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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Chromosome mutations are
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Variations in the number and structure of chromosomes and also play an important role in evolution
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Variations in chromosomes may lose or gain
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Parts of induvidual chromosomes and the order of genes within a chromosome may become altered
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Metacentric
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The centromere is located approximately in the middle, and the chromosome has two arms of EQUAL length
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Submetacentric
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The centromere is displaced toward one end, creating a short and a long arm which is represented by p and q
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Submetacentric arms
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P arm: "petitie" arm
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Acrocentric
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The centromere is near one end, producing a long arm and a knob, or satelliite, at the other end
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Telocentric
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The centromere is at or very near the end of the chromosome
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The compelete set of chromosomes possesed by an organism is called a
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Karyotype
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To determine chromosome structure and viewing is best carried out by which cell stage
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Metaphase, where the chromosomes are lined up
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A human karyotype consists of
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46 chromosomes
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Staining of chromosomes with a special dye called Giemsa reveals
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G bands
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G bands
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Distinguish areas of DNA that are rich in adenine-thymine (A-T) base pairs
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Q bands are revealed by staining chromosomes
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With quinacrine mustard and viewing chromosomes under ultraviolet light
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Variation in the brightness if the Q bands results from
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Differences in the relative amounts of cytosine-guanine (C-G) and adenine-thymine base pairs
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C band techniques
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Which are regions of DNA occupied by centromeric heterochromatin
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