AST V3 Lecture 4 Assessment
(35).webp "AST V3 Lecture 4 Assessment - Quiz")
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The audio recording is based on a real patient visit. Take notes on the information you think is relevant from the visit. Your notes will not be graded.This audio recording applies to questions 17-24.
- 2.
Take your notes below.
- 3.
Which of the following are correct matches between symptoms and organ system?
- A.
Respiratory: palpitations
- B.
Skin: lesions
- C.
Psychiatric: headache
- D.
Endocrine: polyuria
Correct Answer(s)
B. Skin: lesions
D. Endocrine: polyuriaExplanation
The correct matches between symptoms and organ systems are as follows: Skin: lesions, and Endocrine: polyuria. Lesions are abnormal changes in the skin, such as sores or rashes, which indicate a problem with the skin. Polyuria is excessive urination, which is a symptom related to the endocrine system, specifically the kidneys and hormones that regulate fluid balance.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The review of systems, or ROS, is ALWAYS subjective.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Review of systems is documented from the patient's perspective and therefore always considered subjective.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following are correctly described?
- A.
Fatigue- symptom
- B.
Osteoarthritis- symptom
- C.
Diabetes mellitus- diagnosis
- D.
Nausea- symptom
Correct Answer(s)
A. Fatigue- symptom
C. Diabetes mellitus- diagnosis
D. Nausea- symptomExplanation
Fatigue and Nausea are correctly described as symptoms, as they are subjective experiences reported by patients. Diabetes mellitus is correctly described as a diagnosis, as it is a medical condition that can be diagnosed through various tests and criteria. Osteoarthritis is not mentioned in the given options, so it cannot be determined if it is correctly described or not.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following could be included in the ROS?
- A.
History of cirrhosis
- B.
Polydypsia
- C.
Elevated total bilirubin
- D.
Back pain
Correct Answer(s)
B. Polydypsia
D. Back painExplanation
The ROS (Review of Systems) is a comprehensive assessment of a patient's symptoms and medical history. Polydypsia, which refers to excessive thirst, and back pain are both symptoms that can be included in the ROS. These symptoms provide important information about the patient's overall health and can help in diagnosing and treating any underlying conditions. However, the history of cirrhosis and elevated total bilirubin are not symptoms, but rather medical conditions and lab results, respectively. Therefore, they would not typically be included in the ROS.Rate this question:
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- 7.
All symptoms in the ROS are related only to the chief complaint.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because the Review of Systems (ROS) is a comprehensive list of questions about a patient's symptoms in various body systems, not just limited to the chief complaint. It is used to gather information about the patient's overall health and to identify any other potential issues or symptoms that may be present. Therefore, the symptoms in the ROS may or may not be related to the chief complaint.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The following contains a contradiction:Gastrointestinal: Positive for bloody stool. Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hematochezia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement presents a contradiction by stating that the gastrointestinal symptoms are positive for bloody stool, but negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hematochezia. This means that the presence of bloody stool contradicts the absence of other common gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
"Leg numbness" should be categorized under Extremities in the ROS.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
"Leg numbness" should be categorized under Neurological in the ROS, not under Extremities. Extremities typically refers to the arms and legs as a whole, whereas Neurological specifically relates to the nervous system and any symptoms or issues related to it. Leg numbness is a neurological symptom and should be categorized as such in the ROS.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following contain contradictions? (Check all that apply.)
- A.
ENT: Positive for runny nose. Negative for otalgia and rhinorrhea.
- B.
Musculoskeletal: Positive for neck pain. Negative for back pain and joint pain.
- C.
Skin: Positive for knee abrasion and jaundice. Negative for rash.
- D.
Respiratory: Positive for cough. Negative for shortness of breath and wheezing.
Correct Answer
A. ENT: Positive for runny nose. Negative for otalgia and rhinorrhea.Explanation
The given answer is correct because it identifies the statement in the ENT section that contains a contradiction. It states that the person is positive for a runny nose but negative for otalgia (ear pain) and rhinorrhea (excessive nasal discharge), which contradicts the presence of a runny nose.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A patient presents stating that their skin is yellow. The patient has a family history of alcoholism. Which of the following should be documented?
- A.
Jaundice under Skin in ROS
- B.
Jaundice under Constitutional in ROS
- C.
Alcoholism under Family History
- D.
Jaundice under Past Medical History
Correct Answer(s)
A. Jaundice under Skin in ROS
C. Alcoholism under Family HistoryExplanation
Jaundice is the medical term for the yellowing of the skin. Jaundice is both a symptom and a condition. If a patient presents stating their skin is yellow, this should be included in both the HPI and the ROS.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A patient complains of migraine headaches and notes that diplopia is one of the symptoms. Which of the following organ systems are likely to be used in this patient’s ROS?
- A.
Psychiatric
- B.
Neurological
- C.
Eyes
- D.
Constitutional
Correct Answer(s)
B. Neurological
C. EyesExplanation
The patient's complaint of migraine headaches and diplopia suggests that the symptoms are related to the neurological system. Migraine headaches are a type of headache that is often accompanied by neurological symptoms such as visual disturbances, including diplopia (double vision). The eyes are also likely to be involved in this patient's ROS because diplopia is a visual symptom. Therefore, the correct answer is Neurological and Eyes.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Where does otalgia belong in the ROS?
- A.
Constitutional
- B.
ENT
- C.
Cardiovascular
- D.
Respiratory
- E.
GI
- F.
GU
- G.
Musculoskeletal
- H.
Skin
- I.
Neurological
- J.
Psychiatric
- K.
Endocrine
Correct Answer
B. ENTExplanation
Otalgia refers to ear pain, which is a symptom related to the ear. Therefore, it belongs in the ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) section of the Review of Systems (ROS).Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the definition of diplopia?
- A.
Double vision
- B.
Light sensitivity
- C.
Eye redness
- D.
Dizziness
Correct Answer
A. Double visionExplanation
Diplopia is the medical term for double vision, which refers to a condition where a person sees two images of a single object. This can occur in one or both eyes and can be caused by various factors such as eye muscle weakness, nerve damage, or certain medical conditions. Double vision can significantly affect a person's ability to see clearly and can be a symptom of underlying health issues that require medical attention.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is the definition of hematuria?
- A.
Blood in the urine
- B.
Blood in the stool
- C.
Frequent urination
- D.
Frequent bowel movements
Correct Answer
A. Blood in the urineExplanation
Hematuria is defined as the presence of blood in the urine. It can be caused by various factors such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, bladder or kidney infections, or certain medical conditions like kidney disease or bladder cancer. Detecting hematuria is important as it may indicate an underlying health issue that needs to be addressed.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the definition of polydipsia?
- A.
Frequent urination
- B.
Blood in the urine
- C.
Excessive thirst
- D.
Inability to urinate
Correct Answer
C. Excessive thirstExplanation
Polydipsia is a medical term that refers to excessive thirst. It is a condition where a person feels an intense and constant need to drink fluids, often resulting in the consumption of large amounts of water. This excessive thirst can be caused by various factors, such as diabetes, certain medications, or hormonal imbalances. People with polydipsia may experience dehydration and other related symptoms if their excessive thirst is not properly managed or treated.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following symptoms were discussed during the visit? (Check all that apply.)
- A.
Fever
- B.
Headache
- C.
Depression
- D.
Stress
- E.
Diarrhea
- F.
Constipation
- G.
Shortness of breath
- H.
Fatigue
Correct Answer(s)
D. Stress
E. Diarrhea
F. Constipation
G. Shortness of breath
H. FatigueExplanation
The visit discussed the symptoms of stress, diarrhea, constipation, shortness of breath, and fatigue.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Patient: But I did want to talk about my legs too. This right one started 15 or 18 years ago. I had a bacterial infection that was just like raw hamburger. I finally got it straightened out. Its pulling my leg up. But it's ok. But this other one has never had anything but it's terribly ugly and feels like leather.Doctor: So what you're seeing here and you can see the discoloration. It is chronic discoloration from the skin. We call it stasis dermatitis. The pigmentation changes and there is a change in texture. It forms this cup that you have more accentuated on this side. On top of that, if you have cellulitis then that contributes to this long term changePatient: I have cellulitis. I had an ulcer hereDoctor: So that also has caused the retraction of the skin and causes forms like this What should be documented in the ROS for the symptoms described by the patient above?
- A.
Cellulitis
- B.
Raw hamburger
- C.
Stasis dermatitis
- D.
Skin discoloration of the lower extremities
Correct Answer
D. Skin discoloration of the lower extremitiesExplanation
The patient describes skin discoloration of the lower extremities, specifically mentioning chronic discoloration, pigmentation changes, and texture changes. The doctor also confirms the presence of cellulitis and retraction of the skin. Therefore, skin discoloration of the lower extremities should be documented in the ROS for the symptoms described by the patient.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In what sections should COPD be documented?
- A.
ROS
- B.
Past Medical History
- C.
HPI
- D.
Social History
Correct Answer(s)
B. Past Medical History
C. HPIExplanation
COPD should be documented in the Past Medical History and HPI sections. The Past Medical History section is where the patient's previous medical conditions and diagnoses are recorded, including chronic conditions like COPD. The HPI (History of Present Illness) section is where the patient's current symptoms and complaints are documented, and since COPD is a chronic illness, it is relevant to include it in this section as well.Rate this question:
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- 20.
How should the Respiratory organ system be documented in the ROS for this patient?
- A.
Respiratory: Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.
- B.
Respiratory: Positive for shortness of breath. Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.
- C.
Respiratory: Positive for COPD. Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.
- D.
Respiratory: Positive for COPD and shortness of breath. Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory: Positive for shortness of breath. Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.Explanation
The correct answer is "Respiratory: Positive for shortness of breath. Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea." This answer accurately documents the patient's respiratory symptoms, indicating that they are experiencing shortness of breath but do not have cough, dyspnea, wheezing, or orthopnea.Rate this question:
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- 21.
How should the Gastrointestinal organ system be documented in the ROS for this patient?
- A.
Gastrointestinal: Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.
- B.
Gastrointestinal: Positive for diarrhea, constipation. Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.
- C.
Gastrointestinal: Positive for diarrhea, constipation. Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting.
- D.
Gastrointestinal: Positive for diarrhea, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome. Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.
Correct Answer
A. Gastrointestinal: Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.Explanation
The correct answer is the first option, "Gastrointestinal: Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation." This is because the patient does not have any symptoms related to the gastrointestinal system, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The information about the patient's most recent mammogram and immunizations should be documented in the ROS.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The information about the patient's most recent mammogram and immunizations should be documented in the medical record, but not necessarily in the Review of Systems (ROS). The ROS is a part of the patient's medical history that focuses on the patient's current symptoms and any related systems, not on specific tests or immunizations. Therefore, it is not necessary to include this information in the ROS.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The patient states that she has been feeling stressed. Under what organ system should "stress" be documented in the ROS?
- A.
Psychiatric
- B.
Constitutional
- C.
Neurological
- D.
"Stress" should not be documented in the ROS.
Correct Answer
A. PsychiatricExplanation
"Stress" should be documented in the Psychiatric section of the ROS because it is a psychological or emotional state that can affect a person's mental well-being. The Psychiatric section focuses on the patient's mental health and any related symptoms or concerns. Stress is commonly associated with psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and depression, and documenting it in this section allows healthcare providers to assess and address the patient's psychological needs.Rate this question:
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- 24.
ROS:Constitutional: Positive for fever. Negative for chills, sweats.Skin: Negative for rash, erythema, lesions.Eyes: Negative for eye pain, eye redness, itching, vision changes, diplopia.ENT: Negative for otalgia, rhinorrhea, sore throat.Cardiovascular: Negative for chest pain, palpitations.Respiratory: Negative for cough, dyspnea, wheezing, orthopnea.Gastrointestinal: Negative for abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.Genitourinary: Positive for flank pain, urinary frequency, hematuria, dysuria. Negative for retention, hesitancy, genital lesions, dyspareunia.Musculoskeletal: Negative for back pain, neck pain, joint pain.Neurological: Negative for headache, dizziness, numbness, tingling.Psychiatric: Negative for depression, anxiety, hallucinations, suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation.Endocrine/Hematologic: Negative for polyuria, polydipsia, hot flashes, hair loss, easy bruising. Based on the ROS above, which of the Top 10 chief complaints is most likely?
- A.
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- B.
Herpes zoster
- C.
Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)
- D.
Migraine
Correct Answer
A. Urinary tract infection (UTI)Explanation
Based on the review of systems (ROS), the patient presents with positive symptoms for flank pain, urinary frequency, and hematuria, which are indicative of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The ROS also shows negative symptoms for other conditions such as fever, rash, eye pain, cough, abdominal pain, and headache, ruling out other possible diagnoses like herpes zoster, upper respiratory infection (URI), and migraine. Therefore, the most likely chief complaint based on the ROS is a urinary tract infection (UTI).Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is a common associated symptom for Diabetes mellitus? (Check all that apply.)
- A.
Polydipsia
- B.
Polyphagia
- C.
Weight gain
- D.
Back pain
Correct Answer(s)
A. Polydipsia
B. Polyphagia
C. Weight gainExplanation
Polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight gain are all common associated symptoms for Diabetes mellitus. Polydipsia refers to excessive thirst, which is often experienced by individuals with diabetes due to increased urination and dehydration. Polyphagia refers to excessive hunger, as the body is unable to properly utilize glucose for energy. Weight gain can occur in some individuals with diabetes, particularly in those who have poorly controlled blood sugar levels. Back pain, however, is not typically associated with diabetes and is therefore not a common symptom.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of the following should be documented in Past Medical History (medical, surgeical, family, social, allergies, medications)? (Check all that apply.)
- A.
Drinks 3 alcoholic beverages per week
- B.
Chronic back pain
- C.
Allergic to penicillin
- D.
Hyperlipidemia
- E.
Fever
Correct Answer(s)
A. Drinks 3 alcoholic beverages per week
B. Chronic back pain
C. Allergic to penicillin
D. HyperlipidemiaExplanation
The Past Medical History should include any medical conditions or issues that the patient has experienced in the past. This includes chronic back pain, allergic reactions to penicillin, and hyperlipidemia, which is a condition characterized by high levels of lipids in the blood. The fact that the patient drinks 3 alcoholic beverages per week may also be relevant to include in the Past Medical History as it can impact their overall health and potential interactions with medications. However, the presence of a fever is not typically considered a past medical condition and would be more relevant to document in the present medical history.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A patient is currently pregnant. She has 2 twin boys, and 1 girl at home. She has never had an abortion or miscarriage. Calculate her GPA.
- A.
G3 P3 A0
- B.
G4 P3 A0
- C.
G2 P1 A1
- D.
G0 P3 A3
Correct Answer
A. G3 P3 A0Explanation
The answer is G3 P3 A0 because the patient has had 3 pregnancies (G3), all of which resulted in live births (P3), and has never had an abortion (A0) or miscarriage.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What is the definition of dyspareunia?
- A.
Difficult or painful sexual intercourse.
- B.
Painful or difficult urination.
- C.
Inflammation of the skin.
- D.
The loss of sensation during sexual intercourse.
Correct Answer
A. Difficult or painful sexual intercourse.Explanation
Dyspareunia refers to difficult or painful sexual intercourse. This condition can be caused by various factors such as physical issues, psychological factors, or underlying medical conditions. It can cause discomfort or pain in either the genital area or pelvic region during or after sexual activity. Treatment options for dyspareunia depend on the underlying cause and may include medication, therapy, or lifestyle changes.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Polyuria should be documented under which organ system in the ROS?
- A.
Endocrine / Hematologic
- B.
Skin
- C.
Gastrointestinal
- D.
Constitutional
Correct Answer
A. Endocrine / HematologicExplanation
Polyuria is a symptom characterized by excessive urination. It is often associated with endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus, which affect the production or regulation of hormones. Hematologic disorders, on the other hand, primarily involve the blood and its components, and do not typically cause polyuria. Therefore, documenting polyuria under the endocrine/hematologic organ system in the Review of Systems (ROS) would be appropriate.Rate this question:
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