All evidence produce by randomized clinical trials should be deemed strong evidence
Randomized clinical trials reside at the top of a research hierarchy for inferring whether a particular intervention is the most plausible case of a particular outcome
Only evidence produced by randomized clinical trials should be considered as worthy of guiding practice decisions, regardless of the nature of the decision
All of the above are true
None of the above are true
Early positivism
Post positivism
Interpretivism
Critical social science
Ethics deals more with the substance of research
Politics deals with the methods of research
Formal codes of accepted political conduct are not comparable to the codes of ethical conduct
All of the above
Almost always should involve probability sampling methods
Should avoid using researcher's judgement about finding potential participants
Often involves using snowball sampling
Never should combine probability and non-probability sampling methods
Do NOT alter instruments previously found to be reliable and valid with one culture when using those instruments with a different culture
A measurement procedure developed in one culture will have the same value and meaning when administered to people in another culture
Successful translation of an instrument into another language is sufficient to ensure measurement equivalence
If a scale has conceptual equivalence between two cultures, scores on it will have the same meaning in each culture
None of the above
A trend study
An explanatory study
An exploratory study
A longitudinal study
A descriptive study
The individual
Attitudes
Abortion rights
Women's attitudes
Society
A cohort study
A trend study
A panel study
A cross-sectional study
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Moderating variable
It could be an independent or dependent variable; it depends on whether it is stated second int he hypothesis
Positive
Negative
Curvilinear
Causal
Nominal, operational, and real definitions
Real definitions
Nominal and operational definitions
Nominal and real definitions
Operational and real definitions
They cannot be measure because they don't exist
They can be measured even though they don't really exist
They exist and can be measure through direct observations
All of the above are true
None of the above are true
Systematic error
Random error
Unreliable data
Both b and c
Semantic differential scale
Thurstone scale
Bogardus social distance scale
Likert scale
Testing
History
Demoralization
Compensation rivalry
The Solomon four-group design
The posttest-only control group design
The classical experimental design
All of the above
A and B only are correct (The Solomon four-group design and The posttest-only control group design)
Unobtrusive observation
Reactivity
Social-desirability bias
Generalization of effects
Describing a population too large to observe directly
Descriptive and exploratory but not explanatory purposes
The measurement of attitudes prevalent in a larger population
All of the above are correct
A and C only are correct (Describing a population too large to observe directly AND Descriptive and exploratory but not explanatory purposes)
Being a complete participant
Participatory action research
Grounded theory
Client logs
None of the above
True
False
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