APA Style MCQs Quiz With Answers
Are you familiar with APA style and citation? With this APA style quiz, test yourself with the help of our APA format quiz. Can you answer these questions? APA style is commonly used for citing sources within the behavioral and social sciences field. It is portrayed in the style guidebook of the American Psychological Association. The guidelines were created to assist with reading comprehension in the social and behavioral sciences for communication clarity. To understand more about APA style and citation, complete this APA citation quiz.
- 1.
Identify the APA issue(s) in the following passage: (Select all that apply) An innovative approach to breaking the generational cycle of poverty involves creating Individual Development Accounts (IDAs). Individual Development Accounts are a special type of savings account that match the deposit amounts when the funds are withdrawn to make a qualifying purchase such as: (1) purchasing a home as a primary residence, (2) paying for postsecondary education or job training, or (3) creating a retirement saving account.
- A.
The abbreviation for IDAs should be used to start the second sentence.
- B.
The colon in the second sentence is misused and unnecessary.
- C.
The in-line series should use lowercase letters such as (a), (b), and (c) rather than numbers.
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. The abbreviation for IDAs should be used to start the second sentence.
B. The colon in the second sentence is misused and unnecessary.
C. The in-line series should use lowercase letters such as (a), (b), and (c) rather than numbers.Explanation
No flip-flopping with abbreviations. According to APA style rules, once you have defined an abbreviation by writing out the full term and placing the abbreviation in parentheses, you must use the abbreviation thereafter. APA allows the use of an abbreviation to start a sentence.
The example shows a common misuse of a colon: Many people are under the false assumption that a colon should be used to start a list. Wrong. A colon must be preceded by an independent clause: In other words, what appears to the left of the colon must be a complete sentence that is capable of standing alone. However, what follows the colon does not have to be an independent clause.
According to APA, "in-line seriation" or lists of items that appear within a sentence can be distinguished using lowercase letters enclosed in parentheses. Special rules apply to lists that use numbers or bullet points.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Identify the problem(s) in the sentence below: The social information processing (SIP) theory holds that a child's behavior is the result of six overlapping cognitive steps that occur in the following order:(a) encode social cues, (b) mentally represent and interpret the cues, (c) constructing goals, (d) search for possible responses, (e) making a responsible decision, (f) enact a behavioral response while monitoring its effect.
- A.
The theory name should be capitalized.
- B.
The colon is misused. It would be better to make a second sentence.
- C.
The list of steps lacks a parallel structure.
- D.
Nothing - the sentence is correct as written.
Correct Answer
C. The list of steps lacks a parallel structure.Explanation
Items in a list must have a parallel structure. Usually, the easiest way to achieve parallel structure is to use the same verb form to begin each item in the list. Using the SIP example from this question, the list of steps could be revised as follows: (a) encoding cues, (b) interpreting cues, (c) clarifying goals, (d) constructing responses, (e) deciding on a response, and (f) enacting the selected response. Parallel structure creates harmony, with each item hitting a pleasant note; when a parallel structure is lacking, some items will hit sour or off-tune notes.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The passage below has several problems. Select all that apply. In this study, a sample of 43 urban youth was compared to a similar sample of 44 rural youth. Each of the youth was given a survey to complete and return in a sealed envelope. Follow-up interviews were conducted at the youth treatment facility, or it's community-based outreach clinic. Each of the interviews was conducted by a master's-level social work student and audio recorded for accurate transcription.
- A.
Problem with subject-verb number agreement.
- B.
First sentence should use compared with rather than compared to
- C.
Third sentence used contraction for it is; needs possessive its
- D.
None of the above, The passage has problems, but not those identified in A, B, or C.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Problem with subject-verb number agreement.
B. First sentence should use compared with rather than compared to
C. Third sentence used contraction for it is; needs possessive itsExplanation
The correct answer is that there is a problem with subject-verb number agreement, the first sentence should use "compared with" rather than "compared to," and the third sentence used a contraction for "it is" instead of the possessive form "its." These are all issues with grammar and punctuation that need to be corrected in the passage.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Identify the writing problem(s) in the following paragraph: The U. S. government defines poverty using an income-based threshold created in the early 1960s, which set the poverty level at 3 times the yearly cost of a basic food budget. Except for adjustments for inflation, it has remained unchanged since it was established despite the fact that today's families spend more on housing, child care, and health care than food. Social service workers spend much of their time trying to help families in need patch together a network of resources to meet their basic needs. Because the level of public assistance has not kept pace with other costs, this means they spend a greater proportion of their income on basic necessities that are not accounted for in the poverty equation. Further, it fails to account for regional differences in costs or receipt of other benefits such as Medicaid and Food Stamps.
- A.
The information is poorly organized.
- B.
The author has failed to cite sources.
- C.
The author's meaning is not clear because he or she has used too many pronouns with unclear antecedents.
- D.
None of the above - the paragraph is correct as written.
Correct Answer(s)
A. The information is poorly organized.
B. The author has failed to cite sources.
C. The author's meaning is not clear because he or she has used too many pronouns with unclear antecedents.Explanation
The paragraph contains multiple writing problems. Firstly, the information is poorly organized as it jumps from discussing the definition of poverty to the challenges faced by social service workers without a clear transition. Secondly, the author has failed to cite sources for the information presented, which affects the credibility of the paragraph. Lastly, the author's meaning is not clear due to the excessive use of pronouns with unclear antecedents, making it difficult for the reader to understand the intended referents.Rate this question:
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- 5.
You are using material from a newspaper article. The article does not list an author, but the title is "Budget Cuts Go Beyond the Bone," which was published on page 23 of The Independent, April 28, 2011. Which is the correct in-text citation for this source?
- A.
...reducing services to a lottery will turn away many of those in need of basic services (not a quote; no citation needed for a paraphrase).
- B.
...reducing services to a lottery will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Independent, 2011, p. 23).
- C.
...reducing services to a lottery will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Budget Cuts, 2011).
- D.
...reducing services to a lottery will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Anonymous, 2001, p. 23).
Correct Answer
C. ...reducing services to a lottery will turn away many of those in need of basic services (Budget Cuts, 2011).Explanation
When a newspaper article doesn't list an author, reduce the title to the fewest words possible, allowing the reader to easily locate the entry in the reference list. Enclose the shortened title in quotation marks, and add the year of publication. A specific page number is added to a citation when using a direct quote from the source, but not for a paraphrase.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In which sentence(s) has the quotation been integrated most successfully?
- A.
Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers are likely to develop a new management style. "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- B.
Keay (2004) explained that a new kind of management style would emerge from Gen Xers. They have "rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement. They might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- C.
Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers would develop a new kind of management style because of their attitudes toward traditional work routines and being managed: "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).
- D.
Different management styles have emerged as social changes have taken hold. For example, [Gen Xers] "rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement. They might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (Keaveney, 2004, p.102).
Correct Answer
C. Keay (2004) explained that Gen Xers would develop a new kind of management style because of their attitudes toward traditional work routines and being managed: "Having rebelled against standard business hours and micromanagement, they might find it difficult to make such demands of their subordinates" (p.102).Explanation
Use quotes as supporting information, not as replacements for doing your own writing. To be used effectively, a quote must be introduced to the text by having the meaning and relevance of the quote stated explicitly. Don't drop "quote bombs" (Answer D) and expect the reader to do the work of deciphering the meaning and relevance of the quote.
Neither Answer A nor Answer B adequately integrates the quote.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Your source on young entrepreneurs gives statistics on increasing rates of business ownership among those 18 to 34 years old. The source states, "This trend may dilute corporate pools of promotable junior managers but provide a needed infrastructure for corporate outsourcing" (Keaveney, 2004, p. 102-103). Which of the following is an acceptable paraphrase?
- A.
Increasingly, young adults (i.e., 18 to 34 years old) are establishing their own businesses rather than working their way up the corporate ladder. This increased rate of entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have a less-rich resource in-house from which to develop managers, and (b) corporations may need to look to subcontract some work to these entrepreneurs.
- B.
A necessary infrastructure for corporate outsourcing has been established even though the trend of young adults owning their own businesses is weakening the availability of junior managers, who are potential executives (Keaveney 2004).
- C.
Companies will not be able to find enough people to hire with junior management skills, so they will have to subcontract much of the work instead (Keaveney, 2004)
- D.
An ever-growing number of young adults (i.e., those 18 to 34 years old) have chosen to create their own businesses rather than tie their lives to the corporate ladder. This increased entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have fewer highly skilled and talented mid-level employees from which they can select executives, and (b) corporations will need to overcome this "brain drain" by subcontracting with these entrepreneurs for their services (Keaveney, 2004).
- E.
The current fashion of members of the younger generation owning their own businesses might water down the numbers of available potential low-ranking administrators; however, it might also supply a necessary means at a basic level for businesses to subcontract (Keaveney, 2004).
Correct Answer
D. An ever-growing number of young adults (i.e., those 18 to 34 years old) have chosen to create their own businesses rather than tie their lives to the corporate ladder. This increased entrepreneurship has two implications for corporate America: (a) corporations will have fewer highly skilled and talented mid-level employees from which they can select executives, and (b) corporations will need to overcome this "brain drain" by subcontracting with these entrepreneurs for their services (Keaveney, 2004).Explanation
Answer A would be an acceptable paraphrase IF the source were cited. Paraphrasing without citing the source is plagiarism because you are representing another author's thoughts as your own.
Answer B is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because it duplicates parts of the original without identifying the words or phrases as quotes.
Answer C is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because it is not identical in meaning to the original.
Answer D IS an acceptable paraphrase because it restates Keaveney's ideas using this author's own words, AND it credits the original source.
Answer E is NOT an acceptable paraphrase because the syntax follows the original too closely.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Writing support for on-campus students attending the School of Social Work can be found from which of the following sources?
- A.
The Writing Resources page on the School's website, under the Current Students tab
- B.
The APA Quick Reference Guide can be downloaded from the Writing Resources page.
- C.
The School's Writing Support Team
- D.
The UNC Writing Center
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the given sources provide writing support for on-campus students attending the School of Social Work. The Writing Resources page on the School's website, under the Current Students tab, offers various resources and tools to assist students with their writing. The APA Quick Reference Guide, which can be downloaded from the Writing Resources page, specifically helps students with APA formatting and citation guidelines. The School's Writing Support Team is a dedicated team that provides personalized writing assistance and feedback to students. The UNC Writing Center is another resource available to students, offering tutoring and support for all aspects of the writing process. Therefore, all of these sources offer writing support for on-campus students at the School of Social Work.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The Reference section should start on a separate page under the centered heading References, which does not use bold font. The reference entries should appear in alphabetical order by author's surname (or by title if works do not list an author) regardless of the type of source (e.g., book, film, journal article, website).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
APA style rules call for a bold font to be applied to heading Levels 1-4 WITHIN the body of the paper. According to APA, the title page, the Reference section, and appendices are not within the body of the paper (Strictly speaking, the body of the paper starts with the paper's title on the first page of text, encompassing everything through the last sentence of the concluding paragraph).Rate this question:
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- 10.
Choose the correct reference format for the following source that you retrieved from an online journal: Social Work and Research, 1995, Vol. 68(2), 127-137 SSN: 1948-CCX DOI:10.1037/swr/127 Students and the Problem of Entitlement Jeffrey T. Swan Dennard Q. Rail Mary N. Bushcombe University of Georgia Note: Per APA, journal titles should be set in italics (e.g., Social Work and Research); however, the quiz-maker software doesn't permit italics in the answer options.
- A.
Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137.
- B.
J. T. Swan, D. Q. Rail, & M. N. Bushcombe. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. ISSN: 1948-CCX doi:10.1037/swr/127
- C.
Bushcombe, M. N., Rail, D. Q., & Swan, J. T. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127
- D.
Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127
Correct Answer
D. Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127Explanation
Keep authors listed in the order listed on the title page rather than arranging them alphabetically. (Ans. C) Ans. A is incomplete because it does not include the DOI (digital object identifier) for the electronic journal. The APA format does not include the ISSN number (Ans. B), which is an identifying number assigned by the Library of Congress.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which choice shows the correct format for the first use of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source with the following sentence: Thus, students' misplaced sense of entitlement interferes with classroom teaching and, ultimately, the quality of education and training that students receive.
- A.
Training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995)
- B.
Training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).
- C.
Training that students receive (Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe, 1995).
- D.
Training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1993).
Correct Answer
B. Training that students receive (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).Explanation
Look closely at Ans. A to see that the writer has misplaced the period BEFORE the citation. The correct APA format (Ans. B) places the sentence punctuation AFTER the parenthetical citation to indicate the citation refers to the above information. Ans. C uses the correct punctuation but has spelled it out rather than using the ampersand (&), and therefore, does not follow APA style. Ans. D has the incorrect publication year. It is your responsibility as a scholar to ensure that your references contain accurate information, including the correct spelling of authors' names, complete titles, and exact publication dates.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which choice shows the correct format and APA style for the first use of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source in the text of the following sentence: "... found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- A.
Jeffrey Swan, Dennard Rail, and Mary Bushcombe found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments (1995).
- B.
Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- C.
Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
- D.
Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) find that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.
Correct Answer
C. Swan, Rail, and Bushcombe (1995) found that students' sense of entitlement led to complaints that course requirements were too burdensome and often interfered with their social commitments.Explanation
When using authors' names in the text, APA does not include first names unless needed to distinguish authors with identical initials. Ans. B failed to replace the & with the word, and Ans D used the correct citation format but used present tense find rather than past tense found to refer to the published work.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which choice shows the correct format for the second parenthetical citation of the Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe (1995) source in a later paragraph in the paper, using the following sentence: In addition, the authors suggested that admissions officers should have frank discussions with applicants that clearly outline what the graduate program demands, expects, and requires of students.
- A.
...demands, expects, and requirements of students (Swan, Rail, & Bushcombe, 1995).
- B.
...demands, expects, and requirements of students [Swan, Rail, and Buschcombe, 1995].
- C.
...demands, expects, and requirements of students (Swan, Rail & Bushcombe).
- D.
...demands, expects, and requirements of students (Swan et al. 1995)
- E.
...demands, expects, and requirements of students (Swan et al. 1995).
Correct Answer
E. ...demands, expects, and requirements of students (Swan et al. 1995).Explanation
For works with 3-5 authors, the first in-text citation lists all authors; subsequent citations are shortened to the first author plus et al., which is a Latin abbreviation meaning others. It is not an abbreviation, whereas al. is the abbreviation for Alia, and therefore, al. always uses a period. Answers A, B, and C are incorrect because they did not use the shortened format. Also, B uses square brackets instead of parentheses. Answer D is missing the period following the abbreviation al.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which choice shows the correct format for the first in-text citation for the following journal article: (Select all that apply) "An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project" by J. K. O'Day, G. T. Cahn, B. B. Flores, P. W. Wrap, G. Dayfield, and A. P. Stele Published in 2009, the Journal of Long Titles, Volume 23, Issue 6, pages 1134-1145 DOI:1010/JLT.34 Springerbok Publishers, 145 Deerfield Plaza, Greenwich, Connecticut, 15432.
- A.
(O'Day, Chan, Flores, Wrap, Dayfield, & Steel, 2009)
- B.
(O'Day, Cahn, Flores, Wrap, Dayfield, and Stele, 2009)
- C.
(O'Day et al., 2009)
- D.
(O'Day and colleagues 2009)
Correct Answer
C. (O'Day et al., 2009)Explanation
According to APA, in-text citations for works with six or more authors can be shortened to the first author + et al. (abbreviation for "and others) on first use. Answer A didn't shorten the citation and misspelled the names of two authors (Chan instead of Cahn; Steel instead of Stele). Attention to detail is critical. In addition to not using the shortened citation format, Answer B used "and" instead of the & symbol. "And" should be spelled out when the authors' names are used in the sentence, but parenthetical citations should use the ampersand (&). Answer D used an inappropriate format for a parenthetical citation; however, the use of "and colleagues" is allowed if the authors' names are used as part of the sentence.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which choice shows a correct reference entry for the following journal article? (Select all that apply) "An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project" by J. K. O'Day, G. T. Cahn, B. B. Flores, P. W. Wrap, G. Dayfield, and A. P. Stele. Published in 2009, the Journal of Long Titles, Volume 23, Issue 6, pages 1134-1145. DOI:1010/JLT.34 Springerbok Publishers, 145 Deerfield Plaza, Greenwich, Connecticut, 15432. Note: The quiz format does not permit the use of italics in the answers. Therefore, you will have to ignore the APA requirements for italics in reference formats. However, the full format is explained in the additional comments.
- A.
O'Day, JK Cahn, GT Flores, BB Wrap, PW Dayfield, G & Stele, AP (2009). An Analysis of Qualitative Data on Sibling Relationships in Immigrant Families Obtained From Parent-Child Interviews Conducted as Part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, Vol. 23, pp. 1134-45: Springerbok.
- B.
O'Day, J. K., Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009).
- C.
O'Day, J. K., Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23, 1134-1145. doi:1010/JLT.34
- D.
O'Day et al. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23 (6), 1134-1145. DOI: 1010/jlt.34.
Correct Answer
C. O'Day, J. K., Cahn, G. T., Flores, B. B., Wrap, P. W., Dayfield, G., & Stele, A. P. (2009). An analysis of qualitative data on sibling relationships in immigrant families obtained from parent-child interviews conducted as part of the Latino Health Assessment Project. Journal of Long Titles, 23, 1134-1145. doi:1010/JLT.34Explanation
Ans A is incorrect because it doesn't have correct punctuation for authors' initials and has used headline style caps for the article title. Ans. B uses the correct format for the author's information and year but is missing the other essential elements of the entry. Ans. C is the correct format; the article title is incorrect sentence-style caps with Latino Health Assessment Project capped because it is a proper name. APA format omits the issue number for journals that use continuous pagination throughout a volume. In other words, if Vol. 4, Issue 1 contains pages 1-190, and Vol. 4, Issue 2 contains pages 191 -302, the journal is using continuous pagination. In this quiz example, the high page numbers (i.e., 1134-1145) are a strong clue that the journal is using continuous pagination. Ans D has two fatal flaws. For works with seven authors, list all authors. For works with more than seven authors, list the first 6, insert then list the last author. Second flaw: DOI should be lowercase.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Suppose you have written a paper on the mission of social work, which is based on a section of the Code of Ethics adopted by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) in 2008. The original article from the NASW website appears below. "The mission of the social work profession is rooted in a set of core values. These core values, embraced by social workers throughout the profession’s history, are the foundation of social work’s unique purpose and perspective: · service · social justice · dignity and worth of the person · importance of human relationships · integrity · competence" Which of the statements in your paper would need to include a citation? (Select all that apply)
- Statement A: The social work profession seeks to ensure the well-being of the most vulnerable among the population.
- Statement B: The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) has established a Code of Ethics that govern practitioners' actions in the field.
- Statement C: The Code of Ethics notes that the mission of social work is grounded in six essential values: (a) service, (b) social justice, (c) dignity and worth of the person, (d) importance of human relationships, (e) integrity, and (f) competence.
- Statement D: According to the NASW Code of Ethics, the mission of all social workers should be based on a set of core principles, including service to others, ensuring social justice and equality, recognizing and ensuring each person's value and dignity, working to preserve the essential worth of human relationships, acting in accord with moral soundness and ethical wholeness, and possessing the skills and knowledge to carry out tasks required for practice.
- A.
Statement A should include a citation.
- B.
Statement B should include a citation.
- C.
Statement C should include a citation.
- D.
Statement D should include a citation.
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer(s)
B. Statement B should include a citation.
C. Statement C should include a citation.
D. Statement D should include a citation.Explanation
Statement A does not need a citation because the information could be considered general knowledge. Although Statement B notes that the NASW authors the Code of Ethics, the statement should include a citation that indicates the year of the Code that the author has used as a source. Statement C gives specific information that cannot be considered general knowledge even within the field of social work; therefore, this statement should include a full citation of the author and year for the source of this information (i.e., National Association of Social Workers, 2008). Besides, Statement C is a poor paraphrase of the section from the Code of Ethics; an improved revision would place quotation marks around the six values. Although Statement D is a paraphrase of the article from the Code of Ethics, the underlying thoughts and concepts expressed were derived from a source; therefore, the statement should include a citation giving credit to the word, ideas, and work of others that have influenced the author's thinking.Rate this question:
- 17.
"According to Erickson (1950, as cited in Hodgeworth, 2001), each of an individual's stages of development (i.e., physical, emotional, or psychological) are related to specific tasks that must be mastered. " . The citation used in the above sentence is called a secondary source citation. In this case, the student was citing a passage from the class text written by Hodgeworth (2001) that described Erik Erickson's work that was published in 1950. This type of citation is acceptable under which of the following circumstances? (Select all that apply)
- A.
The primary source (e.g., Erickson's publication) is not available in the language that the student reads.
- B.
The primary source is not available from the student's university library or inter-library loan, or there will be a substantial delay in obtaining the primary source.
- C.
The student is too lazy to find the primary source and read the original work.
- D.
The only required reading for the course was the textbook; therefore, the instructor has indicated that secondary citations will be allowed.
- E.
When the student is too busy to read the primary source, he recognizes that the secondary citations are weak supports and indicate a lack of scholarly rigor.
Correct Answer(s)
A. The primary source (e.g., Erickson's publication) is not available in the language that the student reads.
B. The primary source is not available from the student's university library or inter-library loan, or there will be a substantial delay in obtaining the primary source.
C. The student is too lazy to find the primary source and read the original work.
D. The only required reading for the course was the textbook; therefore, the instructor has indicated that secondary citations will be allowed.
E. When the student is too busy to read the primary source, he recognizes that the secondary citations are weak supports and indicate a lack of scholarly rigor.Explanation
All answers are acceptable, but Answers A and B are the most widely accepted answers. Secondary citations are weak supports because you are relying on another person's interpretation of the primary source. Rigorous scholarship demands that you investigate primary sources whenever possible. Moreover, students should seek out the primary sources of seminal works such as Erickson's that have had a substantial influence on the field.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Identify the APA style issue(s) in the following passage: (Select all that apply) Since most graduate students have completed traditional 4-year college programs, professors in graduate schools assume that all students have mastered the skill of academic writing. While a few students are accomplished writers, the Writing Center has found that across disciplines, most graduate students struggle unnecessarily with writing because they are either unaware of the writing support that is available or is reluctant to admit that they might need to improve this important professional skill.
- A.
No problem with the passage
- B.
The second sentence is a run-on sentence.
- C.
Words Since and While are misused
- D.
Missing commas in the second sentence
Correct Answer
C. Words Since and While are misusedExplanation
APA limits since and while to temporal terms. Since it indicates a time span from one event to another; while indicates two or more simultaneous events. Use although or whereas to indicate contrasting information; use because to indicate the reason for or causeRate this question:
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- 19.
Based on the APA style rules, what problem(s) can you identify in the sentence below: Birch (1998) argues that teens born outside of the U.S. are more likely to adopt conservative family norms. Select all that apply.
- A.
APA mandates the use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research.
- B.
The sentence uses informal language (i.e., teens). APA requires formal, precise language, such as youth or adolescents, which have to be defined by an age range.
- C.
United States must be spelled out when used as a noun; the abbreviation U.S. can be used as an adjective, such as U.S. population.
- D.
The sentence makes half a comparison; study participants were more likely than others to adopt such values.
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. APA mandates the use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research.
B. The sentence uses informal language (i.e., teens). APA requires formal, precise language, such as youth or adolescents, which have to be defined by an age range.
C. United States must be spelled out when used as a noun; the abbreviation U.S. can be used as an adjective, such as U.S. population.
D. The sentence makes half a comparison; study participants were more likely than others to adopt such values.Explanation
The following problems can be identified in the sentence based on APA style rules:
1. APA mandates the use of past tense when referring to published material or prior research. (Correct)
- The sentence uses the present tense ("argues") to refer to a past study. It should use past tense, like "argued," to adhere to APA style.
2. The sentence uses informal language (i.e., teens). APA requires formal, precise language, such as youth or adolescents, which have to be defined by an age range. (Correct)
- The term "teens" is informal, and APA prefers more formal and specific language, like "adolescents," especially when discussing research subjects.
3. United States must be spelled out when used as a noun; the abbreviation U.S. can be used as an adjective, such as U.S. population. (Correct)
- When referring to the country as a noun, "United States" should be spelled out, not abbreviated.
4. The sentence makes half a comparison; study participants were more likely than others to adopt such values. (Correct)
- The sentence mentions "more likely," which implies a comparison, but it doesn't specify the comparison group or provide the complete comparison context.
So, the sentence has all the identified problems.Rate this question:
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- 20.
On May 1, 2011, you interviewed Dr. Betsy Bledsoe for your paper on evidence-based practice. You decide to incorporate Dr. Bledsoe's information in your paper as a paraphrase or by using the following direct quote: "...to achieve wider use of the evidence-based practice in local agencies, schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice." Which of the following shows the correct format for citing your interview?
- A.
"Schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice"(add your surname as the person who conducted the interview, May 2011).
- B.
Currently, the wider use of the evidence-based practice in community agencies is challenged by a lack of resources and support to help staff understand the research implications and apply the findings to work with their specific population (personal communication, B. Bledsoe, May 1, 2011).
- C.
Bledsoe said, "To achieve wider use of the evidence-based practice in local agencies, schools of social work need to provide ongoing support to help agency staff translate research into practice" (B. Bledsoe, interview, May 1, 2011)
Correct Answer
B. Currently, the wider use of the evidence-based practice in community agencies is challenged by a lack of resources and support to help staff understand the research implications and apply the findings to work with their specific population (personal communication, B. Bledsoe, May 1, 2011).Explanation
This option correctly cites a personal communication in APA format, which includes the communicator's initials and surname, the words "personal communication," and the date of the communication. Interviews that are not retrievable by the reader are cited as personal communications.Rate this question:
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Mar 28, 2011Quiz Created by
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