The Steel Quiz

Explanation
Chromium is the ingredient that makes stainless steel "stainless". It forms a protective layer on the surface of the steel, preventing it from rusting or corroding. This layer is composed of chromium oxide, which is highly resistant to oxidation and corrosion. Therefore, the presence of chromium in stainless steel enhances its durability and makes it suitable for various applications where resistance to corrosion is important.

Explanation
Pig iron and steel are both iron alloys, but the main difference between them is the carbon content. Pig iron has a higher carbon content, typically around 3-4%, while steel has a lower carbon content, usually less than 2%. This difference in carbon levels affects the properties and characteristics of the materials. Steel with lower carbon content is stronger, more malleable, and has better weldability compared to pig iron. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon.

Explanation
PCI stands for Pulverized Coal Injection in a blast furnace operation. This process involves injecting pulverized coal into the blast furnace to replace some of the coke traditionally used as fuel. The pulverized coal is blown into the furnace through tuyeres, where it reacts with the hot air and helps in the reduction of iron ore to produce molten iron. PCI is a widely used technique in modern blast furnace operations as it allows for the reduction of coke consumption and improves the overall efficiency of the process.

Explanation
Galvanized steel is coated with zinc to protect it from corrosion. Zinc acts as a sacrificial anode, meaning it corrodes before the steel does. This sacrificial corrosion process prevents the steel from rusting. Zinc is widely used for this purpose due to its excellent corrosion resistance properties. It forms a protective layer on the steel surface, preventing moisture and other corrosive elements from reaching the steel.

Explanation
961°C = Silver. 1063°C = Gold. 3600°C = Carbon.

Explanation
Japan produced 110.6 million metric tons in 2013. The USA produced 87.0.

Explanation
China is the world’s leading producer in steel. 1. China – 779 Mt. 2. Japan – 110.6 Mt. 3. USA – 86.9 Mt. 4. India – 81.2 Mt. 5. Russia 68.7 Mt.

Explanation
China also consumes more steel than any other country. 1. China – 700 Mt. 2. USA – 95.6 Mt. 3. India – 73.7 Mt. 4. Japan – 65.3 Mt. 5. South Korea – 51.6 Mt.

Explanation
Carbon steel accounts for 90% of global steel production.

Explanation
The steel industry employs 50 million people around the world. This indicates that there is a significant workforce involved in the steel industry globally. The large number of employees suggests that the steel industry plays a crucial role in providing employment opportunities and contributing to the global economy.