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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Individual bones are made up of:
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Bone tissue
marrow
cartilage
periosteum
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What are the different types of bones?
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Long
short
flat
irregular
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Humerus radius ulna metacarpals phalanges femur tibia fibula metatarsals phalanges
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Examples of long bones
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What are examples of short bones?
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Carpals (wrist)
tarsals (ankle)
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Sternum (breastbone)
scapular (shoulder blade)
os coxae (hip bone)
ribs
most cranial bones
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Examples of flat bones
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Sphenoid & ethmoid bones of the cranium
vertebrate (backbone or spine)
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Irregular bones
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External and internal surfaces of flat bone are composed of
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Compact bone
(middle layer is spongy bone-diploe)
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Reside in endosteum or periosteum
multiply continuously & differentiate into osteoblasts
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Osteogenic cells
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Form organic matter of matrix & help to mineralize it in response to stress or fractures
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Osteoblasts
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Osteoblasts that have become trapped
--signal osteoclasts & osteoblasts about mechanical stresses
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Osteocytes
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Bone-dissolving cells
develop in bone marrow
reside in pits called resorption bays
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Osteoclasts
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What is the organic matter in the Matrix of the osseous tissue?
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Matrix of Osseous tissue is 1/3 organic
has collagen, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans & glycoproteins
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What is in the inorganic matter in the matrix of the osseous tissue?
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85% hydroxyapatite
10% calcium carbonate
other minerals
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Defective mineralization of bones can result in:
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Rickets (in children) and Osteomalacia (in adults)
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In the spongy bone, spongelike appearance formed by rods and plates of bone called:
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Trabeculae
- spaces filled with red bone marrow
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