AP U.S. History Chapter 11: Society, Culture, and Reform

Period before the Civil War

Religious revivals that swept the country during the early decades of the 19th century in response to rationalism

President of Yale College in CT whose campus revivals inspired a generation of young men to become evangelical preachers

Offered the opportunity of salvation to all, appealing to people's emotions and fear of damnation

These were held in the South and advancing western frontier by Baptist and Methodist circuit preachers that would travel from one location to another performing dramatic outdoor sermons

Religious idea that the second coming would come on Oct 21, 1844 according to William Miller's prediction

Aka Mormons; religion that traced a connection between the Native Americans and the Lost Tribes of Israel

Aka Church of Latter-Day Saints; religion that traced a connection between the Native Americans and the Lost Tribes of Israel

Founded the Church of Latter-Day Saints basing his religious thinking on the Book of Mormon; his following grew and moved from NY to OH to MO to IL where he was murdered by a local mob

After the death of Joseph Smith he led the Mormons to the western frontier to escape persecution

Mormon community that was established on the banks of the Great Salt Lake in UT

European movement early 19th century that stressed intuition and feelings, individual acts of heroism, and the study of nature

Expressed romantic and idealistic themes; questioned the doctrines of established churches and capitalistic habits; believed in discovering inner self and looking for essence of God in Nature

Popular transcendentalist lecturer of 19th century who argued for self-reliance, independent thinking, and superiority of spirit to material; critic of slavery and Union supporter

R.W. Emerson's address at Harvard College urging students to create new American culture independent to European culture