Pharm Drugs Prt 2

15 Questions | By Chachelly | Updated: Mar 19, 2022 | Attempts: 296

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Every disease has a specific drug that is used to either treat it or reduce its effect on a patient. The quiz below is the second in the series of tests and is perfect for you to test how well you understood your pharmacology course on drugs. All the best and keep on practicing.

Questions and Answers

1.

A 42-year-old man, who has been receiving his first course of chemotherapy for a non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma, still complains of recurrent nausea and vomiting despite an antiemetic medication with ondansetron, dexamethasone and aprepitant. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate to add to the patient’s antiemetic regimen?
- A.
  
  Famotidine
- B.
  
  Omeprazole
- C.
  
  Loperamide
- D.
  
  Dronabinol
- E.
  
  Triamcinolone
- F.
  
  Meclizine
2.

A 62-year-old man with newly diagnosed lung cancer is scheduled to receive his first course of chemotherapy. A prophylactic antiemetic medication is planned. A drug from which of the following classes would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A.
  
  Serotonergic antagonists
- B.
  
  Dopaminergic agonist
- C.
  
  Muscarinic antagonists
- D.
  
  Gabaergic agonists
- E.
  
  Adrenergic agonists
3.

A 35-year-old man, admitted to the hospital for surgery, complained of torticollis, grimacing and spasm of the ocular muscles, the day after the operation. The man had received an IV drug soon after surgery because of nausea and vomiting. Which of the following antiemetic drugs most likely caused the patient symptoms?
- A.
  
  Ondansetron
- B.
  
  Scopolamine
- C.
  
  Dexamethasone
- D.
  
  Metoclopramide
- E.
  
  Dronabinol
4.

A 44-year-old man has been recently diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer and an antiulcer treatment was prescribed. Four weeks into therapy the patient complained of difficulty in erection during sex. He also noticed a bilateral enlargement of his breast. Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed?
- A.
  
  Famotidine
- B.
  
  Omeprazole
- C.
  
  Sucralfate
- D.
  
  Cimetidine
- E.
  
  Bismuth subsalicylate
- F.
  
  Misoprostol
5.

A 45-year-old man, recently diagnosed with duodenal ulcer, started a treatment with antacids and omeprazole. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of antacids in peptic ulcer disease?
- A.
  
  They inhibit the gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsins
- B.
  
  They stimulate the secretion of bicarbonate by epithelial cells
- C.
  
  They react with hydrochloric acid to form chlorides, water and CO2
- D.
  
  They bind to necrotic ulcer tissue, so acting as a barrier for acid and pepsin
- E.
  
  They stimulate the secretion of prostaglandin PGE2
6.

A 67-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, palpitation and stomach pain. He has been suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for 15 years which is presently treated with inhaled albuterol and ipratropium, and oral theophylline. He told the attending physician that he recently started taking cimetidine for an acid stomach. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of patient’s current complains?
- A.
  
  Cimetidine increased the clearance of theophylline
- B.
  
  Cimetidine decreased the clearance of theophylline
- C.
  
  Cimetidine increased the clearance of albuterol
- D.
  
  Theophylline increased the clearance of cimetidine
- E.
  
  Theophylline decreased the clearance of cimetidine
7.

A 25-year old female is planning to take a 2-week cruise aboard a small sail boat. She has a history of motion sickness. A drug from which of the following classes would be most appropriate to prevent nausea and vomiting in this patient?
- A.
  
  Serotonergic antagonists
- B.
  
  Glucocorticoids
- C.
  
  Muscarinic agonists
- D.
  
  Gabaergic agonists
- E.
  
  H1-antagonists
- F.
  
  Dopaminergic agonist
8.

A 44-year-old man has been self medicating for heartburn. The preparation he has been using is a combination of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. Which of the following statements best explains why many antacid preparations on the market contain these two antacids instead of a single product?
- A.
  
  The combination is most likely to kill H. Pylori
- B.
  
  The combination is less likely to cause antacid overdose toxicity
- C.
  
  The combination is less likely to interact with other drugs given concomitantly
- D.
  
  The combination is most likely to decrease gastric emptying
- E.
  
  The combination is less likely to cause constipation or diarrhea
9.

A 72-year-old woman, who underwent surgery to remove a colonic polyp, complained of epigastric pain the day after the operation. Her general conditions rapidly deteriorated and she was transferred to the intensive care unit because of septic shock. Which of the following therapeutic regimens would be appropriate to prevent stress ulcer in this patient?
- A.
  
  Metoclopramide by IV infusion
- B.
  
  Ondansetron by IV infusion
- C.
  
  Sucralfate by nasogastric tube
- D.
  
  Bismuth salicylate by nasogastric tube
- E.
  
  Misoprostol by nasogastric tube
- F.
  
  Famotidine by IV infusion
10.

A 35-year-old woman presented to her physician with the chief complaint of increasing frequency and urgency of bowel movements, which she attributed to increased stress at work. She was diagnosed with “spastic colon” four years ago but was able to tolerate the symptoms until recently when she noted the increasing frequency of bowel movements. A drug from which of the following classes would be appropriate to treat the patient’s syndrome?
- A.
  
  Opioid agonists
- B.
  
  Serotonergic agonists
- C.
  
  Muscarinic agonists
- D.
  
  Gabaergic antagonists
- E.
  
  H2-antagonists
- F.
  
  Adrenergic antagonists
11.

A 18-year-old boy, traveling for vacation in Mexico, noted some mild abdominal cramps and three to four unformed stools during the past 24 hours. No blood was seen in the stool. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate to treat the patient’s diarrhea?
- A.
  
  Aluminum hydroxide
- B.
  
  Erythromycin
- C.
  
  Vancomycin
- D.
  
  Bismuth subsalicylate
- E.
  
  Metoclopramide
- F.
  
  Sucralfate
12.

A 24-year-old woman in her second trimester of pregnancy complained of constipation during a follow up visit. The physician instructed the woman to maintain the bowel function by drinking plenty of water, increasing bulk in the diet with vegetables and taking a laxative daily. Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed?
- A.
  
  Castor oil
- B.
  
  Bisacodyl
- C.
  
  Loperamide
- D.
  
  Docusate
- E.
  
  Magnesium hydroxide
- F.
  
  Sodium sulphate
13.

A 25-year-old woman received a course of parenteral corticosteroids for an acute exacerbation of her ulcerative colitis. She is now on disease remission, and a treatment with mesalamine is prescribed to maintain remission. Which of the following statements best explains the mechanism of action of mesalamine in ulcerative colitis?
- A.
  
  It inhibits prostaglandins and leukotriene biosynthesis
- B.
  
  It inhibits scavenging of reactive oxygen metabolites
- C.
  
  It enhances macrophage chemotaxis and phagocytosis
- D.
  
  It enhances cytokine production by intestinal cells
- E.
  
  It inhibits growth of intestinal bacteria
14.

A 47-year-old man, recently diagnosed with Crohn’s disease, started a treatment with sulfasalazine. Which of the following is most likely the active therapeutic moiety of the drug, when it is broken down into its components in the colon?
- A.
  
  Sulfacetamide
- B.
  
  5-aminosalicylic acid
- C.
  
  Acetylsalicylic acid
- D.
  
  Sulfamethoxazole
- E.
  
  Sulfadiazine
- F.
  
  Salicylic acid
15.

A 67-year-old woman complained to her physician of persistent heartburn. She has been taking ibuprofen and for osteoarthritis of the right hip for the past two months. She refused to stop the medication which she said was very good for her pain. The physician prescribed another drug, to be taken together with ibuprofen, in order to prevent peptic ulcers ulcer formation. Which of the following was most likely the mechanisms of action of the prescribed drug?
- A.
  
  Binding to necrotic ulcer tissue, so acting as a barrier for acid and pepsin
- B.
  
  Blockade of M3 receptors on gastric parietal cells
- C.
  
  Blockade of gastrin receptors on gastric parietal cells
- D.
  
  Stimulation of bicarbonate and mucus secretion by superficial epithelial cells
- E.
  
  Bactericidal effect against Helicobacter pylori