Biology 1401 Chapter 11 Sexual Reproduction And Meiosis

30 Questions | By Vlgarza08 | Last updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Total Attempts: 576

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1.

The fusion of male gamete cells with female gamete cells is called
- A.
  
  Fertilization.
- B.
  
  Meiosis.
- C.
  
  Mitosis.
- D.
  
  Recombination.
- E.
  
  Synapsis.
2.

Diploid organisms use meiosis for the development of gametes. Meiosis consists of how many rounds of nuclear division?
- A.
  
  One
- B.
  
  Two
- C.
  
  Three
- D.
  
  Four
- E.
  
  None of these
3.

The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths which is essential for crossing over is referred to as
- A.
  
  Syngamy.
- B.
  
  Synapsis.
- C.
  
  Prophase.
- D.
  
  Recombination.
- E.
  
  Centromere.
4.

The cell produced by the fusion of an egg and a sperm is the
- A.
  
  Gamete.
- B.
  
  Haploid.
- C.
  
  Zygote.
- D.
  
  Germ line cell.
- E.
  
  Somatic cell.
5.

The zygote has
- A.
  
  One copy of each chromosome.
- B.
  
  One full haploid complement of chromosomes.
- C.
  
  Chromosomes identical to those of a sperm cell.
- D.
  
  Chromosomes identical to those of an egg cell.
- E.
  
  Two copies of each chromosome.
6.

The reduction division that separates two haploid complements from each other is called
- A.
  
  Mitosis.
- B.
  
  Meiosis.
- C.
  
  Syngamy.
- D.
  
  Haploid division.
- E.
  
  Binary fission.
7.

All of the following animal cells are diploid except
- A.
  
  Gametic.
- B.
  
  Muscles.
- C.
  
  Nerves.
- D.
  
  Skin.
- E.
  
  Reproductive organ.
8.

The point of connection between the two sister chromatids before anaphase of mitosis separates them is called the
- A.
  
  Homologue.
- B.
  
  Kinetochore.
- C.
  
  Centromere.
- D.
  
  Microtubule complex.
- E.
  
  Synapsis.
9.

Which of the following produces identical cells?
- A.
  
  Meiosis
- B.
  
  Mitosis
- C.
  
  Gamete formation
- D.
  
  Syngamy
- E.
  
  Fertilization
10.

In animals, the cells that will eventually undergo meiosis to produce gametes are set aside early in the development. These are
- A.
  
  Haploid cells.
- B.
  
  Germline cells.
- C.
  
  Sex cells.
- D.
  
  Zygotes.
- E.
  
  Sperm and egg cells.
11.

In one of the first steps in meiosis, the
- A.
  
  Clearly defined spindle apparatus appears in the center of the cell.
- B.
  
  Chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
- C.
  
  Half chromosomes are made inactive.
- D.
  
  Homologous pairs of chromosomes pair up along their length.
- E.
  
  Chromosomes become invisible.
12.

Chromosomes exchange genetic information by
- A.
  
  Fertilization.
- B.
  
  Mitosis.
- C.
  
  Syngamy.
- D.
  
  DNA replication.
- E.
  
  Crossing over.
13.

Between the two divisions of meiosis there is
- A.
  
  A full cell cycle.
- B.
  
  A pairing of homologues.
- C.
  
  Replication of some parts of the chromosomes.
- D.
  
  No S phase.
- E.
  
  Random combination among chromatids.
14.

Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in
- A.
  
  Prophase II.
- B.
  
  Prophase I.
- C.
  
  Interphase II.
- D.
  
  Interphase I.
- E.
  
  Metaphase II.
15.

The synaptonemal complex develops early in meiosis. It is
- A.
  
  A cluster of chromatids at the end of the cell.
- B.
  
  A framework of microtubules that organize chromatids.
- C.
  
  A lattice of proteins that holds homologues together.
- D.
  
  A set of two homologues lined side by side.
- E.
  
  The wound up regions of DNA molecules.
16.

At the end of telophase II of meiosis, each of the four resulting cells contains
- A.
  
  One full set of chromosomes, each with two chromatids.
- B.
  
  Two full sets of chromosomes, each with two chromatids.
- C.
  
  One full set of chromosomes, each a single chromatid.
- D.
  
  Two full sets of chromosomes, each a single chromatid.
- E.
  
  A different number of chromosomes.
17.

The four haploid cells resulting from meiosis may further divide by mitosis in all of the following organisms except?
- A.
  
  Plants
- B.
  
  Fungi
- C.
  
  Many protists
- D.
  
  Animals
18.

Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability through all of the following except
- A.
  
  Crossing over in prophase I of meiosis.
- B.
  
  Independent assortment in meiosis.
- C.
  
  Fertilization.
- D.
  
  Mitosis.
19.

One of the most likely explanations for the evolutionary origin of sexual reproduction is that
- A.
  
  Organisms could then move onto land.
- B.
  
  DNA replication errors could be corrected by recombination.
- C.
  
  More and larger offspring could be produced.
- D.
  
  Haploid cells require less energy and raw materials.
20.

Which of the following is an explanation for independent assortment, a factor in producing genetic variability?
- A.
  
  In anaphase I, where how one pair separates does not affect how any other pair separates.
- B.
  
  Chromosomes are divided into daughter cells in a random fashion.
- C.
  
  In prophase I, which chromosomes pairs with which other one is completely random.
- D.
  
  Each chromosome is capable of a different function.
- E.
  
  Chromosomes can have different functions in various types of cells of the same organism.
21.

Meiosis and mitosis are both processes that involve nuclear division. What is the difference between the two?
- A.
  
  Mitosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to haploid gametes. Meiosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to diploid somatic cells.
- B.
  
  Mitosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to diploid somatic cells. Meiosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to haploid gametes.
- C.
  
  Mitosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to diploid gametes. Meiosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to haploid somatic cells.
- D.
  
  Mitosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to syngamy. Meiosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to zygotes.
22.

After fertilization, the resulting zygote develops by which of the following processes?
- A.
  
  Mitosis
- B.
  
  Meiosis
- C.
  
  Syngamy
- D.
  
  Synapsis
- E.
  
  Reduction division
23.

The homologous chromosomes (homologues) pair up during meiosis I. Each homologue pairs along its entire length. This process is called
- A.
  
  Syngamy.
- B.
  
  Synapsis.
- C.
  
  Meiosis.
- D.
  
  Mitosis.
- E.
  
  Crossing over.
24.

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis I. The two sister chromatids of each homologous pair of chromosomes remain attached by
- A.
  
  A common centromere and the synapsis.
- B.
  
  A common centromere and the chiasmata.
- C.
  
  A common centromere and the recombination synapsis.
- D.
  
  A common centromere and the synaptonemal complex.
- E.
  
  A common centromere and the spindle fibers.
25.

The majority of the meiosis I is spent in prophase I and metaphase I. After metaphase I is completed, anaphase I and telophase I quickly proceed, thus ending meiosis I. What immediately follows meiosis I?
- A.
  
  DNA synthesis
- B.
  
  Prophase II
- C.
  
  Metaphase II
- D.
  
  Developing of a synapsis
- E.
  
  Crossing over of the homologues