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The concept that the social ownership of property, unlike the private ownership of property would benefit society as a whole is known as: |
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Socialism |
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According to Malthus, humanity was at great risk because: |
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An increase in population would out-strip food supplies. |
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Marx and Darwin both argued that: |
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Humans were locked in evolutionary struggle based on competition. |
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Historically, the notion that individual freedom is best safeguarded by limited government intervention in personal and economic life is known as: |
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Liberalism |
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The "Communist Manifesto" was written by: |
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Marx |
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The "underground man" was: |
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Sick and spiteful |
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What were influences on Marx? |
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Hegel, classical economics, socialism. |
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What is the theory of natural selection? |
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The belief that the most fit biological specimens in a given species will ultimately survive and reproduce. |
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According to Ricardo's "Iron Law of Wages": |
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Workers would not ultimately benefit from a rise in wages. |
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Who were three important socialists? |
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Owen, Fourier, St. Simon.
**Ricardo was NOT. |
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What most accurately reflects Malthus's theories? |
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The working class is responsible for its own poverty. |
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Who was the main architect of German unification? |
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Otto von Bismarck |
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What was positivism? |
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A theory that the careful study of facts would generate accurate laws of society. |
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Claude Henri: |
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Coined the terms "industrial" and "industrialist." |
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Who were three Utopian socialists? |
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Owen, Tristan, Fourier.
**Marx was NOT. |
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Who is most associated with materialism? |
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Marx |
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_________ advocated evolutionary theory to promote their racist, sexist, and nationalist agendas. |
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Social Darwinists |
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What, according to Dostoevsky, defies scientific classification? |
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Free will. |
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________ both advocated creation of ideal communities and questioned the structures and values of capitalism and advocated social ownership of property. |
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Utopian socialists |
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Marx believed that the key to understanding history is: |
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Class struggle |
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Who was a nationalist? |
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Bismarck.
**Marx, Owen, Corbet were NOT. |
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________ is a radical program bent on changing property relations by violence. |
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Communism. |
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The term ________ refers to urban workers. |
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Proletariat |
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Historically, Liberalism stood for: |
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Limits on state intervention in private life. |
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Who was the architect of the buildup of German naval power? |
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Alfred von Tirpitz |
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For Karl Marx, what did materialism mean? |
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That the fundamental organizations of a society derived from relationships arising from work or production. |
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________ is defined as ideas and movements aimed at the emancipation of women. |
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Feminism |
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Which belief held that through science one could discover enduring social laws based on rationally determined principles? |
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Positivism. |
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At its conception, feminism was closely connected with ________. |
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Socialism |
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As the minister-president under _________ of Prussia, Otto von Bismarck was instrumental in achieving German unification. |
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William I. |
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What are three phases of nationalism? |
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Purely cultural, political, mass support.
**Stability is NOT. |
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What is a good example of Realism? |
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Dostoevsky's "Notes From the Underground." |
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In "Notes From the Underground," Dostoevsky presented ________ as a source of delight. |
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Free will |
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What countries made up the Triple Alliance? |
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Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. |
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Which countries made up the Triple Entente? |
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France, Russia, and Great Britain. |
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Liberalism did NOT: |
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Favor the working classes |
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The notion that economic forces are at the heart of reality is associated with _________. |
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Materialism. |
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"Notes From the Underground" may be considered a response to: |
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Positivism and Darwinism |
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Believing that the Roman Catholic Church impeded the progress of nationalism, who engaged in a Kulturkampf against Catholic influence? |
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Otto von Bismarck |
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Social Darwinists |
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Used distorted versions of evolutionary theory to lobby for racist, sexist, and nationalist policies. |
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What played a part in Bismarck's plan to unify Germany? |
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The Danish War |
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________ is a doctrine that holds that all people should have political states to express their common language and shared cultural values. |
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Nationalism |
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Bismarck's system of alliances was designed to: |
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Restrain Russia and isolate France |
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The basic postulate of positivism is that: |
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Scientific laws underlie human affairs |
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The "underground man" was NOT: |
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A figure driven by the need to progress in a secret way. |
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Darwin explained the development of the natural world through his theory of: |
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Evolution |
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________ is the depiction of contemporary life emphasizing fidelity to everyday experience and the facts and conditions of everyday life. |
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Literary realism |
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Who was one of the Liberals? |
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Richardo
**Fourier, Dostoevsky, Bismarck were NOT. |
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Why is the Crystal Palace so important in "Notes From the Underground"? |
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It represented science for the main character. |
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The goal of the Congress of Vienna was to: |
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Achieve stability by establishing secure states with guaranteed borders. |
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What painter argued that an artist should "never permit sentiment to overthrow logic" and thus portrayed laborers at backbreaking work? |
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Gustave Courbet |
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Who was one of the founders of the political theory of anarchism? |
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Mikhail Bakunin |
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