AP Human Geography Chapter 10

Vocabulary  

39 cards   |   Total Attempts: 182
  

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Agriculture
Deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain
Crop
Any plant cultivated by people
Vegetative planting
The reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants, such as cutting stems and dividing roots
Seed agriculture
The reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds that result from sexual fertilization
Subsistence agriculture
The production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family
Commercial agriculture
The production of food primarily for sale off the farm
Prime agricultural land
The most productive farmland
Agribusiness
Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations
Shifting cultivation
A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period
Slash-and-burn agriculture
Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris
Swidden
A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning
Pastoral nomadism
A form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals
Transhumance
Seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and low pasture areas
Pasture
Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing
Intensive subsistence agriculture
A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expand a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land