1.
The economic theory of business behavior assumes that the goal of a firm is to
Correct Answer
A. Maximize profits
Explanation
The correct answer is maximize profits because the economic theory of business behavior suggests that firms aim to maximize their profits. This means that they seek to generate the highest possible financial gain by optimizing their production, pricing, and cost management strategies. By maximizing profits, firms can ensure long-term sustainability and growth. Earning a normal profit or maximizing revenue may be important factors, but they are ultimately subsumed under the overarching goal of maximizing profits.
2.
How is the value of an economic theory in practice determined?
Correct Answer
B. How well the theory can be predicted or explained.
Explanation
The value of an economic theory in practice is determined by how well the theory can be predicted or explained. This means that the theory should be able to accurately predict real-world economic phenomena and provide a clear and coherent explanation for them. The ability of a theory to make accurate predictions and provide a comprehensive explanation demonstrates its practical relevance and usefulness in understanding and analyzing economic behavior and outcomes.
3.
What is true about implicit costs?
Correct Answer
D. All of the above points are true.
Explanation
Implicit costs refer to the opportunity cost of using resources that the firm already owns. These costs are not explicitly paid in cash, but they still have value and must be considered in decision-making. Therefore, all of the given points are true about implicit costs.
4.
Management decision problems comprise three elements. Which of the following is not one of them?
Correct Answer
D. Profitability
Explanation
The question asks for the element that is not part of management decision problems. The alternatives, objectives, and constraints are all factors that are considered and evaluated in making management decisions. However, profitability is not listed as one of the elements. Profitability is a measure of financial performance and is typically considered as an outcome or result of the decision-making process, rather than a fundamental element in itself.
5.
Which of the following areas of economic theory is the most crucial element of managerial economics?
Correct Answer
A. Microeconomic theory
Explanation
Microeconomic theory is the most crucial element of managerial economics because it focuses on the behavior and decision-making of individual economic agents, such as consumers, firms, and markets. Managerial economics is concerned with how managers can make effective decisions to maximize profits and minimize costs, and microeconomic theory provides the foundation for understanding the economic principles and concepts that underlie these decisions. By studying microeconomic theory, managers can analyze market conditions, determine optimal pricing and production strategies, and evaluate the impact of various factors on their business's performance.
6.
What is the correct formula for economic profit?
Correct Answer
C. Total Revenues - (Explicit Costs + Implicit Costs)
Explanation
The correct formula for economic profit is Total Revenues - (Explicit Costs + Implicit Costs). This formula takes into account both the explicit costs, which are the actual out-of-pocket expenses incurred by a firm, and the implicit costs, which are the opportunity costs of using resources in a particular way. By subtracting the sum of these costs from the total revenues, the formula calculates the economic profit, which represents the amount of profit earned above and beyond the costs of production.
7.
Economic profit can result from one or a combination of the following.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Economic profit can result from a combination of risk bearing, frictional disturbances, and monopoly power. Risk bearing refers to taking on the uncertainty and potential losses associated with business decisions, which can lead to higher profits if successful. Frictional disturbances, such as temporary market imbalances or changes in supply and demand, can create opportunities for profit if a firm can exploit them. Lastly, monopoly power allows a firm to have control over the market, enabling them to set prices higher than their costs and generate economic profit. Therefore, all of these factors can contribute to economic profit.
8.
Firms do not continue to grow without limit due to
Correct Answer
A. Managerial limitations
Explanation
Firms do not continue to grow without limit due to managerial limitations. This means that the growth of a firm is restricted by the abilities and skills of its managers. If the managers are not capable of effectively managing the growth of the firm, it may face challenges and limitations in its expansion. This can include issues such as poor decision-making, lack of strategic planning, inadequate resource allocation, and ineffective leadership. Therefore, managerial limitations can hinder the growth potential of a firm.
9.
How many types of profit are there?
Correct Answer
B. 3
Explanation
There are three types of profit. This suggests that there are multiple ways in which a business can generate profit. The question does not provide any further context or details about the specific types of profit, so it is unclear what those three types are. However, it is generally known that businesses can generate profit through various means such as selling products or services, investing, or earning interest.
10.
Which one of the following is an example of a resource constraint?
Correct Answer
A. Inadequate financial capital
Explanation
Inadequate financial capital is an example of a resource constraint because it refers to a situation where a company or individual does not have enough money or funds to invest in resources or meet their financial obligations. This constraint can limit their ability to acquire necessary resources, invest in growth, or even cover basic operational costs. It can hinder business expansion, limit production capacity, and overall restrict the ability to utilize resources effectively.