Block 6 Renal Histo Embryo MCQ's

17 Questions | By Chachelly | Updated: Mar 16, 2022 | Attempts: 396

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1.

Which of the following structures is found exclusively within renal medulla?
- A.
  
  Distal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Thin limb of loop of Henle
- C.
  
  Renal corpuscle
- D.
  
  Thick limb of loop of Henle
- E.
  
  Collecting tubules (ducts)
- F.
  
  Macula Densa
- G.
  
  Vasa recta
2.

Which of the following structures is shown in the following EM picture?
- A.
  
  Distal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Visceral layer of Bowman's capsule
- C.
  
  Parietal layer of Bowman's capsule
- D.
  
  Proximal convoluted tubule
- E.
  
  Thin limb of loop of Henle
- F.
  
  Vasa recta
3.

Which of the following structures contains a thin diaphragm?
- A.
  
  Filtration slit
- B.
  
  Endothelial cell fenestrations of the glomerulus
- C.
  
  Microvilli of proximal convoluted tubule
- D.
  
  Lateral borders of distal convoluted tubule cell
- E.
  
  Macula densa cells
4.

Afferent arterioles branch off directly from which of the following vessels in the kidney?
- A.
  
  Renal artery
- B.
  
  Stellate vein
- C.
  
  Interlobular artery
- D.
  
  Arcuate artery
- E.
  
  Interlobar artery
5.

Which of the following cell types comprises the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?
- A.
  
  Endothelial cell
- B.
  
  Justaglomerular cell
- C.
  
  Mesangial cell
- D.
  
  Podocyte
- E.
  
  Polkissen (extraglomerular mesangial cell)
6.

Which of the following structures is found exclusively in renal cortical tissue?
- A.
  
  Vasa recta
- B.
  
  Collecting tubule
- C.
  
  Thick limb of loop of Henle
- D.
  
  Collecting duct
- E.
  
  Renal corpuscle
7.

Which of the following structures is located at the corticomedullary junction of the kidney?
- A.
  
  Renal artery
- B.
  
  Afferent arteriole
- C.
  
  Interlobular artery
- D.
  
  Arcuate artery
- E.
  
  Interlobar artery
8.

Failure of the ureteric bud to form results in
- A.
  
  Urachal fistula
- B.
  
  Pelvic kidney
- C.
  
  Exstrophy of the bladder
- D.
  
  Renal agenesis
- E.
  
  Congenital polycystic kidney
9.

Which of the following statements about the metanephros is correct?
- A.
  
  It develops from paraxial mesoderm.
- B.
  
  It only forms rudimentary excretory units which function for a short period of time
- C.
  
  It attains its definitive position during the 4th week of development
- D.
  
  It gives rises to the loop of Henle
- E.
  
  It forms the renal pelvis
- F.
  
  It gives rise to the bladder
10.

Drops of a clear, yellowish fluid are observed leaking out of the umbilicus of an infant. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Urachal cyst
- B.
  
  Urachal sinus
- C.
  
  Urachal fistula
- D.
  
  Ectopic ureter
- E.
  
  Horseshoe kidney
11.

If oligohydramnios is detected by ultrasound during second trimester of pregnancy, which of the following conditions is most likely suggested by the prenatal finding?
- A.
  
  Congenital esophageal atresia
- B.
  
  Duodenal atresia or stenosis
- C.
  
  Renal agenesis
- D.
  
  Short and atretic vagina
- E.
  
  Hypospadias
12.

Ascent of a horseshoe kidney is prevented due to:
- A.
  
  Left Internal iliac artery
- B.
  
  Right internal iliac
- C.
  
  Left External iliac artery
- D.
  
  Right external iliac
- E.
  
  Right common iliac
- F.
  
  Left Common iliac artery
- G.
  
  Inferior mesenteric artery
- H.
  
  Superior mesenteric artery
13.

Which of the following structures is represented by the area labeled with an asterisk on the electron micrograph below?
- A.
  
  Lumen of PCT
- B.
  
  Lumen of colleting duct
- C.
  
  Glomerulus
- D.
  
  Minor calyx
- E.
  
  Urinary space
14.

Which of the following structures is shown in the following EM picture?
- A.
  
  Distal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Visceral layer of Bowman's capsule
- C.
  
  Parietal layer of Bowman's capsule
- D.
  
  Proximal convoluted tubule
- E.
  
  Thin limb of loop of Henle
15.

The cells labeled with the asterisks in the accompanying EM function in
- A.
  
  Producing mucus
- B.
  
  Secreting HCl
- C.
  
  Producing gastrin
- D.
  
  Producing lysozyme
- E.
  
  Immune defense
16.

The following EM reveals some structures in the kidney. Which of the following statements regarding the cell indicated by the arrow is correct? (arrow is at bottom-it is indicating the majority of the picture)
- A.
  
  It responds to ADH.
- B.
  
  It responds to Aldosterone
- C.
  
  It detects the blood pressure
- D.
  
  It reabsorbs glucose and sodium.
- E.
  
  It is located in the pyramids of the medulla
17.

Which of the following structures is indicated in the accompanying EM by the red pointer?
- A.
  
  Distal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Peritubular capillary
- C.
  
  Podocytes
- D.
  
  Proximal convoluted tubule
- E.
  
  Thin limb of loop of Henle