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Cards In This Set
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What do enzymes do?
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Enzymes control/promote metabolic reactions.
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What is an anabolic reaction?
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An anabolic reaction is when larger molecules are made from smaller ones (building) and they require an input of energy.
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What happens in a catabolic reaction of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?
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In catabolic reactions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, a water molecule is needed to break them apart and is called hydrolysis.
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What is a catabolic reaction?
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Catabolic reactions are when molecules are broken down into smaller molecules and these reactions release energy. The energy is stored in bonds.
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What happens in an anabolic reaction of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?
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In anabolic reactions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, a water molecule is 'split' out (is part of the products reaction) and is called a dehydration synthesis.
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Fill in the blank:
Energy required to get a reaction started is called .
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Energy required to get a reaction started is called activation energy.
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How do enzymes serve to lower the activation energy of a reaction?
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Enzymes serve to lower the activation energy of a reaction by weakening the bonds of the substrate molecule.
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What are substrates?
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Substrates are the substances that enzymes act on and the active site of the enzyme is where the substrate binds. (lock and key analogy)
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Fill in the blank:
are specific.
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Enzymes are specific. For example enzyme 'x' helps substrate 'a' become product 'b'. it will not help any other reaction.
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What do cofactors do?
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Cofactors serve to activate the enzyme (the helper's helper) and they are either minerals or coenzymes.
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What can alter enzymes?
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Heat, radiation, electricity, chemicals, and extreme pH values can alter enzymes.
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What is the goal of cellular respiration?
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The goal of cellular respiration is to release the energy stored in the bonds of molecules (from the food we consume) in the form of ATP.
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What are the phases of cellular respiration?
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The phases of cellular respiration are: glycolysis, processing of pyruvic acid, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport system.
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What is the form of energy used by our cells?
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The form of energy used by our cells is ATP (adenosine triphosphate); the bonds between the phosphate molecules contain HUGE amounts of energy.
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What is the definition of energy?
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Energy: the capacity to change matter or to move something.
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