Bone And Arthritis Quiz Pt.4
The medical test/quiz specially about the bones, explaining the importance of bone health and the risks of Arthritis. Take this quiz and improve your medical knowledge.
- 1.You are on call in the ER. An auto accident victim comes in who is in shock with BP of 30/0. You and your team rapidly catheterize the patient, but note that renal output is almost zero. You correctly give volume expanders and stabilize your patient. However, over the next 24 hours her urine output is only 200 cc. She is in acute renal failure (ARF) and you know that
- A.
DIC is the cause of the majority of ARF
- B.
Acute tubular necrosis is the cause of over 50% of ARF
- C.
In most ARF, the etiology is immune in origin
- D.
In 50% of ARF, the etiology is a hypertensive crisis
- E.
In all likelihood, even if you reverse the cause of the ARF, the patient will go on to end stage renal disease within 5 years
- 2.Analgesic nephropathy is quite common in patients who abuse analgesic mixtures. These patients often go on to develop:
- A.
Lipoid nephrosis
- B.
Renal papillary necrosis
- C.
Goodpasture's syndrome
- D.
Alport's syndrome
- E.
Clear cell carcinoma of the kidney
- 3.After many years with recurrent attacks of otitis media a 40-year‑old man observed increasing discomfort and deafness in that ear. He was subjected to an operation,in which, material removed from the ear was described by the pathologist as "cystic, epidermoid tissue including desquamated debris, a foreign bodytype giant cell reaction, granulation tissue and necrotic bone". The lesion is likely to be:
- A.
Squamous cell carcinoma
- B.
Cholesteatoma
- C.
Acute otitis media
- D.
Otoslerosis
- E.
Leukoplakia
- 4.Clinical and pathological features of pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Surgical removal may be complicated by face drop
- B.
It is a common tumor of the parotid
- C.
Malignant change is a frequent complication
- D.
The tumor demonstrates a mixture of epithelial and chondro¬myxoid elements
- E.
With adequate excision the recurrence rate is low
- 5.A 60‑year‑old man developed a painful mass in an intra‑oral minor salivary gland. His family physician, who had diagnosed it as inflammatory, became more concerned when further work‑up revealed metastatic lesions in the vertebral bone and liver. The patient MOST LIKELY has a/an:
- A.
Pleomorphic adenoma
- B.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
- C.
Acinic cell tumor
- D.
Warthin's tumor
- E.
Mucocele
- 6.Infection of the nasopharynx with Epstein‑Barr virus has been associated with the development of:
- A.
Allergic rhinitis
- B.
Rheumatic fever
- C.
Juvenile angiofibroma
- D.
Undifferentiated carcinoma
- E.
Solitary plasmocytoma
- 7.A non‑metastasizing nasopharyngeal tumor, that occurs typically in males near puberty and is likely to bleed profusely on touch, is MOST LIKELY to be a/an:
- A.
Lymphoepithelioma
- B.
Inverted papilloma
- C.
Juvenile angiofibroma
- D.
Esthesioneuroblastoma
- E.
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
- 8.A 36‑year‑old female has a palpable firm irregular mass in the right breast that demonstrates calcifications by mammography. Biopsy of this mass reveals extensive fat necrosis. The MOST LIKELY etiology for this condition is:
- A.
Pregnancy and lactation
- B.
Pituitary prolactinoma
- C.
Previous trauma
- D.
Fibrocystic change
- E.
Mammary duct ectasia
- 9.A diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast implies that
- A.
This neoplasm will remain localized
- B.
The opposite breast may also be involved
- C.
Paget's disease is likely to develop in the nipple
- D.
Estrogen receptor assay of this neoplasm will be negative
- E.
Family history of breast cancer in this case is unlikely
- 10.A 45‑year‑old woman complains of lumpy breasts. Assessment results in breast biopsies. Which of the following findings has the greatest risk for later development of breast carcinoma?
- A.
Apocrine metaplasia
- B.
Atypical hyperplasia
- C.
Cystic change
- D.
Ductal papillomatosis
- E.
Sclerosing adenosis
- 11.In a 45‑year‑old woman, bleeding from the nipple in the absence of a palpable breast mass suggests:
- A.
Fibroadenoma
- B.
Sclerosing adenosis
- C.
Fat necrosis
- D.
Intraductal papilloma
- E.
Chronic cystic mastitis
- 12.The most common location for carcinoma of the breast is:
- A.
Upper inner quadrant
- B.
Lower inner quadrant
- C.
Upper outer quadrant
- D.
Lower outer quadrant
- E.
Subareola and nipple
- 13.A malignant tumor that may occur in the area of lymphedema following radical mastectomy and radiation therapy to axillary contents for breast cancer is:
- A.
Hemangiosarcoma
- B.
Kaposils sarcoma
- C.
Cystic hygroma
- D.
Lymphangiosarcoma
- E.
Sturge Weber angiomatosis
- 14.A 28‑year‑old female presented with protuberant appearing eyes, heat intolerance, weight loss, palpitations and muscle weakness. On palpation, the thyroid gland was diffusely enlarged without nodularity. A biopsy from the thyroid gland revealed papillary hyperplasia. This patient MOST LIKELY has:
- A.
Hashimoto thyroiditis
- B.
Toxic multinodular goiter
- C.
Subacute (Granulomatous) thyroiditis
- D.
Toxic adenoma
- E.
Graves disease
- 15.A 25‑year‑old female presented with complaints of cessation of her normal menstrual period four months ago, as well as the recent onset of a milky discharge from her nipples. She also mentioned that she had been trying to get pregnant over the last year without success. An MRI scan of the head revealed a small mass in the pituitary gland consistent with a microadenoma. This patient MOST LIKELY has a
- A.
Corticotroph adenoma
- B.
Gonadotroph adenoma
- C.
Thyrotroph adenoma
- D.
Prolactinoma
- 16.A 50‑year‑old male presented with episodes of sweating, nervousness, confusion and stupor. A blood glucose level obtained in the Emergency Room during one episode was decreased at 40 mg/dl. A CAT scan of the abdomen revealed a 2 cm nodule in the pancreas. This patient MOST LIKELY has a(n):
- A.
Glucagonoma
- B.
Somatostatinoma
- C.
Insulinoma
- D.
VIPoma
- E.
Pancreatic polypeptide secreting tumor
- 17.Which of the following statements regarding the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is correct?
- A.
Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in individuals over 40 years of age, whereas Type 2 diabetes usually occurs in individuals under 20 years of age.
- B.
Insulitis is seen in Type 1 diabetes, whereas amyloid deposition within the islets is seen in Type 2 diabetes
- C.
Ketoacidosis is commonly encountered in Type 2 diabetes, but is only rarely encountered in Type 1 diabetes
- D.
Insulin resistance is a major feature of Type 1 diabetes, but is only rarely a feature of Type 2 diabetes.
- E.
Certain HLA genes are linked to Type 2 diabetes, whereas no HLA genes are linked to Type 1 diabetes.
- 18.A 52‑year‑old female is admitted to the hospital for performance of a hemorrhoidectomy. Routine laboratory tests reveal hypercalcemia. BUN and creatinine are within normal limits. A parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is obtained and PTH is also elevated. Vitamin D levels are within normal limits. An assay for PTH‑related protein is negative. The MOST LIKELY diagnosis is:
- A.
Primary hyperparathyroidism
- B.
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
- C.
Bone metastases from an occult carcinoma
- D.
A paraneoplastic syndrome
- E.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
- 19.A 55‑year‑old female presented with truncal obesity, moon facies, a buffalo hump, abdominal striae, hyperglycemia and hypertension. A CAT scan of the abdomen revealed a 2 cm nodular mass in the right adrenal gland. An MRI scan of the head was unremarkable. Laboratory tests would MOST LIKELY reveal:
- A.
Increased 24 hour urine free cortisol, decreased serum ACTH and absence of suppression of the serum cortisol level after a low dose or high dose of dexamethasone
- B.
Increased 24 hour urine free cortisol, increased serum ACTH and absence of suppression of the serum cortisol level after a low dose or high dose of dexamethasone.
- C.
Increased 24 hour urine free cortisol, increased serum ACTH and absence of suppression of the serum cortisol level after a low dose or high dose of dexamethasone.
- D.
D. Increased 24 hour urine free cortisol, decreased serum ACTH and absence of suppression of the serum cortisol level after a low dose of dexamethasone, but suppression after a high dose of dexamethasone.
- E.
Decreased 24 hour urine free cortisol, increased serum ACTH and absence of suppression of the serum ACTH level after a low dose or high dose of dexamethasone
- 20.A 43‑year‑old Caucasian female marketing executive presented with complaints of weakness, fatigue, anorexia, occasional nausea and vomiting and weight loss. She also noted that her skin, especially in sun‑exposed areas, had gotten darker over the last several months. On physical examination, blood pressure was 90/50 mm Hg. Routine laboratory tests revealed hypoglycemia, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Additional laboratory tests would MOST LIKELY reveal which of the following?
- A.
Decreased serum ACTH, decreased serum cortisol and decreased serum aldosterone levels
- B.
Increased serum ACTH, decreased serum cortisol and decreased serum aldosterone levels
- C.
Increased serum ACTH, increased serum cortisol and decreased serum aldosterone levels
- D.
Increased serum ACTH, increased serum cortisol and increased serum aldosterone levels
- E.
Decreased serum ACTH, increased serum cortisol and decreased serum aldosterone levels
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