Anatomy Chapter 14: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

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Front Back
Cervical enlargement of spinal cord
Supplies nerves to the pectoral girdle and upper limbs
Lumbosacral enlargement of spinal cord
Provides innervation to structures of the prelvis and lower limbs
Spinal meninges defintion
-specialized membranes that provide protection, physical stability, and shock absorption
-cover the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots
3 layers of the spinal meninges
1. dura mater (outside) -tough
2. arachnoid mater (middle) - subarachnoid space filled with cerebrospinal fluid
3. pia mater (inside) - delicate
31 pairs of spinal nerves:
8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal
Nerve plexuses
1. the cervical plexus
2. brachial plexus
3. the lumbar plexus
4. the sacral plexus
A reflex arc:
5
1. arrival of a stimulus and activation of a receptor
2. relay of info to the CNS
3. info processing
4. activation of a motor neuron
5. response of a peripheral effecter
Classification of reflexes
1. development (innate or acquired)
2. the site where info processing occurs (spinal or cranial)
3. the nature of the resulting motor response (somatic or visceral)
4. the compelxity of the neural circuit involved (monosynpatic or polysnaptic)
Cervical plexus
C1-C5
-Cranial nerves - Accessory (NXI) and Hypoglossal nerve (NXII); Lesser occiptal nerve; Supraclavicular nerves; phrenic nerve
Brachial Plexus
C4-T1
-Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7); Ulnar nerve (C8, T1); Radial nerve (C5-T1); Median nerve (C6-T1)-carpal tunnel
Lumbar plexus
T12-L4
-Femoral nerve (L2-L4); Obturator nerve (L2-L4);
Sacral plexus
L4-S4
-Sciatic nerve (L4-S3); Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)