Section 2: Nervous System, Spinal Nerve Organization, Autonomic Nervous System

ANAT 391 Lecture 2. N

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Cards In This Set

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What is the nervous system responsible for?
- receiving and processing internal and external env impulses - initiating an appropriate response - also involved in integration of signals
What are the two ways to classify the divisions of the nervous system?
1) Structurally 2) Functionally
How is the nervous system structurally divided?
1) CNS - brain, spinal cord which are inside the skull and vertebral canal (therefore protected by bony cavities) 2)PNS - including spinal and cranial nerves and plexuses - some parts are inside vertebral canal (ie. vertebral foramen)
What is a plexus?
- network of nerve fibres
How is the nervous system functionally divided?
1) Somatic - innervates skin and skeletal muscles - mainly involved w/receiving and responding to information from the external env 2) Visceral - innervates organ systems in the body and other visceral elements such as smooth muscles and glands in peripheral regions - detecting and responding to information from the internal env
What are the afferent components in the CNS and PNS involved with?
- sensory - passing information of stimulus from periphery to nervous system
What are the efferent components in the CNS and PNS involved with?
- motor - responding to the information by sending signals from nervous system to periphery
How is the autonomic nervous system classified?
- related to autonomic system - combination of CNS and PNS (centres of autonomic sys in CNS, PNS sends msgs) - can be classified as having both somatic and visceral functionalities
What is white matter?
- myelinated processes - myelinated nerve fibers (phospholipids bring about white colour
What is gray matter?
- nerve cell bodies - bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibers and neuroglia - in spinal cord, forms H-shaped inner core surrounded by white matter - in brain and cerebellum, thin outer shell of gray matter overs cortex
What is the nuclei?
- clugsters of cell bodies w/in CNS - gathering site of cell bodies of neurons in CNS - also sites of nerve synapses - sensory/motor/autonomic
What is the ganglia?
- aggregations of cell bodies outside the CNS - gathering site of cell body of neurons in PNS - also site of nerve synpases - sensory/autnomic
What is the cortex
- in the periphery of the brain and cerebellum - where the cell bodies of neurons are found (gray matter)
What are the divisions of the brain?
1) cerebrum 2) brainstem 3) cerebellum
Describe the structure of the cerebrum.
- highly convoluted structure - composed of two massive cerebral hemispheres (right and left) and the diencephalon - gyri and sucli