What can the administrator do to associate an application with each job posting in the schema for an organization?

Its the other way around ..

it should be a Master detail on Application to the Job Posting.

A Job posting can have multiple Applications from different Candidates, but an Application can only be associated with one single Job Posting - clearly being the Child.

1 application just has only 1 Job Posting. But 1 Job Posting may have many applications. Application does not need to standalone, so Job Posting-Application is a one-to-many master-detail relationship. And the master-detail relationship field is created on the detail side (Application). The answer isCreate a master-detail relationship in the Application custom object to the Job Postings custom object

If create a master-detail relationship in the Job Posting, just one Application can be related to Job Posting. If others candidates desires aplly yours Application to same Job Posting, they are won't be able.

Por isso a resposta correta é:

• Create a master-detail relationship in the Application custom object to the Job Postings custom object.

This question is so badly written it's hilarious. Even better it's repeated twice.