Organs of Urinary System:
kidneys |
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two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behind the parietal peritoneum. Their function is to remove waste products from the blood and to aid in maintaining water and electrolyte balances. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
nephron |
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urine-producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
glomerulus (pl. glomeruli) |
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cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. The process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
renal pelvis |
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funnel-shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
hilum |
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indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the ureter leaves the kidney. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
ureters |
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two slender tubes, approximately 10 to 13 inches (26 to 33 cm) long that receive the urine from the kidneys and carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
urinary bladder |
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muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine. As it fills, the thick, muscular wall becomes thinner, and the organ increases in size. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
urethra |
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lowest part of the urinary tract, through which the urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. This narrow tube varies in length by sex. It is 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) long in the female and 8 inches (20 cm) in the male, in whom it is also a part of the reproductive system. It carries seminal fluid (semen) at the time of ejaculation. |
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Organs of Urinary System:
urinary meatus |
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opening through which the urine passes to the outside |
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Combining Form:
cyst/o, vesic/o |
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bladder, sac |
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Combining Form:
glomerul/o |
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glomerulus |
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Combining Form:
meat/o |
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meatus (opening) |
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Combining Form:
nephr/o, ren/o |
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kidney |
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Combining Form:
pyel/o |
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renal pelvis |
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Combining Form:
ureter/o |
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ureter |
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Combining Form:
urethr/o |
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urethra |
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Combining Form:
albumin/o |
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albumin |
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Combining Form:
azot/o |
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urea, nitrogen |
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Combining Form:
blast/o |
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developing cell, germ cell |
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Combining Form:
glyc/o, glycos/o |
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sugar |
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Combining Form:
hydr/o |
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water |
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Combining Form:
lith/o |
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stone, calculus |
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Combining Form:
noct/i |
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*note that the combining vowel (CV) is i)
night |
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Combining Form:
olig/o |
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scanty, few |
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Combining Form:
son/o |
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sound |
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Combining Form:
tom/o |
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cut, section |
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Combining Form:
urin/o, ur/o |
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urine, urinary tract |
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Suffix:
-iasis, -esis |
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condition |
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Suffix:
-lysis |
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loosening, dissolution, separating |
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Suffix:
-megaly |
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enlargement |
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Suffix:
-ptosis |
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drooping, sagging, prolapse |
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Suffix:
-rrhaphy |
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suturing, repairing |
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Suffix:
-tripsy |
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surgical crushing |
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Suffix:
-trophy |
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nourishment, development |
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Suffix:
-uria |
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urine, urination |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
cystitis
(sis-TIE-tis) |
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inflammation of the bladder |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
cystocele
(SIS-toe-seel) |
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protrusion of the bladder |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
glomerulonephritis
(glo-mer-yoo-lo-ne-FRY-tis) |
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inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
hydronephrosis
(hi-drow-ne-FRO-sis) |
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abnormal condition of water in the kidney (distension of the renal pelvis with urine because of an obstruction) |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephritis
(ne-FRI-tis) |
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inflammation of the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephroblastoma
(nef-ro-blas-TOE-ma) |
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kidney tumor containing developing cell (malignant tumor)(also called Wilm's tumor) |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephrohypertrophy
(nef-ro-hi-PER-tro-fee) |
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ecessive development (increase in size) of the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephrolithiasis
(nef-RO-lith-EYE-a-sis) |
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condition of stone(s) in the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephroma
(nef-RO-ma) |
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tumor of the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephromegaly
(nef-ro-MEG-a-lee) |
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enlargement of the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
nephroptosis
(nef-rop-TO-sis) |
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drooping kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
pyelitis
(pi-e-LI-tis) |
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inflammation of the renal pelvis |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
pyelonephritis
(pi-e-low-ne-FRI-tis) |
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inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
uremia
(you-REE-mee-a) |
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condition of urine (urea) in the blood (toxic condition resulting from retention of by-products of the kidney in the blood) |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
ureteritis
(you-ree-ter-EYE-tis) |
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inflammation of a ureter |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
ureterocele
(you-REE-ter-o-seel) |
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protrusion of a ureter |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
ureterolithiasis
(you-ree-ter-o-lith-EYE-a-sis) |
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condition of stones in the ureters |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
ureterostenosis
(you-ree-ter-o-sten-O-sis) |
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narrowing of the ureter |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (built from Word Parts)
urethrocystitis
(you-ree-throw-sis-TIE-tis) |
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inflammation of the urethra and the bladder |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
epispadias
(ep-i-SPAY-dee-as) |
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congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
hypospadias
(hi-po-SPAY-dee-as) |
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condition in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect canoccur in the female. |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
polycystic kidney disease
(pol-i-SIS-tik) (KID-nee) (di-zeez) |
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condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
renal calculi
(REE-nal) (KAL-koo-lye) |
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stones in the kidney |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
renal hypertension
(REE-nal) (hi-per-TEN-shun) |
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elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
sepsis
(SEP-sis) |
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a condition in which pathogenic microorganisms, usually bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing a systemic inflammatory response to the infection (also called septicemia) |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
urinary retention
(YOU-rin-air-ee) (ree-TEN-shun) |
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abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of the inability to urinate |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
urinary suppression
(YOU-rin-air-ree) (soo-PRESH-un) |
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sudden stoppage of urine formation |
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Disease and Disorder Terms (NOT built from Word Parts)
urinary tract infection
(YOU-rin-air-ree) (trakt) |
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infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
cyctectomy
(sis-TEK-toe-mee) |
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excision of the bladder |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
cystolithotomy
(sis-toe-li-THOT-oh-mee) |
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incision in the bladder to remove a stone |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
cystorrhaphy
(sist-OR-a-fee) |
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suturing of the bladder |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
cystostomy
(sis-TOS-toe-mee) |
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creating an artificial opening into the bladder |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
cystotomy
(sis-TOT-oh-mee)
or
vesicotomy
(ves-i-KOT-oh-mee) |
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incision of the bladder |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
lithotripsy
(LITH-oh-trip-see) |
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surgical crushing of a stone |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
meatotomy
(mee-ay-TOT-oh-mee) |
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incision of the meatus |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
nephrectomy
(ne-FREK-toe-mee) |
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excision of a kidney |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
nephrolysis
(ne-FROL-i-sis) |
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separating the kidney (from other body structures) |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
nephropexy
(NEF-roh-peks-ee) |
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surgical fixation of the kidney |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
nephropyelolithotomy
(nef-roh-pi-e-low-lith-OT-oh-mee) |
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incision through the kidney to the renal pelvis to remove a stone |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
pyeloplasty
(PIE-el-oh-plas-tee) |
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surgical repair of the renal pelvis |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
ureterectomy
(you-ree-ter-EK-toe-mee) |
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excision of a ureter |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
ureterostomy
(you-ree-ter-OS-toe-mee) |
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creation of an artificial opening into the ureter |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
urethroplasty
(you-REE-throw-plas-tee) |
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surgical repair of the urethra |
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Surgical Terms (built from word parts)
vesicourethral suspension
(ves-i-koh-you-REE-thral) |
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suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra |
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Surgical Terms (NOT built from word parts)
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
(ek-stra-kor-POR-ee-al) (LITH-oh-trip-see) |
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a noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney or ureteral stones. By using ultrasound and fluoroscopic imaging, the stone is positioned at a focal point. Repeated firing of shock waves renders the stone into fragments that pass from the body in the urine. Also called Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) |
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Surgical Terms (NOT built from word parts)
fulguration
(ful-goo-RAY-shun) |
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destruction of living tissue with an electric spark (a method commonly used to remove bladder growths) |
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Surgical Terms (NOT built from word parts)
renal transplant
(REE-nal) (trans-plant) |
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surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney. |
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