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Cards In This Set
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Water is a good solvent for polar and charged substances such as
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Amino acids and peptidesSmall AlcoholsCarbohydrates
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Water is a poor solvent for nonpolar substances such as
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Nonpolar gasesaromatic moietiesaliphatic chains
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Entropy ______ as crystalline substances dissolve
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Increases
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Water near a hydrophobic solute is highly ordered and thus has a
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Low entropy
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Low entropy is thermodynamically unfavorable and thus hydrophobic salts have
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Low solubility
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Bulk water has high entropy and thus
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Low order
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Hydrophobic molecules cluster together in micelles in order to lower the ______ ____ to increase entropy
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Hydrophobic surface area exposed to water
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The Hydrophobic effect is one of the main factors involved behind:
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Protein foldingProtein-Protein associationFormation of Lipid MicellesBinding of steroid hormones to their receptors
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The hydrophobic effect does/does not arise due to direct attractive force between the two nonpolar molecules
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Does NOT arise due to direct attractive force. The two nonpolar molecules only come together to increase entropy by lowering the exposed surface area to the water.
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Definition of Ionic Interactions.What type of interaction is it?
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Electrostatic interactions between permanently charged species, or between the ion and a permanent dipole.It is a noncovalent interaction
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Definition of Van Der Waals forces
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Weak interactions between ALL atoms, regardless of polarity. Composed of an attractive (dispersion) and repulsive (steric) component.
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Definition of Dipole interactions
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Electrostatic interactions between uncharged, but polar molecules. Hydrogen bonds are a special type of Dipole interaction
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Hydrogen bonds are a special type of ______
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Dipole interactions
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Attraction forces in Van Der Waals dominates at _____ distance while repulsion dominates at _____ distances
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Attraction dominates at long distances while repulsion dominates at short distances
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Describe the hydrophobic effect
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Complex phenomenon associated with the ordering of water molecules around non-polar substances
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