Social Darwinism was concerned with urban reforms, while Social Gospel addressed rural reforms.

Social Darwinism was founded on religious principles, while Social Gospel was founded on scientific principles.

Both ideologies stressed that competition was the source of many social problems.

Farmers

Factory workers

Robber barons

Independent craftspeople