AP Government Chapter 12 Terms

What.

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Incumbent
Already holding office. Usually win congressional elections.
Casework
Activities of Congressmembers that help constituents as individuals.
Pork barrel
List of federal projects, grants, and contracts available to cities, businesses, etc.
Bicameral legislature
Divided into 2 houses, like US Congress and every state except Nebraska.
House Rules Committee
Institution of the House of Reps. that reviews all bills (except revenue, budget, and appropriation) from committees before they go to House.
Filibuster
Senate strategy where opponents of a bill talk it to death because of "unlimited debate." 60 votes can end it.
Speaker of the House
Mandated by Const. Chosen by majority party, has formal and informal powers, and is 2nd in line to succeed president.
Majority leader
Partisan ally of Speaker/ manager of party in Senate. Schedules bills, influences commitee assignments, and rounds up votes.
Whip
Works with majority/ minority leader to count votes and lean on waverers.
Minority leader
Lead of minority party in House or Senate.
Standing committee
On separate subject-matters in different policy areas in each house of Congress.
Joint committee
On few subject-matter areas with members from both houses.
Conference committee
Formed when similar bills in each house. Smooths out the differences into a single bill.
Select committee
For a specific purpose, like Watergate.
Legislative oversight
Congress's monitor of bureaucracy and it's policy administration, usually through hearings.