Acid Base Imbalance
- 1.
What would you expect to see in a patient with Respiratory Acidosis?
- A.
Rapid, Shallow respirations, HA, Tachycardia, confusion, muscle weakness
- B.
Deep, rapid breathing, confusion, seizures, tachycardia, tetany
- C.
Hypotension, decreased BP, confusion, Kussumaul resp, abd pain
- D.
Restlessness, confusion, tremors, tingling in fingers and toes, hypertension
Correct Answer
A. Rapid, Shallow respirations, HA, Tachycardia, confusion, muscle weakness -
- 2.
A post-op male patient has been on NG suctioning for 5 days. You are in his room getting vitals and he begins hypoventilation and having a seizure. Earlier in the day he was very restless and then lathargic and C/O muscle cramps. Given this information, what do you think he has?
- A.
Resp. acidosis
- B.
Resp. alkalosis
- C.
Metab. acidosis
- D.
Metab. alkalosis
Correct Answer
D. Metab. alkalosis -
- 3.
What medications would you expect a doctor to prescribe to someone in resp. alkalosis
- A.
A mild sedative and anti-anxiety med like Xanax
- B.
Alkalotic IV solution like Sodium Bicarb or sodium lactate
- C.
A bronchodilator like Albuterol and Mucomyst to thin secretions
- D.
Tagment or Zantac and a potassium supplement
Correct Answer
A. A mild sedative and anti-anxiety med like Xanax -
- 4.
What nursing diagnoses would you use for someone in resp. acidosis?
- A.
Ineffective breathing pattern r/t hypoventilation
- B.
Ineffective breathing pattern r/t hyperventilation
- C.
Risk for FVD r/t excessive loss from kidneys or GI
- D.
FVD r/t excessive GI fluid loss
Correct Answer
A. Ineffective breathing pattern r/t hypoventilation -
- 5.
If a client is in resp. acidosis, why is it important to provide low flow O2 at only 2-3 L, instead of 5-6 L
- A.
Too much O2, can shut down the resp. system
- B.
It doesn't matter how much O2 is on, anything will help
- C.
Too much O2 will cause N/V/D
- D.
The more O2 the less the anxiety
Correct Answer
A. Too much O2, can shut down the resp. system -
- 6.
During your physical assessment of a patient with Respiratory Alkalosis, what would you look for to confirm this finding?
- A.
Cold, clammy skin, deep, rapid resp, twitching, decreased BP
- B.
Purse lip breathing, dyspnea, decreased BP, decreased LOC, lung crackles, decresed perfusion
- C.
Tachycardia, numbness and tingling of ext., rapid, deep resp, decreased or normal BP
- D.
Hypertension, paralytic ileus, decreased LOC, muscle cramps
Correct Answer
C. Tachycardia, numbness and tingling of ext., rapid, deep resp, decreased or normal BP -
- 7.
What type of disarge teaching would you provide for a 32 year old female with diabetes?
- A.
Stress management classes and relaxation techniques
- B.
Preventative measures for breathlessness O2 setting importance
- C.
Seek healthcare for prolonged diarrhea and glucose testing
- D.
Take antacids correctly and S&S of hypokalemia
Correct Answer
C. Seek healthcare for prolonged diarrhea and glucose testing -
- 8.
ABG lab values: pH: 7.23, CO2: 47, HCO3: 26, what compensatory mechanism is working here.
- A.
Kidneys: retaining HCO3, so these levels will rise
- B.
Kidneys: excrete HCO3, levels will be low
- C.
Lungs: CO2 is being blow off so levels will be low
- D.
Lungs: CO2 is retained so levels will be high
Correct Answer
A. Kidneys: retaining HCO3, so these levels will rise -
- 9.
What nursing diagnoses would you use for someone in Metabolic acidosis?
- A.
Ineffective breathing pattern r/t hypoventilation
- B.
Ineffective breathing pattern r/t hyperventilation
- C.
Risk for FVD r/t excessive loss from kidneys or GI
- D.
FVD r/t excessive GI fluid loss
Correct Answer
C. Risk for FVD r/t excessive loss from kidneys or GI -
- 10.
What medications would you expect a doctor to prescribe to someone in metabolic alkalosis
- A.
A mild sedative and anti-anxiety med like Xanax
- B.
Alkalotic IV solution like Sodium Bicarb or sodium lactate
- C.
A bronchodilator like Albuterol and Mucomyst to thin secretions
- D.
Tagment or Zantac and a potassium supplement
Correct Answer
D. Tagment or Zantac and a potassium supplement -
- 11.
What medications would you expect a doctor to prescribe to someone in resp. acidosis?
- A.
A mild sedative and anti-anxiety med like Xanax
- B.
Alkalotic IV solution like Sodium Bicarb or sodium lactate
- C.
A bronchodilator like Albuterol and Mucomyst to thin secretions
- D.
Tagment or Zantac and a potassium supplement
Correct Answer
C. A bronchodilator like Albuterol and Mucomyst to thin secretions -
- 12.
A mother brings her 3 year old into the ER and explains that she has been giving him Pepto Bismol for an upset stomach for the past 2 days. The toddler is vomiting and tachycardic, his breathing is deep and rapid. What would the priority nursing intervention be for this patient.
- A.
Administer O2 since he is in resp. acidosis
- B.
Provide him with a K supp to correct underlying prob of metab. alk
- C.
Administer IV solution of sodium bicarb to correct the metab. acid
- D.
Provide support and reassurance, assist to breath more slowly
Correct Answer
D. Provide support and reassurance, assist to breath more slowly -
- 13.
A 55 year old female with a hx of DKA is admitted to the emergency department. Upon assessment you see she is hypotensive, has severe dysrhythmias and her respirations are deep and rapid. What does this tell you she may have?
- A.
Metabolic alkalosis
- B.
Metabolic acidosis
- C.
Respiratory alkaolsis
- D.
Respiratory acidosis
Correct Answer
B. Metabolic acidosis -
- 14.
If your ABG values come back to reveal respiratory acidosis, and despite your best efforts the condition is not getting better, you would say the client is
- A.
Partially compensating
- B.
Completely compesating
- C.
Decompensating
- D.
Pt. is dead so compensating doesn't matter
Correct Answer
C. Decompensating -
- 15.
During your initial assesment of a client you note: decreased LOC, and slight confusion and drowsiness, CRT is 5 sec., cyanosis around the mouth, and clubbing of nail beds, vitals indicate: Tachycardia and decreased BP, resp. rate is rapid but shallow. Labs have been ordered and when you get the results you note this patient is also hyperkalemic. what do you think his diagnoses is?
- A.
Metab. acidosis
- B.
Metab. alkalosis
- C.
Resp. alkalosis
- D.
Resp. acidosis
Correct Answer
D. Resp. acidosis -
- 16.
For your inital assessment of a client you note: Vitals: 80/60, dysrhthymias, kussumaul resp. muscle twitching, warm, flushed skin, vasodilation, abd pain rates at 6. his lab results show his potassium level at 8.2.
- A.
Metab acidosis
- B.
Metab. alkalosis
- C.
Resp. acidosis
- D.
Metab. alkalosis
Correct Answer
A. Metab acidosis -
- 17.
What medications would you expect a doctor to prescribe to someone in metabolic acidosis
- A.
A mild sedative and anti-anxiety med like Xanax
- B.
Alkalotic IV solution like Sodium Bicarb or sodium lactate
- C.
A bronchodilator like Albuterol and Mucomyst to thin secretions
- D.
Tagment or Zantac and a potassium supplement
Correct Answer
B. Alkalotic IV solution like Sodium Bicarb or sodium lactate -
- 18.
ABG lab values: pH: 7.48, CO2: 45, HCO3: 32, what compensatory mechanism is working here.
- A.
Kidneys: retaining HCO3, so these levels will rise
- B.
Kidneys: excrete HCO3, levels will be low
- C.
Lungs: CO2 is being blow off so levels will be low
- D.
Lungs: CO2 is retained so levels will be high
Correct Answer
D. Lungs: CO2 is retained so levels will be high -
- 19.
What type of disarge teaching would you provide for a teenage girl who was admitted with resp. alkalosis?
- A.
Stress management classes and relaxation techniques
- B.
Preventative measures for breathlessness and infection S&S
- C.
Seek healthcare for prolonged diarrhea
- D.
Take antacids correctly and S&S of hypokalemia
Correct Answer
A. Stress management classes and relaxation techniques -
- 20.
Initial assessment of Ms. Jones reveals: BP 160/110, dysrhythmias, decreased LOC, confusion and dizziness, tremors with cramping and tingling in fingers and toes, She is nervous, has paralytic ileus. Her lab results show Potassium levels 2.3.
- A.
Metab. acidosis
- B.
Metab. alkalosis
- C.
Resp. acidosis
- D.
Resp. alkalosis
Correct Answer
B. Metab. alkalosis -
- 21.
ABG lab values: pH: 7.29, CO2: 35, HCO3: 19, what compensatory mechanism is working here.
- A.
Kidneys: retaining HCO3, so these levels will rise
- B.
Kidneys: excrete HCO3, levels will be low
- C.
Lungs: CO2 is being blow off so levels will be low
- D.
Lungs: CO2 is retained so levels will be high
Correct Answer
C. Lungs: CO2 is being blow off so levels will be low -
- 22.
What are the classic conditions that cause a person to be in a Respiratory alkalotic state?
- A.
Hyperventilation, fear and mechanical vent.
- B.
Starvation diet and DKA or renal failure
- C.
Excessive NG suctions and diuretics
- D.
COPD, pneumonia and Drug overdose
Correct Answer
A. Hyperventilation, fear and mechanical vent. -
- 23.
What are the classic conditions that cause a person to be in a Metabolic alkalotic state?
- A.
Hyperventilation, fear and mechanical vent.
- B.
Starvation diet and DKA or renal failure
- C.
Excessive NG suctions and diuretics
- D.
COPD, pneumonia and Drug overdose
Correct Answer
C. Excessive NG suctions and diuretics -
- 24.
What type of disarge teaching would you provide for a patient with metabolic alkalosis
- A.
Stress management classes and relaxation techniques
- B.
Preventative measures for breathlessness O2 setting importance
- C.
Seek healthcare for prolonged diarrhea and glucose testing
- D.
Take antacids correctly and S&S of hypokalemia
Correct Answer
D. Take antacids correctly and S&S of hypokalemia -
- 25.
A client is admitted to the ER, for your inital assessment you note: Vitals: tachycardia, rapid, deep respirations and BP 110/89. sensitivity to digitalis, chest tightness, tetany, blurred vision and reflexes +4. He is also confused and drowsy. When his lab test come back his Potassium level is 1.2.
- A.
Resp. acidosis
- B.
Resp. alkalosis
- C.
Metab. acidosis
- D.
Metab. alkalosis
Correct Answer
B. Resp. alkalosis -
- 26.
ABG lab values: pH: 7.53, CO2: 31, HCO3: 22, what compensatory mechanism is working here.
- A.
Kidneys: retaining HCO3, so these levels will rise
- B.
Kidneys: excrete HCO3, levels will be low
- C.
Lungs: CO2 is being blow off so levels will be low
- D.
Lungs: CO2 is retained so levels will be high
Correct Answer
B. Kidneys: excrete HCO3, levels will be low -
- 27.
What are the classic conditions that cause a person to be in a Metabolic acidotic state?
- A.
Hyperventilation, fear and mechanical vent.
- B.
Starvation diet and DKA or renal failure
- C.
Excessive NG suctions and diuretics
- D.
COPD, pneumonia and Drug overdose
Correct Answer
B. Starvation diet and DKA or renal failure -
- 28.
What are the classic conditions that cause a person to be in a Respiratory acidotic state?
- A.
Hyperventilation and fear
- B.
Starvation diet and DKA
- C.
Excessive NG suctions and diuretics
- D.
COPD, pneumonia and Drug overdose
Correct Answer
D. COPD, pneumonia and Drug overdose -
- 29.
What type of disarge teaching would you provide for a 75 year old male with COPD?
- A.
Stress management classes and relaxation techniques
- B.
Preventative measures for breathlessness O2 setting importance
- C.
Seek healthcare for prolonged diarrhea and glucose testing
- D.
Take antacids correctly and S&S of hypokalemia
Correct Answer
B. Preventative measures for breathlessness O2 setting importance -
- 30.
ABG tests results: pH 7.21, CO2 52, HCO3 12. 24 hours later another round of labs are ran, they are the same, what does this indicate?
- A.
The compensatory mechanism is working
- B.
The need to Stop GI suctioning
- C.
Possible hyperthyrodisim and the need to remove gland
- D.
Possible renal failure
Correct Answer
D. Possible renal failure -
- 31.
PH: 7.17 CO2: 80 HCO3: 24
Correct Answer
uncompensated respiratory acidosis - 32.
PH: 7.58 CO2: 20 HCO3: 24
Correct Answer
Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis - 33.
PH: 7.10 CO2: 50 HCO3: 15
Correct Answer
uncompensated respiratory and metabolic acidosis - 34.
PH: 7.32 CO2: 30 HCO3: 15
Correct Answer
uncompensated metabolic acidosis - 35.
PH: 7.34 CO2: 60 HCO3: 28
Correct Answer
uncompensated respiratory acidosis - 36.
PH: 7.41 CO2: 39 HCO3: 25
Correct Answer
normal - 37.
PH: 7.36 CO2: 55 HCO3: 34
Correct Answer
compensated respiratory acidosis - 38.
PH: 7.23 CO2: 32 HCO3: 14
Correct Answer
uncompensated metabolic acidosis - 39.
PH: 7.43 CO2: 30 HCO3: 20
Correct Answer
Compensated respiratory alkalosis - 40.
PH: 7.51 CO2: 28 HCO3: 25
Correct Answer
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
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Feb 12, 2013Quiz Edited by
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Jan 21, 2012Quiz Created by
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