Coffee production in africa, asia, and south america (includes caribbean). increasing demand had real social, economic, political and cultural implications. coffee originated in ethiopia, but yemen was the one who had the monopoly of it. story of kaldi: young goat herder in ethiopia. his goats started to eat the berries, they went crazy, at first he thought they were poisonous, realized it wasnt after they were still alive the next day. he tried them, really liked the cherries, he got the feeling of not being tired, he went and spread the word about the magical beans. coffee being grown in the mountains just outside of mocha, pack animals would bring the coffee to warehouses, camel trains- lines of camels bringing coffee to the warehouses. for more than 150 years, mocha was the only port selling coffee. by the 1610s european traders arrived in mocha, and found ethiopian coffee as well as that grown in yemen, the secret eventually got out how to grow coffee. the tree in paris is thought to be the direct ancestor of all the coffee plants in the americas. gabriel mathieu de clieu best known by his love affair of his coffee tree. wanted to see it spread, especially in martinique. he went from martinique to paris, petitioned the king to give him a coffee plant to take it back. by 1777 there were nearly 19million coffee plants on the island. sufism branch of islam, referred to as a mystical branch, focus on spiritual awareness. used coffee in their religious ceremonies. they became very popular. they wanted to elevate themselves to the divine to protect the monopoly, when berries were sold, they had to be boiled in water to prevent germination.suleiman the magnificent leader of the ottoman empire, used coffee for medicinal reasons. mocha port city, heart of coffee trade. coffeehouses popular place to meet and discuss things, where ideas originated, posed a threat because of the new social connections that started there. pasha banned coffe consumption in mecca. for the ottomans, coffee and coffee houses were important, everyone met there as equals, encouraged social cohesion, and internal trade. people would be out late at night drinking coffee and talking with one another. traditional patterns of entertaining in home changed to be in coffee houses. this also allowed for strangers to talk to other strangers, formed networking. foreign merchants would benefit because there was a place to go. there were new lawyers who found clients in coffee houses. because of all of this communication, it posed a threat. the ottomans also controlled a lot of the coffee trade because they controlled the original port cities. 2,000 coffee houses in london, occupying more buildings and paying more rent than any other trade. known as penny universities. the coffee houses specialized in some things, such as doctors and merchants. protestants and catholics and puritans all had their own coffee houses. served as first equal meeting place in society. coffee actually sobered up england, and led to productivity. in december 1675, king charles issued proclamation for suppression of coffee houses, by january 1676, all coffee houses would be band. he argued that it led to trades men ignoring their business. also there was a concern of politics being discussed in coffee houses. by the end of 1600s early 1700s coffee was declining, tea on the up.
