Can You Answer Following Anatomy & Physiology Of Nervous Tissue Terms Flashcards

1. What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?

1. The basic unit of nervous tissue is the ______.

1. Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?

1. The main function of muscle tissue is ______.

1. Reabsorption is the movement of substances from the ______ to the ______.

1. Name a physiological response that takes place in many animals when they get too hot? (think blood)

1. Excretion is the movement of substances from the ______ to the ______.

1. The connection between structure and ______ is a basic concept of biology

1. Most homeostasic mechanisms depend on ______.

1. What fills the spaces between cells in animals more complex than Hydra?

1. Functions of the kidneys? (name 4)

1. A diuretic is a substance that ______.

1. Which muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement?

1. A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ______.

1. Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal muscle?

1. The process by which feces are forced through the anus and out of the body is called ______.

1. The stomach mixes the food with the secretions of the stomach wall to form ______.

1. The epithelial cells lining the intestine have surface projections that increase the area for absorption. These projections are called ______.

1. Certain amino acids are called essential because they ______.

1. Altogether, the body secretes about 7 liters of water into the alimentary canal each day. About what percentage of this water gets reabsorbed?

Which portion of the digestive tract is specialized for absorption of the nutrients?

1. Movement of food from the stomach into the esophagus is usually prevented by ______.

1. Digestion takes place in specialized compartments for all of the following reasons except ______.

1. The function of the sphincter at the downstream end of the stomach is to ______.

1. Muscular action propels food through the alimentary canal by a process called ______.

1. The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth. What is the name given to the starch-digesting enzyme secreted by salivary glands?

1. Absorption of water is one major function of which of the following structures?

1. Which of the following mechanisms helps prevent the gastric juice from digesting the stomach lining?

1. Which of the following is the usual cause of heartburn?

1. The esophagus and trachea are both open to the ______.

1. When the wall of the stomach fails to protect itself from erosion by gastric juice, the result is ______

1. Digestion is the ______.

1. You increase your risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing your consumption of ______. (think diet)

1. Which of these carry(ies) oxygen-poor blood? (think pulmonary system)

1. Oxygen is mostly transported through the body ______.

1. Professional athletes may abuse the chemical erythropoietin because it ______.

A scientist claimed that students might get better scores on written exams if they wiggle their legs frequently while taking an exam. This could work (but it is not better than studying) because wiggling legs might

1. Plasma is primarily ______. (made of?)

1. Why is blood pressure higher during systole than during diastole?

1. Blood pressure that is consistently ______ or higher would indicate that you have hypertension.

1. Within the lungs, gas exchange occurs across ______.

1. White blood cells play a particularly important role in ______.

1. When you hold your breath, which of the following blood gas changes leads initially to the urge to breathe again?

1. What path does a molecule of O2 take from the nose to the respiratory surface?

1. As a consequence of red blood cells' lack of nuclei and other organelles, they ______.

1. Breathing is regulated by ______.

1. It is best to receive an organ transplant from a donor who ______.

1. What has caused the evolution of drug-resistant strains of HIV?

1. The two main functions of the lymphatic system are ______.

1. Which type of immune response is always disadvantageous to a person?

Humans that are infected with avian influenza are likely to have elevated levels of ______.

1. A primary immune response is the ______.

1. What is the best defense against HIV?

1. Antibodies are made of ______.

1. Our nonspecific defense system is triggered by which reaction?

1. Which cells initiates an immune response by acting as an antigen-presenting cellengulfing an invader and presenting its antigens to other immune cells?

1. Why do diseases involving widespread infection usually result in a fever?

1. Which cell types initiates a secondary immune response?

1. Which compounds are mast cells specialized to secrete?

1. When you cut yourself, the damaged cells immediately release which of the following chemical alarm signals?

1. Which type of disease is almost always associated with obesity?

1. Which gland exerts primary control over the concentration of sugar in the blood?

1. FSH is a hormone that ______.

1. What is the metabolic abnormality that underlies the characteristic symptoms of diabetes mellitus, such as frequent urination?

1. Which of the following choices does not pair an endocrine gland or hormone with an aspect of metabolism that it regulates?

1. Which hormone causes a rise in the concentration of sugar in the blood?

1. Hypothalamus, where is it located?

1. Where does a steroid-receptor complex act in a cell?

1. Which gland produces releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones?

1. Which of these hormones acts counter to the diuretic effect of alcohol?

1. In the human body, calcium levels are regulated by the ______.

1. The cerebral cortex is highly folded. Why might this be an advantage for the functions of the cerebrum?

1. Which component of the human eye forms the iris?

1. A person who cannot focus on distant objects has ______.

1. You start to trip, but you keep your balance and don't fall. Which of the following brain regions is responsible for the rapid coordination of muscle activity that kept you from falling?

1. Standing out in center field, the baseball player watches the hitter's bat strike the ball and then, slightly later, hears the sound of the impact. What types of sensory receptors did the player just use?

1. At a chemical synapse, what causes the ion channels on the receiving cell's membrane to close?

1. Would you expect motor units to vary in size? If so, which of these structures would probably have the largest ones?

1. Which one of the following helps combat osteoporosis?

1. One of your best friends loves to run long distances. You ask her what she enjoys about running. In addition to good physical fitness, she tells you that after a run she feels extra happy. You suspect that her joy might be related to increased production of ______ by the anterior pituitary gland.

1. Integration ______. (Define)

1. If aqueous humor is not drained, the likely result will be the development of ______.

1. Outnumbering neurons by up to 50 to 1, which cells protect, insulate, and reinforce neurons?

1. As you prepare to head off to class, you reach up to grab a pencil, but poke the tip of your finger. Quickly, and without thinking, you pull your hand back. Which of the following is the correct sequence of neuronal action involved in this reflexive response?

1. Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

1. A major function of natural killer cells is to ______.

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence in a signal transduction pathway?

1. Where would we expect to find electrical synapses?

1. Examine the photograph of the hand in the following figure. The person’s joints are severely damaged because ______.

1. Which is mostly involved in a long-lasting response to stress?

1. When light levels suddenly increase, our eyes adjust quickly by reducing the size of the ______.